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Pío Moa mawallafin Mutanen Espanya ne, mai bitar tarihi kuma marubuci. Wannan marubuci ya shahara da ayyukan da ya yi kan tarihin kasarsa, musamman abin da ya shafi karnin da ya gabata. Batutuwan da aka fi magana a cikin littattafansa sun shafi tsarin mulkin Franco, yakin basasa da Jamhuriyar Spain ta biyu. Moa ya kuma yi ishara da ƙungiyoyin siyasa daban-daban na wancan lokacin, da kuma yadda suka shafi ayyukan cikin gida na Spain.
A cikin shekaru, Pío Moa ya tara masu yawan zagi saboda layin tunani da yake bayyanawa a cikin ayyukansa. Duk da haka, ana ci gaba da daukar marubucin a matsayin babban jigon bita na tarihi na Spain, batu da ya taso tsakanin 'yan jarida, marubuta da masana tarihi tare da sha'awar sake rubuta abubuwan da suka faru tsakanin Jamhuriyar ta biyu da mulkin kama-karya na Franco.
Tarihin Rayuwa
Wanda ya kafa GRAPO
An haifi Luis Pío Moa Rodríguez a shekara ta 1948, a Pontevedra, Vigo, Spain. Ya karanta aikin Jarida a Makarantar Jarida ta Jami'a a Madrid. A lokacin kuruciyarsa yana daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa kungiyar ta'addanci na Marxist-Leninist da ƙungiyoyin dabi'ar Maoist na Antifascist Resistance Farkon Oktoba (GROUP).
Na dogon lokaci, wannan ƙungiya ita ce ƙungiyar soja ta Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci ta Spain, wadda aka sani da PCE. A zamanin Mowa kusa da wannan reshe mai dauke da makamai yana da alaka da hare-hare daban-daban kan kungiyar ta kasa.
Shigarsa a cikin abubuwan da suka faru na Oktoba 1975, XNUMX
Marubucin ya kuma shiga daya daga cikin hare-haren da aka kai a ranar 1975 ga Oktoba, 4, wanda ya yi sanadin mutuwar jami’an ‘yan sandan kasar XNUMX. An yi wannan jerin kisan gilla ne a matsayin ramuwar gayya kan hukuncin kisa da jam'iyyar Francoist ta aiwatar kan 'yan tawaye daban-daban.
An kashe mutane 5 daga bangarorin masu tsattsauran ra'ayi: uku wadanda aka kashe membobin kungiyar ta'addanci ta Basque (Euskadi Ta Askatasuna ko ETA), kuma sauran biyun sun kasance na Antifascist and Patriotic Revolutionary Front (FRAP).
Membobin GRAPO guda uku ne suka aiwatar da vendetta na anarchist, ciki har da Pío. Jami’an ‘yan sanda hudu da aka kashe a rikicin sun hada da: Agustín Ginés Navarro, Antonio Fernández Ferreiro Joaquín Alonso Bajo da Miguel Castilla Martín.
Ranar da aka kai harin Moa yana da guduma tare da shi, kuma wasu shaidu sun ce sun gan shi ya bugi daya daga cikin jami’an da ke sanye da rigar a cikin kwanyar. lokacin da ya riga ya mutu. Duk da haka, marubucin ya ci gaba da cewa irin wannan shaidar ƙarya ce.
Satar Emilio Villaescusa Quilis da sauye-sauyen Moa
A cikin 1977, Pío Moa yana cikin manyan jagororin sace Emilio Villaescusa Quilis - wani muhimmin memba na soja na ƙungiyar Francoist. Bayan wannan taron, an kori marubucin daga GRAPO. A cikin 1983, an same shi da laifin yin garkuwa da jami'in Quilis, kuma an yanke masa hukuncin daurin shekara guda a gidan yari. Duk da haka, ba a tilasta wa marubucin yin hukuncin daurin ba.
A matsayin hukunci, Dole ne Moa ya sake shigar da shi, kuma ya ɗauki matsayin akida kusa da Francoism. Tuni mai goyon bayan matsananciyar dama, Piño Moa ya yi aiki a matsayin darekta a cikin wallafe-wallafen jarida kamar maki (1988-1990) da jiya (1991-1993), ban da sauran cibiyoyi da aka sadaukar don koyarwa na Tarihin Mutanen Espanya.
Babban canjin akida na Pío Moa ya faru ne a kusa da binciken da ya yi kan jamhuriya ta biyu da kuma asalin yakin basasa. Ana iya samun abubuwan da ya yi a kan al'amarin a cikin mafi yawan ayyukansa na wakilci.
