The Jarama
The Jarama ibhuku rinohwina-mubairo wesangano reSpanish neorealist. Yakanyorwa negirama, nyanzvi yemitauro, munyori uye munyori Rafael Sánchez Ferlosio, uye yakatsikiswa kekutanga muna 1956 neDestino kutsikisa label. Mushure mekuburitswa kwayo yakahwina Mubairo weNadal, uye ikava referensi mukati memagariro echokwadi uye mabhuku epashure pehondo.
Hapana mubvunzo kuti Rafael Sanchez Ferlosio, munyori kubva kuchizvarwa che50, akanyora kutsoropodza kwakafukidzirwa kwegadziriro yezvamatongerwe enyika yenguva yacho, tichitaura nyaya isina kunyorwa iyo, panguva imwe cheteyo, ine ukoshi hukuru hwokunyora. Kune vatsoropodzi, ibasa guru, kune vaverengi, nguva dzose zvinoenderana nekuravira kweumwe neumwe.
Zvinyorwa zve The Jarama
Rangano repamusoro rine pfuma yakavanzwa
The Jarama Haigadziri nyaya yakaoma, kure nayo. Kana zvichidikanwa kutaura nezve kumashure, ino novel inowira pfupi, nekuti Pano hazvina kukosha zvinotaurirwa, asi nzira yazvinotaurwa nayo.. Chaizvoizvo, chirongwa ichi chinotenderera kune gumi nerimwe vechidiki kubva kuMadrid vari kugadzirira kupedza inopisa zhizha Svondo kumaruwa, pamberi perwizi runopa zita rayo kubhuku.
Iwo ma protagonists anoburuka kuzogeza mumvura dzayo uye nekudaro vanopedza kufinhwa kunoitwa neguta mavari. Panguva imwe, Iwe unogona kuona nyika mbiri dzinopokana, uko kirasi yekumaruwa neboka revashandi vanotarisana.. Kune maviri epakati marongero: Puente Viveros uye Venta de Mauricio, uye zviitiko zvinoitika mavari kweanenge maawa gumi nematanhatu izvo zvinopera munjodzi.
Chinangwa cherinovhero rinoita serakapfava kudaro nderei?
Mumashoko akafara zvikuru, Rafael Sánchez Ferlosio airatidzika kuva aida kuzivisa uye kuwedzera panzira yokutaura nayo yechiSpanish muma 50. Kutaura idi. Nhaurirano nekudyidzana pakati pevatambi zvakarumbidzwa nevatsoropodzi vane hunyanzvi kakawanda.. Izvi zvakonzera kuti zvinyorwa zvisanganisirwe mune rondedzero yezana renovhero akanakisa echiSpanish ezana ramakore rechi100 sekureva. Nyika.
Chimwe chezvikamu zvakakosha zvezvinyorwa ndezvekupfuura, uye The Jarama wazviwana thanks to maitiro ake chaiwo ekusataura chero chinhu, asi kuratidza zvese kuburikidza nenhaurirano. Mafungiro evanhu varo anonzwisiswa sezvavanotaura, uye ndizvo chaizvo apo kunaka kwechokwadi kwebasa iri kunowanikwa: nenzira iyo vanhu vanotaura nayo, mumatauriro avo ega ega.
Mufananidzo wetsika dzevanhu veMadrid
Chimwe chinhu chakakosha chinotsvakwa nemabhuku kuburitsa idialectics, hondo pakati pepfungwa mbiri dzinopikiswa nediametrically. The Jarama inokura mune ichi chinodiwa uye ichiendesa kune yakakosha pfungwa, nekuti Iyo novel yaida kuisa muenzaniso maererano nezvematongerwo enyika zvenguva yaro, nzira yehupenyu hwevanhu, uye, chokwadi, maitiro avo uye tsika.
Zvinogona kunzi, Kana izvo zvaunoda kuziva Spain muma50s, nguva yehondo yepashure uye kusaenzana, unofanirwa kuverenga. The Jarama. Kune rimwe divi, kana zvauri kutsvaga zviri ngano yakanaka, zviri nani kuita pasina bhuku iri, iro, kupfuura rondedzero, mutambo wehurukuro muchiSpanish, kuratidzwa kwekugadzira nhaurirano nemifananidzo.
Novel ine mazwi maviri (kana akawanda)
The Jarama Inotariswa pakuvaka zviitiko zvichibva panhaurirano dzevamiriri vayo, avo vakati wandei. Vekutanga ndivo vana gumi nemumwe vanogeza mumahombekombe erwizi, pavanenge vachitaura nezvemasutu avo nenguo dzokushambira, majee avanoita, hasha dzavanotakura, zvokudya, nezvimwewo.
