Maganar Paloma Sánchez Garnica
Paloma Sánchez-Garnica marubuciya ce wacce ta yi suna a cikin manyan marubutan labarin Mutanen Espanya na sabon karni. Irin wannan sanannen ya samo asali ne na makirci masu tsauri da aka lullube cikin wani tazara mai ban mamaki kuma tana da alaƙa da abubuwan tarihi na ƙarni na XNUMX. Duk waɗannan fasalulluka da aka ambata suna da daɗi sosai a ciki Kwanaki na ƙarshe a Berlin, littafin da aka zaba don Kyautar Planeta 2021.
Sauran Halayen da babu makawa a cikin ruwayoyin marubuci daga Madrid shine kyakkyawan ginin haruffa wanda aka baiwa ɗan adam da zurfin tunani. A wannan yanayin, Yuri Santacruz, ɗan ƙasar Sipaniya-Rasha, wanda ke aiki a ofishin jakadancin Spain da ke babban birnin Nazi Jamus, nan take ya ɗauki hankalin masu karatu.
Analysis of Kwanaki na ƙarshe a Berlin (2021)
Wasu daga cikin abubuwan da suka faru na tarihi sun yi ishara da su a cikin labari
- Juyin Juya Halin Rasha (1917) da yakin basasa tsakanin Bolsheviks da masu adawa da juyin juya hali (1918 – 1920);
- Hawan mulkin Hitler a Jamus na Nazi (1932-1934);
- Kirimann, Daren fashe-fashe (1938);
- Barkewar yakin duniya na biyu (1939);
- Yawan yiwa mata fyade a lokacin da aka kewaye Berlin (1945).
Tunani na novel
A cikin wata hira da aka ba UNIR (Fabrairu 2022), Paloma Sánchez-Garnica ta bayyana cewa ra'ayoyin littafinta na takwas sun taso ne daga sha'awar. Duk da dimbin iliminsa na ilimi. ta ji bukatar kara fahimtar lokacin da aka bincika a ciki Kwanaki na ƙarshe a Berlin. Musamman a kan haka kalmominsa sun kasance kamar haka:
"Na yi sha'awar fahimtar wani lokaci a tarihi, yadda ’yan Adam kamar mu, talakawa masu rayuwar yau da kullum, suka gudanar da rayuwarsu a cikin wannan yanayi, da son zuciya da akida”. Don haka, Marubucin daga Madrid ya karanta adadi mai yawa na littatafai na sirri, bita da takaddun lokacin da littafinsa yayi magana akai.
Abubuwan intrastories da gina haruffa
Kwanaki na ƙarshe a Berlin Yana da m daya na soyayya da abota da suka faru a tsakiyar yakin yaki mafi girma na karni na XNUMX. A cikin wannan mahallin, duk dangantakar ɗan adam ta shafi, amma bege ya ƙare ya zama mafi mahimmanci fiye da ƙiyayya da fushi. Duk wannan ba tare da rasa wani iota na tarihin rigor halayyar marubucin Mutanen Espanya ba.
A cikin kalmomin Sánchez-Garnica, labari "tattaunawa ce ta musamman tare da kowane ɗayan haruffa kuma kun sanya ta taku - dangane da mai karatu - gwargwadon yanayin ku". Haka nan, marubuciyar ta yi imanin cewa jarumar tata ta faranta wa jama’a rai saboda hankalinta da kuma yadda ta iya kiyaye ka’idojinta na ɗabi’a ko da a cikin yanayi mafi wahala.
Wanda aka yi shiru
Ci gaban littafin ya fallasa yawancin fuskoki masu zubar da jini na gwagwarmayar tarihi. Da farko dai, a yakin duniya na biyu, ba a mutunta farar hula, wadanda, baya ga harin bam, suna fama da yunwa da azabtarwa. Misalin da ke da wakilci shi ne na 'yan gudun hijirar Berlin da suka je dibar ruwa daga maɓuɓɓugar jama'a a tsakiyar kewayen.
Wani abin takaici kuma shi ne wulakanci da wulakanci da aka yi wa mata. sun koma ganimar yaki ta sojojin mamaya. Da farko sojojin Jamus a Rasha ne suka aikata wannan ta'asar, sannan kuma - a matsayin ramuwar gayya - daga mayakan Rasha a Jamus. Dangane da haka, marubucin Mutanen Espanya ya bayyana haka:
"Dole ne matan su yi shiru, su yi shiru da bala'in da suka faru, don tarbar wadanda aka ci nasara. wulakantacce… don gudun kar a ƙi su, kuma a guji jin kunya a gabansu.