Littattafan Pío Moa
- Tunani kan ta'addanci (1985);
- Laifin batsa na Ateneo de Madrid (1995);
- Asalin yakin basasar Spain (1999);
- Halayen Jamhuriyar sun gani da kansu I (2000);
- Rugujewar Jamhuriyya ta Biyu da Yakin Basasa (2001);
- Al'ummar luwadi da sauran kasidu (2001);
- 'Yan adawa a lokacin Francoism. Juzu'i na 2: Na zamani da ƙasa (2002);
- Halayen jamhuriyar sun gani da kansu II (2002);
- Against ƙarya: Yaƙin basasa, hagu na kishin ƙasa da Jacobinism. (2003);
- Tatsuniyoyi na Yakin Basasa (2003);
- Littattafai masu mahimmanci akan yakin basasa (2004);
- Labari mai ban tsoro: Kataloniya da kishin kasa na Basque a cikin tarihin Spain na zamani (2004);
- Laifukan yakin basasa da sauran rigingimu (2004);
- 1934, yakin basasa ya fara: PSOE da Esquerra sun fara yakin (Pío Moa tare da haɗin gwiwar Javier Ruíz Portella, 2004);
- Federica Montseny ko matsalolin anarchism (Pío Moa tare da haɗin gwiwar Antonina Rodrigo García, 2004);
- 1936, hari na ƙarshe akan Jamhuriyar (2005);
- Franco, ma'auni na tarihi (2005);
- A kan balkanization na Spain (2005);
- Moncloa mai haske da sauran annoba (2006);
- Farar tarihin ci gaba: a cikin me kuma me yasa Beevor, Preston, Juliá, Viñas, Reig kuskure... (2007);
- Jamhuriyar da ta ƙare a yakin basasa (2006);
- Fassara na hagu, shiru na dama. Mabuɗan fahimtar tabarbarewar siyasar Spain ta yanzu (2008);
- Tafiya tare da Vía de la Plata (2008);
- Franco don anti-Francoists: a cikin mahimman tambayoyi 36 (2009);
- Dimokuradiyya ta nutse. Rubuce-rubucen kan Spain a yau (2009);
- Sabon tarihin Spain (2010);
- Canjin gilashin. Francoism da demokradiyya (2010);
- Spain da Spain (2012);
- Ihu da bugawa aka yi a ƙofar (2012);
- Rugujewar Jamhuriyya ta Biyu (2013);
- Basque da Catalan kishin kasa: a cikin yakin basasa, Francoism da dimokiradiyya (2013);
- kasidu masu rikitarwa (2013);
- Yaƙin Basasa na Sifen - 1936-1939— (2014);
- Tatsuniyoyi na Francoism. Bita mai zurfi na zamani mai mahimmanci (2015);
- Turai: Gabatarwa ga tarihinta (2016);
- Reconquest da Spain (2018).
Takaitaccen bayani kan fitattun ayyukan Pío Moa
Asalin yakin basasar Spain (1999)
A cikin wannan rubutu, Pío Moa ya yi imanin cewa littattafan tarihi na gargajiya ba su faɗi abubuwan da suka faru na Yaƙin Basasa da Jamhuriya ta Biyu a fili ba. Don haka, ya ɗauki aikin sake rubuta gaskiyar abubuwan biyu. A cewar marubucin, alqalaminsa ya ba da labarin ainihin abin da ya faru a waɗannan shekarun, da kuma sauye-sauyen da suka haifar da shi.
Tatsuniyoyi na Yakin Basasa (2003)
Daya daga cikin peculiarities ga wanda Tweet mun yana da rigima yana da alaƙa da me yawanci ya saba wa sauran masana tarihi da furofesoshi masu daraja a jami'o'in Spain. a Tatsuniyoyi na Yakin Basasa, wannan gaskiyar a bayyane take. Littafin ya bayyana abin da wasu marubuta da yawa suka ce game da tushen wannan muhimmin al'amari. Bugu da ƙari, ya ƙunshi jigogi da ba a kula da su ba, kamar: abin da zai iya kasancewa na Jamhuriyar Dimokuradiyya.
Tatsuniyoyi na Francoism (2015)
Ta cikin shafukan wannan littafi, Pius Moa yayi ƙoƙarin aiwatar da sake gina zamanin mulkin Franco. Hakanan, yana neman sake tsara adadi na Franco ta hanyar kwatanta. Don yin wannan, yana amfani da wasu 'yan siyasa na lokacin, kamar Churchill, Hitler, Adenauer, Mussolini ko De Gasperi. Haka nan marubucin ya dogara ne akan bincike don amsa tambayoyi daban-daban game da mulkin kama-karya.