Panguva imwe cheteyo, kurukurirano dzavakuru dzinoraviwa. Madingindira ekupedzisira, maneja ekutengesa, anotenderera nekutama, basa, dzimba, mhando dzemotokari dzavanoshandisa, zvichingodaro. Zviitiko zvisina mhosva ndicho chikonzero chakakwana chekuti Rafael Sánchez Ferlosio ape rusununguko kuhungwaru hwake hwemitauro, aine tsananguro yeruzha rwenyika idzo dzinovewo madimikira ekufamba kwenguva.
The Jarama inoputsa maumbirwo emabhuku akajairika
Chizvarwa che50s chaizivikanwa nekuvandudza uye kufambisa mabhuku kune nheyo dzaibvumira kutamba kwakawanda nemashoko, nemidzi shoma mukuoma kweGarcilasismo. Nechikonzero ichocho, vadetembi uye vanyori venguva iyoyo vaizivikanwawo nekugadzira mabhuku aitaura nezvehondo, nguva yepashure pehondo, kusaenzana kwevanhu, kufunga kwevanhuwo zvavo uye kusava nechokwadi kwevashandi.
Kunyangwe Rafael Sánchez Ferlosio achitaura aya madingindira nenzira yakapusa, anotarisa zvakanyanya pamhando yekunakidza kuverenga dambudziko. Pano, kunakirwa kunowanikwa muchinyoreso chemunyori, nenzira yake yekushandisa mazwi uye simbisa mazwi echinyakare uye kutaura kwakakurumbira, uko, kune vatsoropodzi, kunoramba kuri chikamu chinonyanya kukosha chebhuku.
Nezve munyori, Rafael Sánchez Ferlosio
Rafael Sanchez Ferlosio akaberekwa musi waDecember 4, 1927, muRome, Italy. Mwanakomana wemunyori Rafael Sánchez Mazas, akakurira pakati pendima, izvo zvakaita kuti aite. kudzidza Philology paFaculty of Philosophy uye Tsamba dzeYunivhesiti yeMadrid, umo akawanawo Ph.D yake. Munguva yehupenyu hwake aive weMadrid Linguistic Circle pamwe nevamwe vanyori, vakadai saAgustín García Calvo naCarlos Piera.
Saizvozvo, Akanga ari muvambi uye mushandirwi we Spanish Magazine pamwe chete nomudzimai wake wokutanga, Martín Gaite, kuwedzera kuna Ignacio Aldecoa, Jesús Fernández Santos naAlfonso Sastre. Vese vanyori ava vaive vana veItaly neorealism, yavakaburitsa mumabasa avo vari voga uye pamwe chete. Kunze kwaizvozvo The Jarama y Alfanhui, Rafael Sánchez Ferlosio anozivikanwa zvikuru nezvinyorwa zvake.
Zvimwe zvinyorwa naRafael Sánchez Ferlosio
Novelas
- Maindasitiri uye zviitiko zveAlfanhuí(1951);
- Uchapupu hwaYarfoz(1986).
Ngano
- "Mazino, pfuti, February" (1961);
- "Uye mwoyo unodziya" (1961);
- "The Snow Guest" (1982);
- “Nhoo yaJotamu” (1983);
- “Chigwere. Nyaya nezvimedu (2005).
rondedzero
- Mavhiki eGadheni, 2 vols (1974);
- Chero bedzi vamwari vasingashanduki, hapana chakashanduka (1986);
- Campo de Marte 1. Hondo Yenyika (1986);
- Mbeva homily (1986);
- Zvinyorwa uye zvinyorwa, 2 vols (1992);
- Mamwe makore akaipa achauya uye achatiita mapofu (1993);
- Vaya vakakanganisa uye vakatuka Yndias (1994);
- mweya nokunyadziswa (2000);
- Mwanasikana wehondo namai venyika (2002);
- Non-olet (2003);
- Castilian glosses uye zvimwe zvinyorwa (2005);
- Nezvehondo (2007);
- Mwari & Pfuti. polemology zvinyorwa (2008);
- Guapo nema isotopes ake (2009);
- Hunhu uye magumo. Zvinyorwa uye zvinyorwa zvakasarudzwa (2011);
- Zvedzimwe mhuka (2019);
- Nhaurirano naFerlosio (2019);
- Chokwadi chenyika (2020);
- Kurwisana nenzombe (2022);
- Madhongi akapfeka ma tracksuits (2023).