Vanyori veChile veChile

Vazhinji venguva ino vanyori veChilean vakasiya mucherechedzo wakakosha pamabhuku epasirese. Mumazana maviri emakore apfuura, nyika ino yeLatin America yakaona kuzvarwa kwevanyori vakakurumbira, vanozivikanwa pasi rese. Vanoverengeka vavo vakahwina mibairo yakakosha, seNobel Prize, iyo Gabriela Mistral naPablo Neruda vakave nerukudzo rwekugamuchira.

Kuburikidza nemhando dzakasiyana dzekunyora, Vanyori ava vakwanisa kutora mamirioni evaverengi kutenderera pasirese. Inoshanda se: Matikitivha emusango (Robert Bolano) uye Nhetembo makumi maviri dzerudo uye rwiyo rwekupererwa (Pablo Neruda) ivo vanongova chikamu cheiyo repertoire yenhaka hombe. Tevere, chikamu cheizvo zvinoonekwa sevanyori veChilean zvine simba guru pasirese zvicharatidzwa.

Gabriela Mistral

Lucila de María del Perpetuo Socorro Godoy Alcayaga akaberekwa musi waApril 7, 1889 muguta reVicuña (Elqui province, Chile). Akauya achibva kumhuri yakazvininipisa, aine chizvarwa cheSpanish neBasque. Hupenyu hwake hwaishandiswa munzvimbo dzakasiyana mudunhu reElqui, kunyangwe yaive Montegrande iyo yaakafunga kumusha kwake.

Kunyangwe asina kuita zvehunyanzvi, kubvira 1904 akashanda semudzidzisi, kutanga kuEscuela de la Compañía Baja, ndokuzoti kuLa Cantera neLos Cerritos.. Muna 1910 ruzivo rwake uye zvakaitika zvakasimbiswa neNormal School No. 1 yeSantiago, kwaakagamuchira zita rekuti State Professor.

Zvakafanana nebasa rake rekudzidzisa, akanyorera mapepanhau Iyo Coquimbo and in Izwi raElqui yeVicuña. Kubva muna 1908 akagamuchira zita rekunyepedzera Gabriela Mistral, yakashandiswa kekutanga munhetembo "Zvekare". Kuzivikanwa kwake kwekutanga kwakakosha kwakauya ne Soneti dzerufu, iyo iyo munyori weChilean akagamuchira mubairo weMitambo Yemitambo (1914).

Mukufamba kwayo, Mistral akagadzira mazana enhetembo, akaunganidzwa mukuumbwa kwakasiyana siyana. Izvi zvinosanganisira: Dongo (1922), notes (1938) uye Winery (1954). Saizvozvowo, munyori aizivikanwa nemabhaisiro akakosha, senge: Mubayiro weNobel weZvinyorwa (1945) uye Mubayiro weNational weZvinyorwa zveChile (1951). Mistral akafa muNew York nekenza yepancreatic muna Ndira 10, 1957.

Pablo Neruda

Ricardo Eliécer Neftalí Reyes Basoalto akauya pasi pano musi waChikunguru 12, 1904. Kwake kwaaigara kwaive Parral, mudunhu reMaule, Chile. Aive mwanakomana waJosé del Carmen Reyes Morales naRosa Neftalí Basoalto Opazo. Amai vake vakafa nechirwere cherurindi mwedzi mushure mekubereka mudetembi. Pablo Neruda - Sezvaaizodaidza gare gare— Akagara muTemuco kubva paudiki hwake kusvika paudiki hwake. Muguta iro akaita zvidzidzo zvake zvekutanga, uye izvi, gare gare, zvaive kurudziro yemazhinji emabasa ake enhetembo.

Chinyorwa chako chekutanga, Kushingaira uye kutsungirira (1917), yakaburitswa mupepanhau Mangwanani eTemuco. Makore maviri gare gare, akasangana nanyanduri Gabriela Mistral, uyo akamusuma pakuverenga akamukurudzira kuti azviriritire nemabasa nevanyori vane mukurumbira vekuRussia. Kubva 1921 akasaina mabasa ake saPablo Neruda, kunyangwe zvaive zvisiri kusvika muna 1946 pakaziviswa iri sezita rake repamutemo.

Muna 1924 akaburitsa muunganidzwa wenhetembo dzakamuendesa mukurumbira: Nhetembo makumi maviri dzerudo uye rwiyo rwekupererwa. Kubva ipapo, Akaratidza anopfuura makumi mana emabasa achiri mupenyu uye aine makumi maviri mabasa mushure mekufa. Mune rake basa, Neruda akapihwa kakati wandei, pakati pavo zvinotevera kumira pachena: iyo Chilean National Prize yeMabhuku (1945), iyo Lenin Peace Prize (1966) uye iyo Nobel Prize yeMabhuku (1971).

Neruda akaroora katatu. Mwanasikana wake mumwechete akazvarwa kubva kumuchato wake wekutanga, Malva Marina Trinidad, uyo akashaya achingova nemakore masere ekuberekwa nekuda kwehydrocephalus. Mazuva ekupedzisira ehupenyu hwaPablo Neruda akapedzerwa muSantiago, kwaakafira musi waGunyana 23, 1973. kubva kumberi gomarara reprostate.

