Robert Bolano
Mabhuku aRoberto Bolaño, nhasi, ari pakati peanonyanya kukumbirwa. Uye hazvishamisi, aive mumwe wevanyori vakatanhamara vepanguva iyoyo munyika inotaura chiSpanish. Basa rake, rakabva pane zvakaitika kwaari uye rinotsigirwa nemabhuku epachena, rakaputsa mafungiro epanguva yake. Izvi zvinobuda pachena Matikitivha emusango (1998), chinyorwa chakawedzera basa rake zvakanyanya, zvichimubvumira kuti awane kuzivikanwa kwenyika nepasirese.
Munyori weChilean akagadzira chinyorwa chakadzama chine mabhuku mazhinji —pakati pemanovhero, muunganidzwa wenhetembo, nyaya pfupi nenganonyorwa—, izvo, nhasi, zviri kuramba zvichitsikiswa. Rufu rwake, achiri mudiki we50, haruna kutadzisa vateveri vake kunakidzwa nezvakawanda zvezvinyorwa zvake, sezvo mamwe mabasa akabudiswa mushure mekufa kwake, senge rondedzero inoshamisa. 2666 (2004).
Mabhuku naRoberto Bolaño
Zano kubva kumudzidzi weMorrison kune fan Joyce (1984)
Ndiro bhuku rekutanga re Chilean munyori, uye yakanyorwa nemaoko mana neSpanish Antoni Gracía Porta (anonyanya kuzivikanwa seAG Porta). Yakabudiswa muna 1984 uye yakatsikiswazve muna 2006. Mukugadzirwa uku kwekupedzisira nyaya yevaviri yakabatanidzwa, inonzi "Diario de bar". Rondedzero iyi yakapihwa muna 1984 nemubairo weÁmbito Literario.
Zvinyorwa
mutumwa akasimuka Iye ijaya rinofarira mabhuku, zvinhu zvakanyanyisa, musikana wake Ana uye mimhanzi yaJim Morrison. The Barcelonan gara uchitenderedza manyawi nemumwe wako, musikana weku south american ari munhanho dzakaipa. Nyaya yomukadzi wacho yakakomberedzwa nechisimba, izvo zvinoita kuti Ros aite nharo pakati pemamiriro ezvinhu akadaro uye kunetseka pamusoro pebhuku raasina kukwanisa kupedza.
iyo ice rink (1993)
Rondedzero yekutanga yeiyi novhero yakaunzwa neFundación Colegio del Rey kuSpain, mushure mekuhwina mubairo weCiudad Alcalá de Henares. Panguva iyoyo yakanga ine nhamba shoma yemakopi, zvisinei, gore iroro yakabudiswazve muChile neEditorial Planeta. Iri ibhuku rechipiri rakatsikiswa ega nemunyori, mushure nzira yenzou (1984).
Makore gumi gare gare chinyorwa chechitatu chakaburitswa naSeix Barral uye chechina muna 2009 naAnagrama. Rinovhero rine seyaro huru mhondi, iyo inoburitswa nekutenda maonero akasiyana evatambi varo panyaya iyi.. Bolaño akataura kuti basa rake raitaura nezve: "runako, runogara kwenguva pfupi uye magumo arwo anowanzova nenjodzi".
Zvinyorwa
Muchivande ice rink muguta remahombekombe muCatalonia mhosva yakaitika. Kune dzakawanda shanduro chokwadi. Varume vatatu vemarudzi akasiyana (Mexican, Chilean neSpanish, zvichiteerana) vanotaura chiono chavo chemhondi mukutarisa. Detective in charge ane basa risiri nyore rekubatanidza madots yezvirevo kuitira kugadzirisa nyaya isinganzwisisike.
Matikitivha emusango (1998)
sezvataurwa, ichi ndicho chikamu chekorona. Rugwaro yakabudiswa muBarcelona muna 1998 neEditorial Anagrama label. Iri ibhuku rakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu zvinoitika pakati pa1976 na1996. Chikamu chekutanga nechechitatu—chakaiswa muMexico City muna 1975 uye mugwenga reSonora muna 1976, zvichitevedzana—zvinorondedzerwa nedhayari romumwe wevakakurumbira, Juan. García Madero.
Kana iri chikamu chayo, chitsauko chepakati muunganidzwa wezvipupuriro makumi mashanu nezviviri zvinopa rumwe ruzivo nezverwendo rwemakore maviri (52-1975) rwakaitwa naArturo Belano -alter ego yeBolaño- naUlises Lima -alter ego yanyanduri Mario Santiago Papasquiaro. —mukutsvaga kwake mudetembi Cesárea Tinajero. Izvi zvirevo makumi mashanu nembiri zvakaunganidzwa mumakore makumi maviri (pakati pa1876 na52). Iro bhuku pacharo mutero kune detembo kufamba kwe infrarealism -inonzi "visceral realism" mukati mechirongwa- nevateveri vayo.
Zvinyorwa
Vadetembi Belano naLima vanosarudza kuferefeta Cesárea Tinajero uye kuwana kwaaive, sezvo akatsakatika paivhu reMexico imwe nguva pashure peChimurenga. Iye ndiye mutungamiri we visceral realism poetic movementndezvavarume.
Kuferefeta hakusi nyore zvachose, uye kunotora makore maviri umo kunoitika nhamba yakati wandei yezviitiko zvakaomarara. Kana Belano naLima vachifunga kuti rwendo rwavo rwapera uye farira mubairo waunoda, nhamo yacho hunhu hwehupenyu hwevanhu anoita zvinhu zvake.
