Izithombe: UGuillermo Aguirre, iphrofayili ye-Facebook.
UGuillermo Aguirre Ungowase-Bilbao kodwa uhlala eMadrid futhi usebenza njengomhlaziyi wemibhalo, kanye nokuba ngumlobi we-Ámbito Cultural kanye nomxhumanisi wezifundo e-Hotel Kafka. Kulokhu okubanzi ingxoxo Ukhuluma nathi ngakho Inkalankala ethile, inoveli yakhe yakamuva, nokunye okuningi. Ngibonga kakhulu ngokunikela ngesikhathi senu, umusa kanye nokunaka kimi.
UGuillermo Aguirre - Ingxoxo
- ACTUALIDAD LITERATURA: Inoveli yakho yakamuva inesihloko inkalankala ethile. Usitshelani ngakho futhi umqondo wavelaphi?
UWilliam Aguirre: Yindaba ka-a iqembu lentsha, kusukela eminyakeni eyi-12 kuye kweyi-18, naseBilbao ekupheleni kweminyaka yamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye, nakuba isakhiwo esimaphakathi sisebenza ikakhulukazi ngomunye wabo: iCangrejo. Bonke bangabafana abashiya isikole bangene emgwaqweni. Sinokwehluleka ngezingxenye ezilinganayo: ukwehluleka kwemizwelo, ukuhluleka kwemfundo yasekhaya kanye nemfundo ehlelekile futhi ekugcineni ukwehluleka kobudlova njengendlela yokufeza izinto. Sebethi iyinoveli abanokhahlo, abangayekethisi, abanodlame futhi nangomqondo othile wokuhlekisa.
Inhloso yayiwukuthi ukuze bakwazi ukuchaza kangcono labo abasakhulayo abaphuma ebhodweni, izinkanuko zabo, izisusa zabo, indlela yabo yokucabanga, yokuhlupheka, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo beka umfundi kancane endaweni yomphakathi: senzani ngabo? Ingabe siyabasindisa, ingabe siyabalahla? Siwabeka kuphi? Umbono ngokwawo awukho kangako vuka, kunalokho kwaba. Bengiqonde lokho Ngangisemusha walabo, futhi lapho uphila okuhlangenwe nakho okuthile, kubonakala kuyisibopho ukubatshela uma unethuba.
Enovelini ngakha a itulo eliqanjiwe elizungeze uchungechunge lodlame nobugebengu lokho akwenzekanga, noma okungenani akwenzekanga kimi, kodwa inhloso yokugcina ukuveza ngemuva kwezici engizazi mathupha, nezivuselela umsebenzi, ezingakhuluma ubuso nobuso nentsha enezinkinga, umzali osemusha onezinkinga, noma yisiphi isakhamuzi esinelukuluku lokwazi ngalolu hlobo lwecala kanye nobusha obuseceleni B, ukusho kanjalo. Kwalabo abahamba ohlangothini olusendle lwempilo.
- AL: Ungabuyela kuleyo ncwadi yokuqala oyifundile? Nendaba yokuqala oyibhalile?
GA: Ngicabanga ukuthi bekumayelana Umoya emihlamvini, noma mhlawumbe kwe Peter Pan. Okungenani lezo kwakuyizincwadi zokuqala engazifunda ngaphandle kosizo noma ngaphandle kwenkampani, futhi ezazingagcwele izithombe. Angikhumbuli kahle iminyaka yami, kodwa ngikhumbula ngizifunda kwelinye igumbi elihlukile kwelami umkhulu, ukuze ngilale eduze kwekamelo likamama (ngesaba ebusuku). Ngiyakukholwa lokho Kwaba ngenxa yalokho kwesaba ebusuku nokungakwazi ukulala okwaba khona isithakazelo esikhulu sokufunda..
Ngaleso sikhathi kumele ngabe ngafunda incwadi ebizwa Abafana bakaPal Street, nguFerenc Molnár, okuyisihloko esaziwa kancane kunezangaphambili, mayelana nezingane okwathi ekuqaleni kweminyaka engama-XNUMX zilwela indawo engenamuntu endaweni ngamatshe. ngiyayithanda. Mhlawumbe lokho nakho kunento yokwenza nakho inkalankala ethile: Ukuthakasela ubumnyama, abanobudlova, i-antihero yinto eholela u-Crab ukuthi ahlangane nababi emsebenzini. Ngakho-ke qaphela lezo zinto ezibhalwe phansi, ngoba kokubili sindisa futhi ulahle.
