"Prosas profanas" bidi'ar Rubén Darío

Daya daga cikin manyan kyawawan halaye na Ruben Dario Sabuntawa da magana ne wanda ya gabatar da wakoki sakamakon godiyarsa ga abubuwan da ya kirkira a wannan fannin, wadanda ake ji dasu sama da komai a daya daga cikin ayyukansa, wanda ba wani bane face "Proane Prose". Wannan littafin, an shirya shi kuma an buga shi a karo na farko a Buenos Aires a cikin 1896, yana wakiltar nasarar zamani a cikin fasahar Rubendaria da kuma lokacin da take da yawa.

Kirkirar tazo mana daga taken kanta tunda da kalman karin magana tana nuni ne da wasu tsinkaye wadanda ake rera su a wasu Mass bayan an karanta Linjila kuma da kalmar bata suna tana musun kalmar farko da gangan, saboda haka yarda da wani jan hankali kuma a lokaci guda wani ƙi ga addini katolika na gargajiya.

Abubuwan da ke cikin littafin ya ci gaba da nuna mana bambanci masu ƙarfi tunda, a gefe guda, yana da hanyar aristocracy don tserewa daga gaskiyar zamantakewar da yake ƙi, a gefe guda kuma yana nuna zurfin damuwar jama'a, a cikin tsarkakakken salon ayyukansa na farko. A duk shafukan da suka kunshi "Prosas profanas" Darío yana tambayar duk abin da ya kewaye shi, kamar rayuwa da mutuwa, addininsa, waƙoƙin sa, fasaha ...

Baya ga kasancewar Sifen a kan wasu jigogi kamar su "Elogio a la Seguidilla" ko nassoshi ga Cid, da sha'awa batsa shine ɗayan manyan jigogi na aiki wanda mata ke kasancewa tare da abubuwa daban-daban na ɗabi'a: tsabtar kurciya, dabbar daji, haɗarin teku ...

Ba tare da wata shakka ba muna fuskantar ɗayan juzu'in waƙoƙin Hispanic, waɗanda suka canza gaba ɗaya bayan buga wannan fitacciyar.

Menene ma'anar farfaganda?

Karin magana Ruben Dario hakika wakoki ne na waka wanda shi kansa mawakin ya rubuta kuma suke da alaka da wata duniya mai ban mamaki da ban mamaki. A ciki, zaka iya sami sarakuna, sarakuna, jarumawa, jarumawa, da sauran mutane da yawa.

Littafin asali Prosas profanas an buga shi a Buenos Aires a cikin 1896, amma ba tare da taken da aka san shi yanzu ba, amma a matsayin "kalmomin liminal. Bugu da kari, ta kunshi wakoki 33 ne kawai da aka rarraba ta sassa bakwai (kowane daga cikinsu da wakoki da dama da ke ba da zurfin bangare na biyu).

Koyaya, marubucin bai gamsu da komai ba, kuma a Paris, a cikin 1901, Rubén Darío ya sake buga littafinsa na biyu, yana ƙara waƙoƙi guda 3 kuma ya canza sunansa. Tarihin wasu daga cikin wadannan wakoki sananne ne, kamar na "Blasón", wanda a zahiri ya rubuta shi a Madrid lokacin da ake bikin cika shekara XNUMX da Columbus; ko "Colloquium na centaurs", inda ya ƙare da shi a teburin a cikin La Nación inda wani ɗan jarida, Roberto Payró, ke rubuta labarin.

Ka tuna cewa ga Rubén Darío wannan littafin shine ɗayan mafi kyawun abin da yake rubutawa, Musamman saboda a wancan lokacin ya kasance a saman aikinsa a matsayin mawaƙi kuma duk abin da ya fito daga zuciyarsa yana da matukar nasara. Don haka, ana la'akari da cewa an rubuta shi a lokacin furannin marubucin. Shi da kansa ya ayyana shi azaman "Cikakken bazarar sa."

Dukansu Prosas profanas da Azul, shahararrun litattafan marubucin, sun kai ga asalin mawaqin zamani, kuma zaka ga yadda ake samun babban juyin halitta ta fuskar kamala da balaga, saboda haka yana daga cikin mahimman abubuwa.

Yanzu, menene ma'anar Proane Prose? Da kyau, a cewar marubucin, kowane daga cikin waƙoƙin, da dama a tsakanin su, sun kasance waƙa, murya ga jigogin da ya yi ma'amala da su a cikin aikinsa. Ko dai soyayya, kerawa, mata ... Kalmar ta "Prosas" an riga anyi amfani da ita a Zamanin Zamani kuma koyaushe suna magana ne akan waƙa a Latin wanda ya kasance haraji ne ga Waliyyai. A saboda wannan dalili, ya yi amfani da wannan kalmar yana ƙara kalmar "ƙazanta" don magana zuwa al'amuran duniya, ma'ana, rayuwar yau da kullun ga mutanen yau da kullun.