Takaitacciyar Kwanakin Ƙarshe a Berlin
Tsarin farko
Tun daga farko, ɓangarorin siyasa guda biyu masu adawa da juna waɗanda suka haifar da bala'i suna da kyau a cikin labarin: Ƙungiyoyin Nazi na Jama'a da Kwaminisanci na Stalin. A watan Janairun 1933 ne aka nada Hitler a matsayin shugaban gwamnatin Jamus.. A halin yanzu, manyan haruffa sun bayyana a cikin wani kusurwar soyayya na mutum mai mata biyu.
Bayan haka, Aikin ya koma shekara ta 1921, a birnin Saint Petersburg. Yuri Santacruz ya girma a can, ɗan wani jami'in diflomasiyyar Spain da wata mace 'yar Rasha daga dangin masu arziki da hangen nesa na Bolsheviks ya cutar da su. Don haka ’yan burguzawan Rasha ba wai kawai sun yi hasarar kayansu ba ne, an kuma kwace musu hakkinsu da tilasta musu gudu.
Burin Yuri
Veronica—mahaifiyar jarumar—da ƙaramin ɗanta ba su iya shiga jirgin da zai ba su damar barin yankin Rasha ba. Don haka, haduwar iyali zai zama dalilin rayuwa ga Yuri kuma bai yi jinkirin karbar aiki a ofishin jakadancin Spain da ke Berlin ba. A babban birnin Berlin zai kasance karkashin kulawar Eric Villanueva, sakataren tawagar.
Har ila yau, a Berlin Yuri ya sadu da Claudia Kaller da gangan (zai gano cewa ita matar babban jami'in SS ce). Daga baya, Santacruz ya haɗu da Krista, mace mai ban sha'awa wacce ke da digiri na likita. wacce aka kore ta bayan rashin adalci da aka yi wa abokan aikinta Yahudawa. Ta haka ne aka kafa triangle soyayya.
Matakan
Ko da yake Berlin ita ce babban wurin littafin, a wasu lokuta labarin ya koma Moscow kuma yana nuna Gulags mai ban tsoro. Daga karshe, Rayuwar Yuri ta kasance tana rataye a ma'auni yayin da yake neman mahaifiyarsa da kuma kaninsa a Rasha. A ƙarshen littafin, Switzerland ta fito a matsayin wurin da za a iya sake haifuwa.
Kamar yadda al'amuran ke faruwa, shan kashi na Jamus ya fito fili ta mahangar matan Jamus da waɗanda aka raunanar. Don haka, saitin bala'o'i da bala'o'i sun bayyana a fili a kowane lokaci cewa mulkin kama karya cuta ce mai kisa ga al'umma.
Game da marubucin
Paloma Sanchez-Garnica
An haifi Paloma Sánchez-Garnica a Madrid, Spain, a ranar 1 ga Afrilu, 1962. Kafin ta ba da cikakken lokaci ga rubuce-rubuce, ta yi aiki na shekaru da yawa a matsayin lauya. A hakika, Tana da digiri a fannin Shari'a da Geography da Tarihi. Na ƙarshe ya bayyana sosai a cikin ƙwarewarsa na batutuwan da suka shafi ƙwaƙwalwar tarihin Mutanen Espanya da Turai.
Duk da haka, Madrilenia dole ne ya jira har sai ya girma don ya iya cika mafarkin sadaukar da kansa ga babban sha'awarta: rubuce-rubuce. Daga karshe, A cikin 2006, gidan wallafe-wallafen Planeta ya buga fasalinsa na farko, Babban arcanum. A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, ƙaddamar da Iskar gabas (2009), Ruhun duwatsu (2010) y Raunukan guda uku (2012).
Tsarkakewa
Littattafai huɗu na farko na Paloma Sánchez-Garnica sun sami kyakkyawan bita daga masu suka, manyan lambobin edita, da kyakkyawar liyafar jama'a. I mana, nasarar Sonata na shiru (2012) ya nuna sauyi a cikin aikin marubuci Iberian lokacin da aka daidaita shi zuwa ƙaramin allo ta TVE. An watsa shirye-shirye tara na wannan silsila gabaɗaya.
A cikin 2016, marubuci daga Madrid ya buga Ƙwaƙwalwata ta fi ƙarfin mantawar ku, lashe labari na Fernando Lara Prize. Nasarorin sun ci gaba da sakin Tuhumar Sofia (2019), wanda labarinsa ya nuna ta'aziyyar marigayi Francoist Spain da cikakkun bayanai game da ƙarshen Yaƙin Cold a Berlin.