Kunoma ikuphi, ukunaka omunye umbuzo, indaba yokuqala engaqala ukuyibhala kwakumshini wokubhala kamkhulu, owawunamakhasi ayingxenye ye-greyhound. Kwakuyindaba egcwele ukungapeli kahle lapho abantu abathathu behlela emthonjeni futhi lapho bathola impucuko entsha lapho izilwane zikhuluma futhi ziphile njengathi, nalapho abantu benza njengezilwane ezifuywayo. Yebo angizange ngiqede, futhi angikwazanga ukusho ukuthi kuphetha kanjani, ngoba bengizokwenza cishe iminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye, noma kunjalo, kodwa usekhona ekhaya. Ngezinye izikhathi ngiyithola kufolda yobuntwana, ngakho ngiyazi ukuthi ikhona, noma ukuthi yayikhona.
- AL: Umbhali oyinhloko? Ungakhetha ngaphezu kweyodwa nakuzo zonke izinkathi.
GA: Ngicabanga ukuthi ziningi kakhulu izikhathi zokuba nombhali oholayo kuzo zonke. Uma ufuna ngizokutshela izincwadi ezithile zezikhathi ezahlukene ezingiphawule kakhulu: imbongolo yegolide, ka-Apuleius. umhlahlandlela, El Adolphe nguBenjamin Constant, I-Adventures ye-Huckleberry Finn o Moby Dick… Nge umhambi, ngu-Colette, sesivele singena ekhulwini lama-XNUMX, futhi lapho izinto ziqala ukuphindaphindeka kakhulu ngokuphathelene nababhali nababhali engibathandayo noma engibathandayo: Forster, U-Evelyn Waugh, lo enokhahlo, uMargaret I-Yourcenar, wonke amaRoth futhi, isikhathi esithile manje U-Annie Ernaux noma uVivian Gornik…maningi kakhulu ekhulwini lama-XNUMX.
Ababhali abayizinhloko: uLawrence Durrell, uLe Carré noTerry Pratchett. Abafani ngaphandle kwesiNgisi, futhi ngisho nalapho, ngoba u-Durrell wachitha impilo yakhe yonke ezama ukuthusa amaNgisi ngokusekelwe ezigebengwini zaseMedithera ezingavamile, kodwa hey. Baphakathi kwababhali engibathandayo: owokuqala ngolimi lwabo, owesibili ngezindaba zabo, owesithathu ngowokuhlekisa.
- AL: Yimuphi umlingiswa osencwadini obungathanda ukuhlangana naye futhi umakhe?
I-GA: Ngokwezinga elithile, kuyinkimbinkimbi ukuphendula lokhu ngaphandle kokubuyela ezimpendulo zangaphambilini: ubani obengeke afune ukudala Peter Pan? Noma ixoxo elihle elihlekisayo elivela Umoya emihlamvini? Umama wangiqamba ngegama lomlingiswa osezincwadini zezingane: UGuillermo Brown, noma i-Naughty, eyakhiwe ngu-Richmal Crompton. Ubani obengeke afune ukudala uWilliam Brown?
Mina, uma kufanele ngihlangane nothile, ngikhetha noma yibaphi abalingiswa kusukela ekufundweni kwami kwasebuntwaneni kuya kuMadame Bovary noma engingabazi, kunokuba ngithole u-Holden Caulfield, ngokwesibonelo, lowo Umzingeli ku-rye… Ngiyalidlula lelo dwala. Kumelwe kube imilingo kakhulu ukudala into engena ekhanda lengane kakhulu. Futhi kakade, kungani ukuhlangabezana nabo? Engingathanda ukuthi ngikwazi ukuba yilabo balingisi ngemali ekhokhwayo.
- AL: Yimiphi imikhuba noma imikhuba ekhethekile uma kukhulunywa ngokubhala noma ukufunda?
GA: Ngiyabhala ngimile kancane, ngoba nginovalo kakhulu futhi ngibhema kakhulu. Ngafunda futhi ngimile, emaphaseji nokunye. Kwesinye isikhathi ngiyahlambalaza uma ngibhala, noma ngijikijela inhlamba ngingenzi lutho. Khululeka ingqondo yakho, lokho.
- AL: Futhi indawo yakho oyithandayo nesikhathi sokwenza?
GA: Hhayi-ke, ngisemncane ngangicabanga ukuthi kuhle kakhulu ukubhala ebusuku, into embi yokudakwa. Bekubukeka kukuhle, kepha awubhalanga lutho olubi. Eminyakeni eminingi edlule ngashintsha isimiso. Ngibhala ekuseni kuphela (uma ngibhala, ngoba ngihlehlisa okuningi), futhi uma kungenzeka ukuthatha ikhofi ubisi olunamabala. Yebo, uma kunjalo, ntambama ngafunda. Noma cha.
- AL: Ingabe zikhona ezinye izinhlobo ozithandayo?
