Christie Agatha.
Vashandisi veInternet pavanotsvaga "Agatha Christie akanakisa mabhuku" mhedzisiro yacho inonongedza kune basa remunyori anofungidzirwa semutangiri weiyo mutikitivha genre. Vese vatsoropodzi nevateereri veamateur vakarumbidza mazita emunyori weBritish uyu. Muchokwadi, iyo Guinness Bhuku reZvinyorwa anomutora semunyori wenhau anotengesa zvakanyanya munhoroondo.
Zvakawanda zve "mhosva" yezita rakadai Christie imhaka yaHercules Poirot naMiss Marple. Vari vaviri vevatikitivha vane mukurumbira wenguva dzese uye inonyanyo kuzivikanwa nzira yaChristie. Zvakare, Poirot akazova iye chete munhu wekunyepedzera kugamuchira chinzvimbo mubepanhau. The New York Times, mushure mekuonekwa kwayo kwekupedzisira mu Keteni (1975).
Hupenyu hwaAgatha Christie muchidimbu
Agatha Mary Clarissa Miller akatanga kuona mwenje wezuva musi waGunyana 15, 1890, muTorquay, England. Aigara pachipfuva chemhuri yepakati yepakati mhuri. Akange ari kumba akadzidziswa panguva yehudiki hwake, panguva iyo yaakatanga kuita tsika dzekuverenga. Munguva yehudiki hwake akadzidza muParis uye akashanda semuzvipiri mukoti munguva yeHondo Huru.
Akange akaroora Archibald Christie pakati pa1914 na1928, waaive naye nemwanasikana wake mumwe chete, Rosalind Hick (1919 - 2004). Imba yake yechipiri yaive kune anozivikanwa archaeologist Max Mallowan. Naye, akabatana mukuchera kwakakosha kuMiddle East neNorth Africa (nzvimbo dzinowanzo kuburitswa muzvirongwa zvemunyori). Vaviri ava vakagara vese kusvika parufu rwaChristie muna Ndira 12, 1976.
Zvinoitwa zvebasa rake
Agatha Christie akatumira makumi matanhatu nenomwe matikitivha enganonyorwa, mabhuku matanhatu erudo uye nyaya pfupi gumi nemana (dzakasainwa pasi pezita raMary Westmacott). Eheka, huremu hwayo munhoroondo yezvinyorwa zvepasirese zvinopihwa nemupiro wayo mukuru kune mutikitivha. Iyo yaive nzira yakatangwa neyeye iconic muongorori Hercules Poirot na Iyo isinganzwisisike kesi ye Styles (1920).
Nekudaro - kunyangwe ichizivikanwa zvishoma zvishoma - mamwe mavara akagadzirwa naChristie haakwanise kufuratirwa. Izvi ndizvo zvakaitika kuna Miss Marple, vaviri veBeresford, Colonel Race, Captain Hastings uye Superintendent Battle, pakati pevamwe.. Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti Miss Marple naPoirot havambowirirana mune imwecheteyo novel.
Mabhuku anotamba naHercules Poirot
Keteni (1975), iyo inyanzvi nyaya inoguma nekufa kwemutikitivha ane mukurumbira
Iyo yeBelgian yakavanzika mutikitivha nyeredzi mumabhuku makumi matatu nematatu uye makumi mashanu enganonyorwa naAgatha Christie, ayo akaburitswa pakati pa33 na50.. Zvisinei nekusafarira uye kuneta kwakanzwika nemunyori weBritish kune hunhu hwake kubva pakati pemakore ekuma1930, akaramba kumuuraya. Chikonzero: veruzhinji vaida Poirot zvakanyanya uye munyori aifunga kuti ibasa rake kufadza vateereri vake.
Pakupedzisira mukati Keteni (1975) mutikitivha anofa nematambudziko emoyo. Kana, mushure meku "pira" kodhi yake yehunhu, iye nemaune anosiya mapiritsi ake pasingasvikike. Zvakanaka, Poirot inouraya akangwara manipulator asina kumboedzwa. "Vakaurayiwa" vakapara mhosva kwaari. Iri bhuku rakatanga kunyorwa makore makumi matatu nematanhatu risati radhindwa
Kuuraya kwaRoger Ackroyd (1926)
Izvo zviitiko zvinoitika mu King's Abbot (zita rekunyepedzera) uye zvinotaurwa na Dr. Sheppard, mumwe wevagari veguta diki. Ikoko, Mai Ferrars vari mukupererwa nezano mushure mekuuraya murume wavo uye kuve iye akabatwa noutsinye. Ipapo, mukadzi anoshungurudzika anofunga kuzviuraya uye anosiya tsamba kuna Roger Ackroyd - murume waanoda - maanoratidza izvo zvakaitika.
Asi Ackroyd akaurayiwawo uye munhu chete anokwanisa kujekesa chokwadi ndiPoirot, uyo ari kunakidzwa nekurega kwake basa kwaKing's Abbot. Nzira inonakidza yezviitiko inoguma nekushamisika iyo inoonekwa seinonyanya kushamisa pamanonyorwa aChristie.
Dzimwe nyaya dzine nyeredzi Hercules Poirot
- Iyo isinganzwisisike kesi ye Styles (1920).
- Kuuraya pane yegorofu (1923).
- Poirot anoongorora (1924).
- Makuru mana (1927).
- Chakavanzika chechitima chebhuruu (1928).
- Yega njodzi (1932).
- Poirot anotyora mutemo (1933).
- Kufa kwaIshe Edgware (1933).
- Kuuraya paMabvazuva Express (1934).
- Njodzi mumabasa matatu (1935).
