The Jarama
The Jarama labari ne wanda ya sami lambar yabo na ƙungiyar Neorealist ta Spain. Mawallafin nahawu, masanin harshe, marubuci kuma marubuci Rafael Sánchez Ferlosio ne ya rubuta shi, kuma an buga shi a karon farko a cikin 1956 ta lakabin buga Destino. Bayan fitowarta ta ci lambar yabo ta Nadal, kuma ta zama abin tunani a cikin gaskiyar zamantakewa da littattafan yaƙi bayan yaƙi.
Babu shakka hakan Rafael Sanchez Ferlosio, marubuci daga tsarar 50, ya rubuta suka a lullube akan tsarin siyasar lokacin, yayin da yake ba da labari mara rubutu wanda, a lokaci guda, yana da ƙimar adabi mai girma. Ga masu suka, babban aiki ne, ga masu karatu, koyaushe ya dogara da dandano na kowane mutum.
Takaitawa game da The Jarama
Makirci na zahiri tare da boyayyun taska
The Jarama Ba ya haɓaka labari mai rikitarwa, nesa da shi. Idan ya zama dole a yi magana game da baya, wannan labari ya ragu sosai, saboda A nan ba shi da mahimmanci abin da aka faɗa ba, amma hanyar da aka faɗa.. Ainihin, makircin ya shafi matasa goma sha ɗaya daga Madrid waɗanda ke shirye-shiryen ciyar da ranar Lahadi mai zafi a cikin karkara, a gaban kogin da ya ba da suna ga littafin.
Jaruman sun sauko don yin wanka a cikin ruwanta kuma ta haka suna rage gajiyar da garin ke haifarwa a cikinsu. A lokaci guda, Kuna iya ganin duniya guda biyu masu gaba da juna, inda ajin karkara da masu aiki ke fuskantar juna.. Akwai saitunan tsakiya guda biyu: Puente Viveros da Venta de Mauricio, kuma abubuwan da suka faru sun faru a cikin su na kusan sa'o'i goma sha shida da suka ƙare a cikin bala'i.
Menene manufar irin wannan labari mai sauƙi?
A cikin maɗaukakiyar sharuddan, Rafael Sánchez Ferlosio ya zama kamar yana so ya sanar da fadada hanyar yin magana da Mutanen Espanya a cikin shekarun 50. A gaskiya ma, Tattaunawa da mu'amalar da ke tsakanin jaruman sun sami yabo daga kwararrun masu suka a lokuta da dama.. Wannan ya haifar da shigar da rubutun a cikin jerin mafi kyawun litattafai 100 a cikin Mutanen Espanya na karni na XNUMX bisa ga Duniya.
Ɗaya daga cikin muhimman abubuwan da ke cikin wallafe-wallafen shine wuce gona da iri, kuma The Jarama ya cim ma ta godiya salonsa na musamman na rashin fadar komai, sai dai ya nuna komai ta hanyar tattaunawa. Ana fahimtar ilimin halin ɗan adam yayin da suke magana, kuma yana nan daidai inda ainihin kyawun wannan aikin yake: a cikin hanyar da mutane ke magana, a cikin ainihin maganganunsu.
Hoton kwastan na mutanen Madrid
Wani muhimmin al'amari da adabi ke neman haskakawa shine yare, yaƙi tsakanin ra'ayoyi biyu masu adawa da juna. The Jarama yana tasowa a cikin wannan buƙatu kuma yana ɗaukar shi zuwa wani muhimmin batu, saboda Littafin novel ya so ya kafa tarihi dangane da siyasar zamaninsa. hanyar rayuwar mutane, kuma, ba shakka, dabi'u da al'adunsu.
Ana iya cewa, Idan abin da kuke so shi ne sanin Spain a cikin 50s, lokacin yakin bayan yaki da rashin daidaito, kuna buƙatar karantawa. The Jarama. A gefe guda, idan abin da kuke nema shine almara mai kyau, tabbas yana da kyau a yi ba tare da wannan littafin ba, wanda, fiye da labari, wasan lacca ne a cikin Mutanen Espanya, nunin yadda ake ƙirƙirar tattaunawa da hotuna.
Littafin labari mai muryoyi biyu (ko da yawa)
The Jarama Yana mai da hankali kan gina abubuwan da suka faru a kan tattaunawa ta manyan jaruman ta, waɗanda suke da yawa. Na farko su ne yara goma sha daya da suke wanka a gabar kogin, yayin da suke magana game da kwat da wando, da barkwanci da suke yi, da fushin da suke ɗauka, da abinci, da dai sauransu.
