Wakoki daga Rosalía de Castro

Rosalía de Castro 'yar Spain ce wacce tuta zata kare tushenta, an haife shi a ranar 24 ga Fabrairu, 1837 a Santiago de Compostela. Marubucin yana da rayuwar da ta mamaye lokacin masifu; bayan da ta gamu da masifa irin su mutuwar yayanta kuma mahaifiyarta ta samu kwarin gwiwar kirkirar wasu labaran nata.

A lokacin wannan mawaƙin Sifen, an wulakanta yaren Galiciyanci, babu maƙerin ayyukan da za a karanta kuma marubuta ba su kusaci rubuta rubutu ta amfani da wannan yare ba. Rosalia de Castro shine mutumin da yake da aikin sanya adabin Galician ya fito, kuma hanyoyinsa don cimma hakan kyakkyawan aiki ne tare da haruffa. Ayyukansa sun yi wahayi zamani marubutan Galician.

Youthuruciyarsa da ilham

Rosalía ta rayu ba tare da mahaifinta ba, tunda shi firist ne wanda ya yanke shawarar ba zai gane ta ba, shi ya sa ta yi shekaru takwas na farkon rayuwarta a cikin wata ƙungiya a Galicia da ake kira Castro de Ortoño inda manoma da yawa ke rayuwa. Al'adun Galician da al'adunsu sune abubuwan da suka rinjayi ayyukan Rosalía de Castro.

Tun yana saurayi ya karanci karatun al'adu a Liceo de la Juventud, kamar kiɗa da zane; a waccan zamanin an dauke su abubuwan da suka dace da yarinyar shekarunta. Aurelio Aguirre mawaki ne wanda ya san ta a wannan zamanin kuma a cewar wasu masana tarihi suna da kyakkyawar dangantaka.

Yawancin labaran Rosalía sun samo asali ne daga waɗanda ake tsammanin suna son Aurelio Aguirre; duk da cewa gaskiyar cewa sun kasance da alaƙar soyayya ba a tabbatar ba. A shekara ta 1856 ya koma Madrid, shekara guda bayan haka ya wallafa jerin wakoki da aka rubuta cikin Sifaniyanci wanda ya tattara a cikin wani aiki guda mai taken Furen.

Ya sadaukar da mahaifiyarsa Teresa de Castro littafin wakoki wanda ake kira Zuwa ga mahaifiyata, wanda aka buga a 1863. Ya rubuta wakoki guda bakwai a ciki inda ya nuna irin tsananin wahala, rashin taimako da kadaici da yake ji na rasa wannan muhimmin abu a rayuwarsa.

Matrimonio

Littafin wakokinsa Furen ya kasance ga son Manuel Murgía, marubuci wanda Rosalía ta haɗu ta hanyar aboki. Wannan mutumin ya ɗauki nauyin de Castro ya ci gaba da sha'awar rubutu, har ma a waɗancan lokutan da mata ba su da muhimmiyar rawa a cikin al'umma.

Ba da daɗewa ba Castro ya auri Murgía. Matashi Rosalía tana da kimanin makonni takwas lokacin da aka yi bikin aurenta a ranar 10 ga Oktoba 1858, XNUMX.

Wani lokaci daga baya an haifi 'yarsa Alejandra, wanda ya biyo baya: Aura, Gala da Ovidio, Amar. Adriano wanda ya mutu a matsayin saurayi ta hanyar haɗari da Valentina wanda ya mutu kafin a haife shi; duk 'ya'yansa sun fito ne daga cikin yankin Galicia.

Yawancin wakilci suna aiki

Marubucin kusan ya fara ne daga farkon ƙirƙirar ayyukan da aka rubuta da yaren Galician, saboda babu tarihin labaru a cikin Galiciyanci. De Castro ya ƙaddamar da abin da ake kira Maimaitawa tare da littafinsa Wakokin Galizia (1863).

Marubuci Rosalía de Castro ya haɗu da karin waƙoƙi da waƙoƙin Galicia. Tushen ƙasarsa ya kasance mabuɗin halittar littafinsa na farko Wakokin Galizia, wanda ke da waƙoƙi talatin da shida inda zaku iya ganin soyayya, kusanci, ɗabi'a, jigogin zamantakewa da siyasa a kewayen wannan yankin.

