Mufananidzo: Annie Ernaux. Mafonti: Cabaret Voltaire.
Uyo anokunda iyo Mubayiro weNobel muMabhuku Inoziviswa neChina chekutanga chaOctober. Muna 2022 uyu tatova nerombo rakanaka rakahwina mukurumbira wekunyora. Mukadzi uye ndiye wechigumi nemanomwe kuzviwana. Zita rake ndiAnnie Ernaux, munyori wechiFrench anozivikanwa nezvinyorwa zvake zvekunyora..
Vazhinji vaverengi vanotaura chiSpanish vanotoziva kuti ndiani, nekuti muSpain inozivikanwa chaizvo uye inoverengwa. Vayemure vake vakashamiswa uye pamwe kwete, asi chero zvakadaro mufaro mukuru. Kubva pano tinokuudza zvese zvaunoda kuziva nezve akasarudzika mukadzi ane Mubayiro weNobel muMabhuku 2022.
Kusangana naAnnie Ernaux
Annie Ernaux ane makore makumi masere nemaviri ekuzvarwa. Akazvarwa muLillebonne, France, muna 82. Kubva achiri mudiki akatanga kufarira kunyora uye akatanga nganonyorwa dzaaizokurumidza kusiya nekuti aigara achida kurondedzera zvakaitika zvake. Izvo zvaizotanga nezviitiko zveautobiographical zvaizochinja kuita autofiction iyo yaakapihwa.
Chokwadi chekuzvarwa mumhuri yekushanda chaive chakakoshawo pabasa rake., kure nemapoka enjere angadai akamukurudzira kukudziridza madingindira eelitist. Zvakatosiyana nazvo, nhoroondo dzake dzakatangira muchitoro chaitengeswa nevabereki vake. Chimwe chiitiko chimwe chete chaive chakashanda se kana vaviri muLondon kuma60.
Zvadaro, shure kuFrance, akadzidza paYunivhesiti yeRouen kune dhigirii mumabhuku. Aive mudzidzisi wesekondari uye akazowedzera basa rake rekudzidzisa paCentre for Distance Education (CED). Nenzira iyi, akabatanidza kudzidzisa nekunyora kusvikira asiya yekutanga muna 2000. Anga achiburitsa zviitiko zvakakosha zvehupenyu hwake kubvira kuma70, iyo yakamuumba somunhu; zviitiko zvinogoverwa nevakadzi vakawanda vemazuva ano.
Kubva kuma70, akagara muCergy-Pontoise, guta riri makiromita makumi mana kubva kuParis. izvo zvinomubvumira kuti ave nehupenyu hwakafanana, anotsanangura, pasina determinisms, sezvo iguta idzva risina nhoroondo yekare rinogadzirisa vagari varo. Chimiro chekutaura seuyo mubasa rake, iyo neimwe nzira inotsvaka kusunungurwa kwevanhu pasina mamiriro.
Sei wakapihwa 2022 Nobel Prize yeLiterature?
Basa rake rakabuda nenzira imwe cheteyo yaakanga achifambira mberi munzira yeupenyu. Akanyora nezvaamai vake (Mukadzi), nezvevabereki vavo vane maonero ekirasi (Panzvimbo, honte), kuyaruka kwake (Ce qu'ils disent you rien), hupenyu hwake hwewanano (la femme gelee), kubvisa pamuviri kwaakaita (Chiitiko) kana gomarara rezamu raaive naro (Kushandiswa kwemufananidzo).
Iwo madingindira anoruka basa raAnnie Arneux vakadzi, kuziva kwekirasi, nharaunda uye zvemagariro ezvemagariro, kutambura uye kudzidza kwakakosha. Basa rekunyora raErnaux rinova chiitiko chakagovaniswa nekuda kweizwi remunhu wemunyori.
Nenzira imwe cheteyo yaanorarama uye inokunda kurwisa kwehupenyu, vaverengi vake vanoziva kuti kune manzwiro anowanzoitika kune vakawanda; Sezvo anozvisunungura amene kupfurikidza nezvinyorwa zvake, anosunungura chikamu chavanhu. Annie Ernaux anoziva nzira yekutyora taboos zviri nyore uye nemasikirwo.
Nekune rimwe divi, pane musiyano pakati pe autofiction uye autobiography. Akaveza nzira yegoridhe mukurondedzera kwehupenyu hwake kuburikidza nemadingindira akasiyana uye nharo. Nekudaro, Annie Ernaux haanyore zvinyorwa zvehupenyu, anonyora otomatiki nekuti inogadzira kuwirirana nemuverengi, rudzi rwechibvumirano umo inogamuchirwa kuti kuverenga zvirimo ndezvechokwadi, asi kune kugadziridzwa uye marezinesi. ngano dzisipo mubhuku renhoroondo yeupenyu. ndiye novelization yehupenyu.
Ernaux anotenda nemoyo nekuda kwemubairo, asi Anoti basa raainaro pamberi penzanga uye kururamisira rakura kupfuura kare. Iyo Swedish Academy, mukucherechedza basa rake uye mupiro, hezvino izvo zvaakataura:
Nokuda kwehushingi uye kliniki acuity yaanowana nayo midzi, estrangements uye zvipingamupinyi zvakabatanidzwa zvekuyeuka kwemunhu.
Basa rake: mamwe mazano
Basa raErnaux rapinda muSpain uye rakashandurwa kwemakore. Yakapfuura nepakati pevaparidzi vakuru vakaita se Nhanhatu Barral o tusquets. Asi ndiye muparidzi muduku Cabaret Voltaire uyo ane kodzero dzebasa reiyo itsva Premio Nobel yemabhuku. Nhau dzakanaka dzeiyi edhita inotenda kuti nhau dzichava nemhedzisiro yakanaka pakambani; imwe nzira yeruramisiro yakafanana neiyo yevakadzvinyirirwa kana kuti vane simba iyo Ernaux anotaura nezvayo mumabhuku ake. Hezvino zvimwe zvacho:
- makabati asina chinhu (1974). Mupepeti. Cabaret Voltaire, 2022. Iri bhuku rekutanga rinoongorora hupenyu hwemukadzi wechidiki akanyudzwa nekwakabva kwakaderera kunoratidzwa nekusadzidziswa uye ruzivo. Iri bhuku richiri renganonyorwa.
- mukadzi akapindwa nechando (1981). Mupepeti. Cabaret Voltaire, 2015. Pakuodzwa mwoyo kwevarume vaunoshanda navo, vanofambira mberi vanopomerawo sei machismo uye kusunungurwa kwezvitendero zvakajairika.
- Nzvimbo yacho (1983). Mupepeti. tusquets, 2002. Kufungisisa kwemhuri pamusoro pekuziva kwekirasi nekuvandudza mukutsvaga kubudirira.
- Mukadzi (1987). Mupepeti. Cabaret Voltaire, 2020. Gender and social class zvinofambidzana mubhuku rino. Amai vaErnaux ndiye protagonist uye ratidziro yeboka.
- Kunyara (1997). Mupepeti. tusquets, 1999. Nhoroondo yemhuri yekwaDuchesne mugore ra1952.
- Chiitiko (2000). Mupepeti. tusquets, 2001. Rimwe remabhuku akaoma emunyori kwaanotaura nezvekubvisa pamuviri.
- Kushandiswa kwemufananidzo (2005). Mupepeti. Cabaret Voltaire, 2018. Rimwe bhuku umo Ernaux anokurura zvekare kuti atiudze nezvegomarara rake rezamu.