- Kufa mumakore (1935).
- Chakavanzika chegwara rezvitima (1936).
- Makadhi ari patafura (1936).
- Kuuraya muMesopotamia (1936).
- Rufu paNire (1937).
- Chapupu chisingatauri (1937).
- Kuuraya paBardsley Mews (1937).
- Rendezvous nerufu (1938).
- Krisimasi inosuruvarisa (1939).
- Rufu runoshanyira chiremba wemazino (1940).
- Musipiresi wakasuruvara (1940).
- Zvakaipa pasi pezuva (1941).
- Nguruve shanu diki (1942).
- Ropa mudziva (1946).
- Basa raHercules (1947).
- Mafungu akakwirira ehupenyu (1948).
- Makonzo matatu mapofu (1950).
- Zviitiko zvisere zvePoirot (1951).
- Mai McGinty vafa (1952).
- Mushure memariro (1953).
- Kuuraya paHickory Street (1955).
- Iyo Nasse-Imba Tembere (1956).
- Katsi iri mu dovecote (1959).
- Kisimusi pudding (1960).
- Mawachi (1963).
- Musikana wechitatu (1966).
- Maapulo (1969).
- Nzou dzinogona kurangarira (1972).
- Mhosva dzekutanga dzaPoirot (1974).
- Miss Marple
Kana Poirot ari muongorori akachenesa anogadzirisa nyaya dzakaomarara munzvimbo dzeBritish Empire, kuferefetwa kwaMiss Marple kunoitirwa kumaruwa eChirungu. Kunyanya, Mhosva dzakagadziriswa nemukadzi akura wespinster dzinoitika muSt Mary Mead, guta diki rekufungidzira kumaodzanyemba kweEngland.
Pose, Christie akagadzira 13 enganonyorwa pamwe nenyaya dzinoverengeka pfupi dzakatarisana naMiss Marple. Iye anotsanangurwa seanodikanwa anochembera mukadzi akwegura, anofungidzira, anofarira zvirahwe uye ane ruzivo rwakawanda rwezvisikwa. Chaizvoizvo, ruzivo urwu rwunomutendera kuti abudise zvakavanzika zvisinganzwisisike kunyangwe kune vane ruzivo ruzivo kuScotland Yard.
Kufa muvicarage (1930)
Nenhau iyi, Christie anounza nyika kuna Miss Marple. Makanga muri October 1930, uye mufananidzo mukadzi sevaperekedzi venhau yetikitivha chaive chinhu chakaomera veruzhinji kugaya. Nekudaro, neiyo yatove yakareba uye ine zvibereko basa remunyori, mikova yakakandwa yakafara uye vaverengi muUK vakapa basa kugamuchirwa kunofadza. Zvakare muUS Agatha vaverengi vakapemberera kuuya kweuyu mutsva.
St Mary Mead ndiyo (yenhema) nzvimbo inoshanda senzvimbo yekuvandudza kwe Kufa muvicarage. Iyo chaiyo taundi reChirungu - rakanyatsotsanangurwa naChristie - iro inozununguswa neavo vakaurayiwa naLucius Protheroe. Mutumbi, nenzira isinganzwisisike, unoonekwa mukudzidza kwemuchinda. Zvese zvaigona kugadziriswa nekukasira, dai uyu munhu - mutongo werunyararo uye colonel aive pamudyandigere - vanga vasiri mumwe wevanhu vanovengwa kwazvo mutaundi rese.
Miss Marple nokudaro vanozviwana vari munzvimbo isina kujairika. Kwete chete kuti anofanira kubata nenyaya yekuti Protheroe aivengwa nevanhu vazhinji vemumusha, asiwo kuti mushure mekupondwa kwake, vanhu vaviri vanobvuma mhosva. Iye muongorori anogona chete kushandisa ruzivo rwake kunatsa runyorwa rwevanofungidzirwa kusvika pamanomwe. Chikamu chezvinowedzera kukakavara uye kurangana ndechekuti vicar iye ari mumwe wevanonzi vakapara mhosva. Mukupedzisira, senguva dzose mumanovhosi aChristie, vaverengi vanogamuchirwa nekushamisika.
Dzimwe nyaya dzaMiss Marple
- Miss Marple nematambudziko gumi nematatu / Mhosva dzaMiss Marple (1933).
- Chakavanzika cheRegatta nedzimwe Nhau (1939). Kuunganidzwa kwenyaya.
- Chitunha muraibhurari (1942).
- Mhosva yeasina kuzivikanwa (1943).
- Umhondi hwaziviswa (1950).
- Makonzo Matatu Mapofu nedzimwe Nhau (1950). Kuunganidzwa kwenyaya.
- Girazi rinonyengera (1952).
- Chishoma che rye (1953).
- Iyo 4: 50 chitima (1957).
- Iko Kunakidzwa kweKisimusi Pudding (1960). Kuunganidzwa kwenyaya.
- Chivi Chiviri uye Dzimwe Nyaya (1961). Kuunganidzwa kwenyaya.
- Mirror Yakatsemuka kubva Kurutivi kuenda Kurutivi (1962).
- Chakavanzika mumacaribbean (1964).
- Kuhotera yeBertram (1965).
- Nemesis (1971).
- Imhosva yekurara (yakanyorwa zvakatenderedza 1940; yakaburitswa mushure mekufa muna 1976)
- Miss Marple's Yekupedzisira Mhosva (1979). Kuunganidzwa kwenyaya.
Iye munyori anoyevedza, mabhuku ake inyanzvi uye nhaka yake haina chaiko uye inoshamisa.
-Gustavo Woltmann.