A cikin 1880 ya sake rubuta wani aiki a cikin Galician da ake kira Kuna fuck novas, shi ne na biyu da aka rubuta a wannan yaren. Rosalía ya samar da waɗannan waƙoƙin ne a ƙarshen shekarun XNUMX da farkon XNUMXs. Labari ne da ya nuna cin zarafin mata, yara da aka yasar da kuma mutanen gari; mace mai ilimin adabi ta bayyana a cikin wannan aikin cewa ba za ta sake yin rubutu a cikin yaren Galician ba.

A bankunan Sar An buga shi a 1886Ita ce samarwa ta ƙarshe da marubucin ya yi kuma littafi ne mai waƙoƙi fiye da ɗari waɗanda a hanya guda ake haɗa su da manufa ɗaya. A cikin wannan aikin Rosalía ta fallasa abubuwan nata, kuma waɗannan suna cike da haɗewa da maza, baƙin ciki, bege, rashin jin daɗi da ƙaunar Allah.

Waɗannan rubuce-rubucen sun haifar mata da balaga a matsayin mutum da marubuciya, kyale shi a yi la'akari da shi ɗayan mahimman marubutan Mutanen Espanya na soyayya. Rosalía ta yi rashin lafiya tare da cutar sankarar mahaifa kuma ta mutu a ranar 15 ga Yulin, 1885 a Padrón, Spain, ta bar al'adun gargajiya a duk faɗin ƙasar.

Wakoki daga Rosalía de Castro

Anan ga wasu gutsutsuren wakilcin wakoki na Rosalía de Castro (an rubuta shi a cikin Sifaniyanci kuma an fassara shi zuwa gare shi):

Cantares Gallegos (fassara)

Barka dai, koguna; ban kwana, kafofin;

ban kwana, kananan rafuka;

ban kwana, ganin idona,

Ban san lokacin da za mu ga juna ba

Landasata, ƙasata,

- ƙasar da na girma,

karamin lambu wanda nake matukar kauna

itacen ɓaure da na dasa.

Padros, koguna, bishiyoyi,

Gurasan itatuwan fir da ke motsa iska,

kukan tsuntsaye,

kananan gidaje na abun ciki ...

Kar ka manta da ni, ya masoyi,

idan na mutu da kadaici ...

wasanni da yawa zuwa teku ...

Sannu da gida! Gidana!

Follas novas (fassara)

Kamar gajimare a sararin samaniya mara iyaka

yawon buda ido!

Wasu fari ne,

wasu kuma baki ne;

wasu, kurciya mai ladabi kamar ni,

suna korar wasu

walƙiya haske ...

Iskanin iska ya busa cikin tsawo

tuni an watse,

suna kama su ba tare da tsari ko hikima ba,

Ban ma san inda ba

Ban ma san dalilin ba.

Suna saka su, menene shekarun da suka gabata

burinmu

da fatan mu.

A bankunan Sar

Ta hanyar ciyawar ganye

cewa ji bar m jita-jita,

kuma tsakanin tekun undulating

kayan lambu,

ƙaunataccen gidan tsuntsaye,

daga tagogi na na gani

haikalin da nake so ƙwarai da gaske.

Haikalin da nake so sosai ...

Da kyau, ban san yadda zan ce idan ina son shi ba

cewa a cikin rudani yana girgiza wannan ba tare da jinkiri ba

tunani na ya girgiza,

Ina shakka idan mummunan fushi

yana zaune hade da soyayya a kirjina.

Rexurdimiento na haruffa na Galicia

Reexurdimiento Matakin da al'adu da haruffa na Galicia ke dawo da mahimmancin su a cikin Sifen, kuma Rosalía de Castro ita ce mace ta farko cikin wannan ƙungiyar.

Wani bangare na ofarfin aikin Rosalía ya kasance cikin wakiltar fiye da duk abin da ya bayyana mutanen Galicia,

Shekaru sun shude ba tare da samar da wani aiki ba a cikin yaren Galician, don haka bayan Rosalía sauran marubuta da yawa sun rubuta labarai cikin wannan yaren. Wasan kwaikwayo Wakokin Galizia fara wannan motsi kuma ya kasance a cikin zukatan jama'ar Galicia, domin har sun halarci ƙirƙirar wasu waƙoƙi tare.

Akidun da gwamnatocin Spain suka sanya a wancan lokacin sun yi watsi da mahimmancin al'umar Galicia, don haka a cikin shekarun da suka gabata ana nuna wariya ga membobinta. Duk da haka, Bayan aikin Rosalía de Castro ya iso, duk tunanin Galicia ya canza.