Chilean husiku (2000)
Inovhero yechinomwe yemunyori. Chinyorwa-chinobva parwendo rwe Bolano kuSantiago de Chile muna 1999-inorondedzerwa mumunhu wekutanga nemufundisi wekurudyi weOpus Dei, Sebastián Urrutia Lacroix. Mumashoko emunyori, iye akatsvaka kufungisisa: “… kushaya mhosva kwemupristi weCatholic. Hutsva hunoyemurika hwemumwe munhu uyo, nekuda kwekudzidziswa kwenjere, aifanira kunzwa kuremerwa kwemhosva ”.
Saizvozvowo, Bolaño akatsanangura rondedzero se: "... dimikira renyika isingafadzi, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu. Ndiwo dimikira renyika diki, nyika isinganyatso ziva kuti inyika here kana kuti nyika”.
Zvinyorwa
Nepo ecclesiastic urutia lay ari pamubhedha wevarwere, akarondedzera zviitiko zvakakosha zvehupenyu hwake. Pakati pezviitiko rwendo kuenda kupurazi re "Là Bas", zvidzidzo zvake muEurope mumakore makumi matanhatu uye kuungana kwaakaita nemunyori María Canales. Haasiye hurukuro dzeMarxism dzaakaraira kuna Augusto Pinochet uye Military Junta yeChile muna 1970.
Munguva yekutambudzika kwake, Urrutia akapinda mukurwadziwa kukuru, tembiricha yakakwira uye nekufungidzira, izvo zvinoita kuti afunge kuti huchave husiku hwake hwekupedzisira. Nyaya yake dzimwe nguva inomiswa ne "jaya rakwegura", iro rinogona kududzirwa sechiratidzo chehana yake. kana semweya wetsvina.
Antwerp (2002)
Rakadhindwa muBarcelona muna 2002, ibhuku rechisere nemunyori. Basa racho rakatsaurirwa kuvana vake: Alexandra naLautaro. Gore mushure mekubudiswa, mubvunzurudzo yepepanhau The Mercury, Bolano akati:
"Antwerp Ndinorifarira zvakanyanya, pamwe nekuti pandakanyora bhuku iri ndaiva mumwe munhu, pamusimboti vadiki uye pamwe vakashinga uye vari nani kupfuura zvino. Uye kushandiswa kwemabhuku kwaive kwakanyanya kupfuura nhasi, izvo zvandinoedza, mukati memimwe miganhu, kuve inonzwisisika. Saka handina kumbova nehanya nazvo kuti vaindinzwisisa here kana kuti kwete."
Zvakataurwa nomunyori zvinoratidza izvozvo basa rakaitwa kare kare. Izvi zvinogona kuonekwa zvakasimbiswa mune chinyorwa naBolaño mukati La Yunivhesiti isingazivikanwe (2007) — nhetembo dzepashure porufu—, apo anosimbisa izvozvo Antwerp Yakanyorwa muna 1980, paaishanda semurindi weusiku pamusasa weEstella de Mar, muCastelldefels.
Sobre el autor
Munyori uye mudetembi Roberto Bolaño akazvarwa Chipiri Kubvumbi 28, 1953 en Santiago de Chile. Akakurira mumhuri yakaderera yepakati. Baba vake, León Bolaño, akanga ari mutambi wetsiva uye mutyairi werori; amai vake, Victoria Ávalos, mudzidzisi. Hudiki hwake uye kuyaruka kwekutanga aigara munyika yake yekuzvarwa. Paakasvitsa makore 15, akatamira kuMexico., kwaakaenderera mberi nezvidzidzo zvake zvesekondari.
Muna 1975 akatanga. pamwe nevamwe vanyori vechidiki, kufamba kwenhetembo ye infrarealism. Nguva pfupi yapfuura, akaburitsa muunganidzwa wake wekutanga wenhetembo: reinvent rudo (1976). Makore masere gare gare akapinda mumhando yenovhero nemabasa Zano kubva kumudzidzi weMorrison kune fan Joyce y nzira yenzou (zvose muna 1984). Izvi zvakateverwa nemamwe magwaro, akadai se: Dzinodanana imbwa (1993), Nyeredzi iri kure (1996) uye Vatatu (2000).
Kutenda
Nekuda kwehungwaru uye mavambo emabasa ake, munyori akahwina mibairo inotevera:
- Felix Urabayen 1984 by nzira yenzou (1984)
- Municipal Institute of Literature yeSantiago muna 1998 yenyaya Kufona (1997)
- Herralde de Novela (1998) naRómulo Gallegos (1999) yenyaya iyi. Matikitivha emusango (1998)
- Salambó (2004), Altazor (2005) uye Time magazine Mubairo weyakanakisa novel yegore 2008 ye 2666 (2004)
Rufu
Bolano akafa musi weChipiri, Chikunguru 15, 2003 muBarcelona (Spain) nekuda kwekusashanda kwechiropa. Kunyangwe akasiya mabhuku akati wandei asina kupera, Imwe yeakanyanya kukosha ndeye, pasina kupokana, 2666. Iri ibhuku rakakura rakada kuburitswa nemunyori muzvikamu zvishanu. Zvisinei, mhuri yake yakasarudza kuiratidza sechinyorwa chimwe chete muna 5. Nhasi, 2666 Iri rimwe remabasa ake akatanhamara.