Amus ɗin da Rubén Darío ke amfani da shi

Rubén Darío yana ɗaya daga cikin mawaƙan mawaƙan zamani na zamaninsa. Kuma yadda ya bayyana kansa ya jawo hankali ga gaskiyar cewa ya kasance mai wayewa da kalmomi. A zahiri, duk da cewa wani lokacin basa iya fahimtarsa, nauyin abubuwan da maganganunsa suka sanya wakokinsa sun sanya mai karatu ko mai sauraro a wurin da yake so, yada abubuwan ji, ji, da sauransu. Don yin wannan, ya kuma ceci kalmomin da ba a amfani da su, waɗanda har yau ba a ƙara amfani da su ba, kodayake an san su. Muna magana, misali, na "algazara", kamar abin raɗaɗin muryoyi; ko "shove", fahimtar shi azaman turawa zuwa wani abu ko wani.

Waɗanne batutuwa ne Prosas Profanas yake hulɗa da su?

Rubén Darío duka aikinsa littafi ne wanda yake mai da hankali kan jigogi da yawa a cikin alkalaminsa, kamar su mata, soyayya, lalata, fasaha, damuwa, almara ...

Lokacin da ya tabo batun mata, duk ayoyin Rubén Darío da tunani suna mai da hankali kan bautar wannan mutumin, da jin kusancin ta da kuma da'awar tausayawa, mai taushi, mai daɗin so. Koyaya, a ɓangaren lalata, mawaƙi ya canza, ya zama mafi tsufa kuma ya mai da hankali kan jin jiki, buƙata, sha'awar jiki.

Tabbas, ba duk waƙoƙin ke ba da hankali ga waɗancan jigogi ba, Har ila yau, akwai damuwa ga ɗan adam, don mutuwa, abin da ke faruwa idan ya kusanci, har ma game da abubuwan ɓoye na ɗabi'a.

Game da tatsuniyoyi a cikin aikinsa, yana amfani da waɗannan halayen tatsuniya kamar suna nuna abin da marubucin kansa yake ji, "soyayya" ko kuma kawai waƙoƙin waƙoƙi na duniya kamar yadda yake gani. Ba wai da gaske littafin ya dogara ne da tatsuniyoyi ba, ko kuma kawai yana bayar da tatsuniyoyi ne ta hanyar waƙoƙi. A zahiri, abin da marubucin yake yi yana amfani da waɗancan ƙididdigar tatsuniyoyin ne, don haka ana ɗora musu alhakin ji da wakilci ga wasu, a cikin waƙoƙin nasa, don haka cimma burin da ya fi dacewa, mai da hankali kuma sama da kowane nau'in fassara ayyukansa.

A ƙarshe, game da taken duniya, yadda mutane suke hulɗa da juna, yadda suke rayuwa, marubucin ya danganta shi, a gare shi, ga waƙinsa, tunda shi ne mafi mahimmanci. A zahiri, akwai babban canji a cikin Rubén Darío tun Ya tafi daga zama mawaƙi wanda bai damu da cewa waƙoƙinsa suna da kuskure ko ba a fassara su daidai; don neman yawa daga kanka da kuma neman a cikin waɗancan ayyukan su dawwama har abada.

Menene duk waƙoƙin da suka tsara ta?

Kamar yadda aka fada a baya, bugun farko na Prosas profanas kuma na biyu ya sha bamban a hada, a karshe, na sabbin wakoki 3. Don haka, waɗanda suka kirkira littafin sune masu zuwa:

• Kalmomin liminal
• Karin magana (a matsayin yanki, mai dauke da waqoqi masu zuwa):
• Ya kasance iska mai laushi ...
• Ragewa
• Sonatine
• Blazon
• Daga filin
• Yabon bak'in idanun Julia
• Waƙar Carnival
• Don Cuba
• Don daidai
• bouquet
• Mai dadi
• garconniere
• Kasar rana
• Margarita
• Nawa
• In ji Mia
• Masu sanarwa
• Haka ne, ba haka bane
• Colloquium na centaurs (a matsayin yanki a cikin kansa). Ya ƙunshi waka Colloquium na centaurs na baiti 212.
• Ya bambanta (a matsayin ɓangare). Tare da waƙoƙi masu zuwa:
• Mawaki ya nemi Stella
• Portico
• Cikin yabon gudu
• Cisne
• Farin shafi
• Sabuwar Shekara
• Symphony a cikin Grey Major (tsoffin waƙoƙin da aka tattara duka).
• Kudin
• Epitalamium Barebari
• Verlaine (a matsayin ɓangare). Tare da waƙoƙi:
• Amsa
• Waƙar jini
• Archaeological hutu (a matsayin sashe). Tare da waƙoƙi:
• I. rieanƙara
• II. Mafi kyau
• Masarautar ciki (a matsayin yanki da waka).
• Abubuwan Cid (a matsayin sashi da waka).
• Dezires, layi da waƙoƙi (azaman ɓangare). Tare da waƙoƙi:
• Deziri
• Wani dezir
• lay
• Waƙa, loveaunar ba ta yarda da kirtani ba
• Yabo
• An watse biyu
• Amphoras na Epicurus (azaman sashi). Tare da waƙoƙi:
• Karu
• Maɓuɓɓugar ruwa
• Kalmomin izgili
• Tsohuwa
• Son ƙaunarku ...
• Zuwa ga mawaka masu dariya
• Ganyen gwal
• Marina
• Syrinx / Daphne
• Gyaramin gypsy
• Zuwa ga Jagora Gonzalo de Berceo
• Raina
• Ina bin hanya ...