Tirso de Molina
Iye Anonyengera weSeville uye weDombo Guest Ndiyo imwe yemitambo yekufananidzira yeSpanish Golden Age. Yakatanga kuburitswa muna 1630 uye yakanzi naTirso de Molina. Nekudaro, chikamu chakakosha chevatsoropodzi nevanyori venhoroondo vevanyori baroque vanonongedzera kuna Andrés de Claramonte semunyori wechokwadi.
Paradzanisa makakatanwa maererano nemunyori, Don Juan, protagonist weiyi komedhi yezvipenga, ndiye anonyanya kusarudzika mumabhuku ese eCastilian. Inofananidzwa chete nemazita makuru (kubva kune mamwe materu) echimiro cheRomeo naJuliet, Oedipus, Achilles kana Sherlock Holmes.
Munyori?
Sezvataurwa mundima yekutanga, Iko hakuna kubvumirana kwemaitiro kana zvasvika pakuziva munyori we Iye Anonyengera weSeville uye weDombo Guest. Ipo paine pasina nharo zhinji dzekuramba Tirso de Molina semudzidzisi. Muchokwadi, zita rake chairo ndiFray Gabriel Téllez, kunyangwe, zviripachena, kuti aizivikanwa zvirinani neunyanzvi hwake.
Tirso de Molina
Aive anonamata kuSpain, ari weRoyal neMasoja Order yeMukadzi Wedu weMercy uye Rudzikinuro rweVakatapwa. Akazvarwa muMadrid munaKurume 24, 1579; Zuva rekufa kwake harina kunyatsojeka. Panyaya iyi, vadzidzi vazhinji vanoenderana muna Kukadzi 1648 senguva yekufa.
Rufu rwaTellez rungadai rwakaitika muAlmazán, manisiparari iyo nhasi iri chikamu chevanhu vanozvimiririra veCastilla y León Izvo hazvirambwe inhaka yake, nekuti basa rake rinoshamisa richiri kushanda nanhasi. Kunze kwe Iye Anonyengera weSeville uye weDombo Guest, anonzi anonzi Don Gil weiyo green leggings uye iyo hagiographic trilogy ye Iyo Santa Juana.
Kufungisisa comedies uye autos sakaramende
Zvinyorwa zvaTirso de Molina zvinozadzisa hunhu hwekuita. Sezvinei, munyori akaramba akatendeka zvese kusvika kunguva yenhoroondo maairarama, uye kune rake rekudaidzwa kwechitendero. Naizvozvo, icho chinhu chisina kukanganikwa mukati Iye Anonyengera weSeville uye weDombo Guest.
Kunze kwekukakavara uye kuseka, pakupedzisira hapana nzira yekunzvenga chirango chitsvene. Kunyangwe protagonist iye anozviziva (kunyangwe iye angazopedzisira atendeuka pazvivi zvake, haana pekutiza). Panyaya iyi, mune imwe yehurukuro dzake anosimbisa achiti: "hapana nguva yakatarwa isingasviki kana chikwereti chisina kubhadharwa."
Andrés de Claramonte: munyori "mumwe"
Andrés de Claramonte y Monroy aive akakurumbira mutambi wechiSpanish uye mutambi wemitambo, wepanguva yaTirso de Molina. Akazvarwa muMurcia munenge muna 1560, akafira muMadrid musi waSeptember 19, 1626. Pane maonero maviri akasiyana pakati peavo vanonongedzera kwaari semusiki wechokwadi waDon Juan.
Kune rimwe divi, kunyorwa kwe Iye Anonyengera weSeville uye weDombo Guest. Kune rimwe divi, vamwe vanyori venhoroondo - kunyangwe ivo vasingapikisane nekunyora kwaMolina rebasa iri - vanovimbisa kuti raivepo Saka wakareba unovimba neni. Yekupedzisira yaive komedhi yakanyorwa pakati pa1612 na1615, yakanzi naClaramonte.
Weft izere netangara
Panguva imwecheteyo, vamwe vanyori venhoroondo vanongedzera kuna Lope de Vega semusiki chaiye we Saka wakareba unovimba neni. Saka, nyaya yemunyori we Iye Anonyengera weSeville uye weDombo Guest Iyo tangle yakakodzera ma comedies evanyori vese ava. Nekudaro - pamwe - hakuzove nekupedzisira chibvumirano chekubvumirana chinogutsa maonero ese.