Robert Bolano

Roberto Bolaño akazvarwa musi waApril 28, 1953 muSantiago de Chile. Uhu hwake hwakapfuura pakati peValparaíso, Viña del Mar neguta reLos Ángeles, kwaakapedza zvidzidzo zvake zvepuraimari. Pamakore gumi nemashanu akatamira kuMexico nemhuri yake. Munyika yeAztec akaenderera mberi nezvidzidzo zvake zvechipiri, iyo yaakasiya gore rakatevera kuti azvipire iye oga pakuverenga nekunyora.

MuMexico City, Bolaño akasangana nemudetembi Mario Santiago nevamwe vanyori vadiki. Boka racho rakagovana zvido zvekunyora, saka zvishoma nezvishoma vakave pedyo. Kubva hushamwari uhwu hwakazvarwa nhetembo kufamba kwe infrarealism, yakavambwa muna 1975. Kwapera gore, Roberto akaburitsa iro basa Reinvent rudo. Uyu muunganidzwa wenhetembo waive wekutanga wevatanhatu waakapa panguva yese yebasa rake, pamwe nemaviri edhisheni. Mabhuku ake anosanganisira: Dzinodanana imbwa (1993), Vatatu (2000) uye Yunivhesiti isingazivikanwe (2007).

Bhuku rake rekutanga, Zano kubva kumudzidzi weMorrison kune fan Joyce (1984), yakapihwa pamwe neiyo Literary Field mubairo. Nekudaro, uye kunyangwe aine rake rakareba basa, iro basa rakaburitsa munyori uyu mukurumbira raive rake rechitanhatu bhuku Matikitivha emusango (1998). Iyi nhoroondo yakamuita iye anokunda mubairo weHerralde de Novela (1998) -kutanga Chile kuti uigamuchire- uye iyo Rómulo Gallegos Mubairo (1999).

Roberto Bolaño akafa aine makore makumi mashanu muBarcelona (Spain), muna Chikunguru 50, 15, mushure mekutambura nekurwadziwa kwechiropa kwenguva yakareba. Munyori weChilean akasiya mabhuku mazhinji asina kupera, ayo akaburitswa makore mushure mekufa kwake. Iyo yehunyanzvi yakabuda mune iwo muunganidzwa, iyo novel 2666 (2004), iyo yaakakunda mibairo yakakosha seiyi: Salambó, Ciudad de Barcelona uye Altazor.

Alexandra Costa Magna

Alejandra Costamagna Crivell akauya pasi rose muna Kurume 23, 1970, muSantiago de Chile. Sezvo anga ari mudiki, aifarira kunyora, asi zvakatozoita kusvika pazera rekuyaruka kwake paakatora basa zvakanyanya. Mudzidzisi wake Guillermo Gómez aive nezvakawanda zvekuita nechishuwo ichi. Panguva iyoyo yehupenyu hwake akatanga kuverenga Mistral, Neruda, Shakespeare naNicanor Parra; vese vakamukurudzira.

Costamagna akadzidza utapi venhau kuDiego Portales University. Imwe nguva gare gare, akapedza degree raTenzi mumabhuku pane ino kambasi. Muhupenyu hwake hwese, akazvipira mukudzidzisa mabhuku, uye akashanda semupepeti, muongorori wemitambo uye munyori wezvemagazini emunyika.

Semunyori, akapa basa rake rekutanga muna 1996, Chinyararire, iyo yakawana zvirevo zvakanaka kwazvo ndokuhwina mubairo weGabriela Mistral Literary Games (1996). Costamagna yakapa zvinyorwa zvinobudirira, senge: Husiku hwakaipa (2000), Moto wekupedzisira (2005), uye Dzipfuwo mhuka (2011). Vatsoropodzi vanoverengeka vakasanganisira mamwe emabasa ake mune izvo zvinonzi Zvinyorwa zvevana.

Alberto fuguet

Santiago de Chile akaona kuberekwa kwaAlberto Felipe Fuguet de Goyeneche musi waMarch 7, 1964. Hwehudiki hwake hwakapedzwa muUnited States, uye zvakatozosvika muna 1975 paakadzokera kunyika yake. Akaganhurirwa nemutauro, munyori wenguva yemberi akatanga kuverenga mabhuku muchiSpanish kuti azvizive nerurimi rwaamai. Ndakareurura izvo Stationery naMarcela Paz yaive nesimba rakakura paari, iro rinogona kuoneka richiratidzwa mubhuku rake rekutanga.

Akadzidza kuYunivhesiti yeChile. Sarudzo yake yekutanga yaive basa mune zvezvematongerwo enyika, izvo zvaakadzidza kwegore, zvisinei, akabva achinjira kune utapi venhau, kwaakadzidza uye akapedzisira ave chimwe chezvaaida. Pamusoro pebasa rake semunyori, akavaka basa rinozivikanwa semunyori, munyori wenhau, munyori wezvekunyora, mumhanzi uye mutsoropodzi wefirimu. Iyo inozivikanwa nekuda kwesimba rayo pane vanyori venguva ino, yekubheja pane chaiwo mabhuku uye emumaguta.

Muna 1990 akapa nyaya yake yekutanga, Ovhadhozi, iyo yaakakunda iyo Mubayiro waMaspala weMabhuku eSantiago. Mwaka wakatevera akaburitsa inova yakamutungamira kuti abudirire: Wakaipa wave. Basa rake rinosimbisawo: Ingi tsvuku, bhuku rakagadziridzwa bhaisikopo muna 2000. Makore matatu gare gare, akaburitsa semi-autobiography inonzi Iwo mafirimu ehupenyu hwangu, matsva ake enganonyorwa ndeaya: Kwete ngano (2015) uye Ziya (2016).