Umberto Echo ushone ngosuku olufana nanamuhla 2016 eMilan. Ubeyisazi semiqondo kanye noprofesa eNyuvesi yaseBologna futhi engomunye wababhali abadume kakhulu base-Italy. Impumelelo yakhe ezwakala kakhulu futhi engakaze ilingane Igama le-rose. Ukuyikhumbula lapho iya khona Ukukhethwa kwemishwana nezingcezu Ngomsebenzi wakhe.
Umberto Echo
Wathola iziqu zakhe zobudokotela ifilosofi waseNyuvesi yaseTurin, ithesis yakhe yayithi The Aesthetic Problem in Saint Thomas, futhi kwakuyintshisekelo yakhe emcabangweni UThomas Aquinas kanye namasiko enkathi ephakathi nawo ayewubonisa emsebenzini wakhe, ewubonisa ngokugcwele Igama le-rose. Kuyo, ngaphezu kwesilungiselelo ngaleso sikhathi noma ukusetshenziswa kwesiLatini kwezinye izingxenye, kwakuhlanganisa okungaphezu kwe-solvent ukwakhiwa kabusha komlando futhi i ukuthinta amaphoyisa lokho kwamholela ekuzuzeni impumelelo emhlabeni wonke nokuthi akazange aphinde.
Eminyakeni eyisishiyagalombili kamuva wakhipha I-pendulum kaFoucault, eyayifuna nokwethulwa ngamandla afanayo emhlabeni wonke futhi yahunyushelwa ezilimini eziningana. Kodwa akazange abe nenhlanhla efanayo, ngisho nabagxeki noma nabafundi. Abazange baphumelele Isiqhingi sosuku lwangaphambili, esevele ishicilelwe ngawo-90s, noma amanoveli akhe alandelayo.
Waklonyeliswa ngendondo Imiklomelo yeNkosana yama-Asturias ngonyaka we-2000.
Umberto Eco - Ukukhethwa kwemishwana nezingcezwana
Ukwelashwa kwama-semiotic ajwayelekile
- I-Semiotics empeleni iyisiyalo esifunda yonke into engasetshenziswa ukuqamba amanga. Uma kukhona into engeke isetshenziselwe ukuqamba amanga, ngokuphambene ngeke isetshenziselwe ukukhuluma iqiniso: empeleni ayikwazi ukusetshenziselwa "ukukhuluma" noma yini nhlobo.
Ubuciko nobuhle kuma-aesthetics asendulo
- Ebhekene nobuhle obubolayo, okuwukuphela kwesiqinisekiso sisebuhleni bangaphakathi, obungafi.
Isiqhingi sangezolo
- Kodwa injongo yendaba iwukufundisa nokujabulisa, futhi lokho esifundisa kona kuwukubona izingibe zomhlaba.
I-pendulum kaFoucault
- Kunezinhlobo ezine zabantu kulo mhlaba: ama-cretin, iziwula, izihlakaniphi, nezihlanya. AmaCretin awakhulumi nokukhuluma; bayaconsa, bayakhubeka. Iziwula zifunwa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi emicimbini yokuzijabulisa. Babangela amahloni wonke umuntu, kodwa banikeze izinto zokuxoxa. Iziwula azisho ukuthi amakati ayakhonkotha, kodwa akhuluma ngamakati lapho wonke umuntu ekhuluma ngezinja. Bacasula yonke imithetho yengxoxo, futhi lapho becasula ngempela, bahle kakhulu. Izilima azizenzi izinto ezingalungile. Izizathu zakho zokuzenza azilungile. Njengomfana othi njengoba zonke izinja ziyizilwane ezifuywayo futhi zonke izinja zikhonkotha futhi amakati ayizilwane ezifuywayo, ngakho-ke, ngakho-ke amakati ayakhonkotha.
- Noma yiliphi iqiniso libaluleka uma lixhunywe kwelinye.
- Ngikholelwa ukuthi sonke isono, uthando, inkazimulo yilokhu: lapho wehla amashidi afakwe amafindo, uphunyuka endlunkulu yamaGestapo, futhi uyakugona, ulengiswa lapho, futhi ekuhlebela ukuthi ubelokhu ephupha ngawe. Okunye ubulili nje, ukukopishana, ukuqhubeka kwezinhlobo ezimbi.
Igama le-rose
- Mhlawumbe umsebenzi walowo othanda amadoda uwukubenza bahleke ngeqiniso, bahlekise iqiniso, ngoba okuwukuphela kweqiniso lihlanganisa ukufunda ukuzikhulula ekushisekeleni okuhlanyayo kweqiniso.
- Uthando lunemiphumela ehlukahlukene kakhulu; kuqala kuthambisa umphefumulo, bese kuyawugulisa… Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuzwakala umlilo weqiniso wothando lwaphezulu, futhi kukhale futhi kukhale, futhi kufana netshe elishiswe kuhhavini, futhi liyancibilika futhi likhothwe amalangabi.
- Izincwadi azenziwanga ukuze sikholwe ezikushoyo, kodwa ukuze sizihlaziye. Lapho sithatha incwadi, akufanele sizibuze ukuthi ithini, kodwa ukuthi isho ukuthini.
- Ayikho into ethatha nebopha inhliziyo ukudlula uthando. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, lapho ingenazo izikhali zokuzibusa, umphefumulo uyacwila, ngenxa yothando, ekujuleni kwamanxiwa.
- Usathane akayona inkosana yendaba, usathane uyimpakamo yomoya, ukholo olungamamatheka, iqiniso alikaze lithintwe ngokungabaza.
- Yinye kuphela into ejabulisa izilwane ngaphezu kokuzijabulisa, futhi lokho ubuhlungu. Ngaphansi kokuhlushwa unjengokungathi ungaphansi kwalawo makhambi aveza imibono.
I-Baudolino
- Iyini impilo uma kungesona isithunzi sephupho elidlulayo?
- Qaphela, angikuceli ukuthi ufakaze lokho okubona kungamanga, okungaba yisono, kodwa ukufakaza ngamanga lokho okukholelwa ukuthi kuyiqiniso.
- Akukho okudlula ukucabangela eminye imihlaba ukuze ukhohlwe ukuthi umhlaba esiphila kuwo ubuhlungu kangakanani.
- I-rhetoric iwubuciko bokusho kahle lokho umuntu angenaso isiqiniseko sokuthi kuyiqiniso, futhi izimbongi zinomsebenzi wokuqamba amanga amahle.