Pfupiso ye Iye Anonyengera weSeville uye weDombo Guest
Anonyengera weSeville.
Unogona kutenga bhuku pano: Anonyengera weSeville
Mutambo unotanga na Don Juan Tenorio, anokudzwa weSpanish uyo, achiri muNaples, anonyengera maDuchess Isabel. Paakawanikwa — uye mushure mekuteyiwa kwakawanda — mambo anorayira kuti abatwe, basa rakapihwa Don Pedro Tenorio, mumiriri weSpain kuna mambo.
Asi mumiriri weIberia haana mhedzisiro yakakodzera: uyo ane mhosva yekuzvidza chikomba chaDuke Octavia muzukuru wake. Mushure mekuifungisisa, anoirega ichitsvedza. Gare gare anopokana kuti hapana zvaaigona kuita nezve kugona kwejaya iri kusvetuka kubva mukamuri maakakwanisa kumuisa pakona kuminda yemuzinda.
Dzokera kuSpain
Don Juan, pamwe nemuranda wake Catalinón -Chahunhu anoita se `` izwi rehana, '' kunyangwe zano rake risingateererwi-- chikamu chakananga Seville. Asi asati apinda mudunhu reGuadalquivir, akapunzikirwa nechikepe kubva kumahombekombe eTarragona.
Kubva mutsaona anonunurwa naTisbea, mukadzi wehove. Pangopera Don Juan kupora, akabudirira kunyengedza mununuri wake. Nekudaro, varedzi vemusha vanotsamwa uye vanoronga kuranga kusekwa uku. Nekudaro, asinganzwisisike Don Juan anokwanisa kutiza zvakare, kwete asina kutanga atora mairi maviri akarerwa neakakuvara wekuzvidza iye.
Kutanga mira muSeville
Paakasvika muSeville, Mambo Alfonso XI akamutumira. Monarch yaiziva nezve hunhu hwakaipa hwechinhu chayo kune dzimwe nyika. Akatsunga kukurira kusagadzikana kwezvematongerwo enyika kwakaitika. Nechikonzero ichi, anomanikidza mutadzi kuti aroore musikana anetswa.
Asi kusati kwazadzikiswa kwezvishuvo chaizvo, Don Juan anonyengedza mukadzi mutsva: Doña Ana de Ulloa. Baba vake, pavakaona mhosva iyi, vanopokana nemunhu ane mhosva yekusvibisa zita remhuri yake kune duel. Zvino, protagonist inofanirwa kutora nyowani yekutiza mushure mekupedzisa hupenyu hweanomupikisa.
Chidzidzo chekupedzisira
Kure neguta guru reAndalusia, kuseka kwaDon Juan Tenorio hakuregi. Paanodzokera kuSeville, anofanira kusangana naDon Gonzalo de Ulloa zvakare. Iye mufi, zvino ashandurwa kuita chifananidzo, anokoka mhondi yake kuzodya. Muchiitiko ichocho, Don Juan anowana chirango chakakodzera chaMwari.
Mutsara weTirso de Molina.
Mukupedzisira, muenzi wedombo anomukwevera kugehena, zvisingaite uye asina kana kumupa nguva yekukumbira ruregerero rwaMwari.. Nenzira iyi, vese vasikana vanowedzeredzwa nezviito zveudyire uye zvisina hunhu zvemunhu mukuru, vanowana kukudzwa kwavo
A classic kupfuura mabhuku
Don Juan hunhu hune huwandu hwekumiririra uye kugadziriswa munhoroondo yese. Vanyori vakaita saMoliere, Pushkin, Jorge Zorrilla kana Alexandre Dumas, pakati pevamwe vazhinji, vanga vari mukutungamira kwekubatsira mukuzadzikiswa kwayo. Don Giovanni, opera ane mukurumbira weMozart ane libretto naLorenzo da Ponte, ariwo chikamu che "chikamu" ichi.
Kunze kwemabhuku, Don Juan (akafanana naOedipus) ane "chirwere" chake. Iko kuita kwekumanikidza kwekunyengedza kunokonzerwa nevarwere nevakadzi vasina kugadzikana. Saka, "Don Juan" chiratidzo chechokwadi chehunhu hwese, kudzokororwa kwavo kucharamba kuchienderera sekureba kwevanhu kuchiramba kuri kutonga zvisikwa pachiso chePasi.