GA: Yebo. Angazi kahle nokuthi ingeyaluphi ubulili inkalankala ethile, isibonelo, njengoba nakuba inamanoveli amaningi emigwaqweni nezinye izinto ze-kinky kanye neqiniso elincane elingcolile, ibuye ibe nefantasy eningi, ngoba umlingisi oyinhloko (I-Crab) iphinda iphrinte inganekwane mayelana neqiniso leBilbao eminyakeni yamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye. umcabango wakhe siqu, futhi kanjalo ubona isikole njengenqaba yenkathi ephakathi, noma ukuba khona kwakhe emapaki evikela owakhe njengokungathi useRoma lasendulo futhi eyisikhulu sikaKhesari. Mina gustan amanoveli athile omlando, njenge Mina, uClaudio, futhi ngalapho.
Ngithanda futhi i-costumbrista gothic fantasy, uShirley Jackson roll. Ngiphinde ngithanda, njengoba kubonwe ngaphambili nguLe Carré, i uhlobo lwenhloli, (Ngisikisela Imvukuzane). Incane inoveli yempi, kodwa umuntu kufanele ayifunde okungenani kanye Abahamba ze nabafileyo, kusuka ku-Mailer.
Ngayithanda kakhulu ngesikhathi esisodwa izindaba zama pirates noma ulwandleFuthi ngifunde kakhulu. Western (Ngincoma u-Oakley Hall noMcCarthy). Isibonelo, encwadini yami yokugcina, Izulu osithembise lona, ngazama ukuletha uhlobo lwaseNtshonalanga eSpain ngeminyaka yama-Eighties, nakwenye inoveli edlule, Leonardo, kwakukhona phakathi nokungathembeki kwezithandani namuhla indaba yesigebengu. Noma kunjalo, ngithanda ukudlala ngezinhlobo ezahlukene lapho ngibhala futhi. Yinto esiyenzela ukuzijabulisa, thina esingenayo imali kulo mdlalo owuchungechunge.
- AL: Ufundani manje? Futhi ukubhala?
I-GA: izinto eziningi kakhulu ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngenxa yokuthi ngivula izincwadi eziningi, ngifunda ngendlela engasile, engcolile, neyasiphithiphithi. Manje nginakho ekufundeni igagasi elikhulu, ngu-Albert Pijuan, EPennsylvania, nguJuan Aparicio Belmonte, Ulethe umoya nawe, nguNatalia Garcia Freire, okunye kungumoya, nguJuan Gómez Bárcena kanye Esitokisini kwakunokhanyikhanyi, nguJulia Viejo.
Kuyaqondakala ukuthi ngakho konke engikufundayo, kanye nephromo yakho inkalankala ethile, okwamanje angibhali lutho. Ngisezinhlelweni zokuvumela imibono izinze, kodwa ngidlala ngokubuyela entshonalanga yesimanje, kulokhu ngisebenza nesithombe seRedneck kodwa eCastilla y León (ikhona), noma indaba yezinhloli ze-mileurista, abangani, uthando kanye nomhawu ophambene womlingani. Kuzofanele ubone.
- AL: Ucabanga ukuthi indawo yokushicilela ikuphi futhi yini ethathe isinqumo sokuthi uzame ukushicilela?
GA: Yebo, uma ubhala ufuna ukufundwa. Ngakho-ke wonke umuntu obhalayo ufuna ukushicilela, akukona kakhulu ukuthi unquma noma cha. Woza, ufuna ukushicilela kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isimo sokushicilela sinjani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuthiwa bekulokhu kuyinkinga, kodwa indawo yokushicilela akudingeki ibe yinto yabalobi, ngicabanga, noma okungenani ingabi ngaphezu kwalokho. Zonke izikhova ezincane emnqumweni wakhe. Kusukela ku-panorama yokushicilela abashicileli abakhathazeka ngayo, ababhali bazobhala.
- AL: Ngabe isikhathi senhlekelele esibhekene naso sinzima kuwe noma uzokwazi ukugcina okuthile okuhle ngezindaba ezizayo?
GA: Ngesikhathi senhlekelele, isigameko sokushicilela senzeka kancane, akunjalo? Kusukela ngo-2008 sisuka komunye siya komunye, kubukeka sengathi le nkinga ibilokhu ikhona, woza. Ngivame ukusho lokho umbhali ungufakazi kancane emhlabeni. Akazelanga ukuzoyilungisa, kunalokho uzoyibuka futhi ayilandise ngokusemandleni akhe, ngakho-ke ezinkingeni kuhlale kune-bait yokubhala. Kodwa kukhona futhi ukuphikisana okuthile: ngokubhala, ukungqubuzana nokuntuleka ngokuvamile kuyinto enhle, kodwa lapho sekuphelile futhi umuntu ebhala ekude, umuntu usenayo indlela yokubeka ukudla etafuleni nokufudumala ama-pinreles akhe.