A lokaci guda kuma, ana karanta maganganun manya. Jigogi na karshen, masu sarrafa tallace-tallace, sun shafi shige da fice, aiki, gidaje, nau'ikan motocin da suke amfani da su, da sauransu. Abubuwan da ba su da lahani sune cikakkiyar uzuri ga Rafael Sánchez Ferlosio don ba da damar yin amfani da hankali ga ilimin harshe, tare da kwatancin waƙoƙi na ƙasashe waɗanda, bi da bi, misalai na wucewar lokaci.
The Jarama karya tsarin tsarin littattafan gama gari
Ƙarshen 50s an halicce shi ta hanyar ƙirƙira da motsa wallafe-wallafe zuwa tushe wanda ya ba da damar ƙarin wasa da kalmomi, tare da ƙananan tushe a cikin rigidity na Garcilasism. A dalilin haka. mawaka kuma marubutan wancan lokacin sun shahara wajen kirkiro ayyukan da suka shafi yaki, lokacin bayan yaƙi, rashin daidaituwar zamantakewa, tunanin jama'a da rashin jin daɗi na ma'aikata.
Ko da yake Rafael Sánchez Ferlosio ya yi magana da waɗannan jigogi ta hanya mai dabara, ya fi mai da hankali kan wani nau'in ƙalubalen karatu mai ban sha'awa. Nan, jin daɗin yana cikin alƙalamin marubucin, ta hanyar amfani da kalmomi da kuma haskaka ƙamus na gargajiya da shahararrun maganganu, waɗanda, ga masu suka, ya ci gaba da kasancewa mafi mahimmancin ɓangaren littafin.
Game da marubucin, Rafael Sánchez Ferlosio
Rafael Sanchez Ferlosio an haife shi a ranar 4 ga Disamba, 1927, a Roma, Italiya. Dan marubuci Rafael Sánchez Mazas, ya girma tsakanin sakin layi, wanda ya sa shi yi karatun Philology a Faculty of Falsafa da Wasiƙu na Jami'ar Madrid, wanda kuma ya samu digirin digirgir (Ph.D). A lokacin rayuwarsa ya kasance a cikin Circle Linguistic Circle na Madrid tare da wasu marubuta, kamar Agustín García Calvo da Carlos Piera.
Hakazalika, Ya kasance wanda ya kafa kuma mai haɗin gwiwar Mujallar Mutanen Espanya tare da matarsa ta farko, Martín Gaite, ban da Ignacio Aldecoa, Jesús Fernández Santos da Alfonso Sastre. Duk waɗannan marubutan 'ya'yan neorealism na Italiyanci, waɗanda suka gabatar a cikin ayyukansu kadai kuma tare. Baya ga The Jarama y Alfanhui, Rafael Sánchez Ferlosio an fi saninsa da rubutunsa.
Sauran rubutun Rafael Sánchez Ferlosio
Novelas
- Masana'antu da Kasadar Alfanhuí(1951);
- Shaidar Yarfoz(1986).
Tatsuniyoyi
- "Hakora, gunpowder, Fabrairu" (1961);
- "Kuma zuciya tana dumi" (1961);
- "The Snow Guest" (1982);
- "Garkuwar Yotam" (1983);
- "The gecko. Labari da gutsutsutsu (2005).
labarai
- The Garden Weeks, 2 vols (1974);
- Matukar alloli ba su canza ba, babu abin da ya canza (1986);
- Campo de Marte 1. Rundunar Sojan Kasa (1986);
- Mouse homily (1986);
- Kasidu da labarai, 2 vols (1992);
- Wasu munanan shekaru za su zo kuma za su sa mu zama makafi (1993);
- Waɗanda ba daidai ba kuma sun la'anci Yundiya (1994);
- rai da kunya (2000);
- Diyar yaki kuma uwar kasa (2002);
- Ba-olet (2003);
- Castilian glosses da sauran kasidu (2005);
- Game da yakin (2007);
- Allah & Gun. polemology bayanin kula (2008);
- Guapo da isotopes (2009);
- Hali da kaddara. Kasidu da zaɓaɓɓun labarai (2011);
- Na wasu dabbobi (2019);
- Tattaunawa da Ferlosio (2019);
- Gaskiyar kasar (2020);
- Hatsarin bijimi (2022);
- Jakuna a cikin wando (2023).