Ubufakazi besikhathi esingaqinisekile
Ubufakazi besikhathi esingaqinisekile yincwadi ebhalwe nguNobhala Jikelele wangaphambili we-NATO, usopolitiki waseSpain, usopolitiki, isazi sefiziksi kanye nomlobi uJavier Solana. Umsebenzi washicilelwa ngo-Okthoba 25, 2023 yindlu yokushicilela i-Espasa. Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, wawina uMklomelo we-XL Espasa kanye nama-euro angu-30.000 ngokuhlonipha ikhwalithi yevolumu ayeyidalile. Abamele uphawu bamemezele ukuthi kwakuyincwadi ebalulekile yokuqonda izenzakalo zomlando ezifanele.
UPedro García Barreno, uNativel Preciado, uLeopoldo Abadía, u-Emilio del Río noPilar Cortés—bonke abahluleli base-Espasa—bafike esiphethweni sokuthi Ubufakazi besikhathi esingaqinisekile Ukufunda okunconyiwe kubo bonke abafisa ukuqonda izehlakalo ezilethe umphakathi womhlaba lapho okhona namuhla. Le ncwadi ihlaziya, ngaphezu kwakho konke, amashumi amathathu eminyaka edlule.
Amazwibela we Ubufakazi besikhathi esingaqinisekile
Kusukela ukuwa kodonga kuya ekuhlaselweni kwe-Ukraine
Njengoba umbhalo ongezansi ubonisa, Ufakazi wesikhathi akuqinisekile ihlanganisa imikhawulo eyavela kusukela ekwindla I-Berlin Wall phakathi no-1989 kwaze kwaba yimpi yamuva nje phakathi kweRussia ne-Ukraine, eyaqala ngo-2022. U-Javier Solana uhlola izenzakalo ngokombono womuntu obukele ongakhethi, kanye nofakazi, wezenzakalo eziholela umphakathi womhlaba wonke ukuba wenze izinqumo ezingathinta ikusasa leYurophu kanye nokwelashwa leli zwekazi eligcinayo. ozakwabo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbhali ayigcini nje ngokuxoxa indaba, kodwa ikhombisa ukubaluleka kwezinye izehlakalo ezithile ngekusasa lokusebenzisana phakathi kweRussia neNtshonalanga nayo yonke iYurophu, kanye nenkinga engenzeka phakathi kobudlelwano phakathi kwe-United States neChina. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uJavier Solana uhlaziya ukuthi izoba yini indima yamazwe aseYurophu uma lokhu kungqubuzana nokungezwani kuba kubi nakakhulu, nokuthi singatholakala kanjani isisombululo sezingxabano.
Ubufakazi obukhethekile bokwaziswa komhlaba esiphila kuwo
Ngenxa yokuqeqeshwa kwakhe, isikhundla sakhe kanye neminyaka yakhe, u-Javier Solana ube ngufakazi oqondile wezenzakalo eziye zashintsha futhi zaphawula umlando wamazwe amaningi emhlabeni: lawo asempini namuhla, kodwa nalawo anqobile. Ngaleyo ndlela, Umbono wakhe ngezehlakalo zezombangazwe ezithinta umphakathi kabanzi usube nenani elikhulu. kwezinhlaka zomphakathi.
Emakhasini okuqala encwadi yakhe, uJavier Solana uthi Ubufakazi besikhathi esingaqinisekile Akuyona incwadi yomlando noma umbhalo wethiyori yezombangazwe.https://www.actualidadliteratura.com/nos-quieren-muertos-javier-moro/ Umbhali uchaza umsebenzi wakhe njengokulandisa ngenkathi eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ehlanganisa ukuwa koDonga LwaseBerlin kanye nokuhlasela kweRussia e-Ukraine. Isici salesi sihloko sitholakala ekutheni silandiswa ngokubuka kombhali, ngokubona kwakhe izehlakalo lapho naye ethole ithuba lokubamba iqhaza.
Abadlali abane abakhethekile
Nakuba kungeyona i-biography, Ubufakazi besikhathi esingaqinisekile Iqoqa izinkumbulo ezikhethekile kakhulu empilweni yombhali, nakuba zonke zihlobene nezenzo zomlando ezibaluleke kakhulu. Kulolu hlelo kukhona abalingisi abane, Ngokusho kwakhe zibalulekile manje njengoba zazibalulekile ngesikhathi kuwa udonga. Laba balingiswa abane yilawa: China, United States, Russia kanye ne-Europe.
Ngokunjalo, kukhona nabanye abalingisi okuthi nakuba bengebona abalingiswa, kodwa ababalulekile ekuqondeni umongo womsebenzi. Umbhali uyachaza ukuthi umhlaba udlula kwesinye sezikhathi ezinzima kakhulu, nokuthi kuwumsebenzi wazo zonke izinhlangano ukwenza izinqumo ezingcono kakhulu zezepolitiki. Kulokhu, uJavier USolana uzizwa enesibopho sokubamba iqhaza elibonakalayo nokuba negalelo emfundweni yomlando koquqaba ukuze amaphutha abalulekile angaphinde enziwe.
Kusukela kumthandi wesayensi kuya kosopolitiki wamazwe ngamazwe
Esinye sezigaba ezithinta imizwa kakhulu Ubufakazi besikhathi esingaqinisekile ithi “Kusuka kwisayensi kuye kwezombusazwe”, lapho umbhali uxoxa indaba enelukuluku lokuthi wasuka kanjani ekubeni ngumfundi wePhysical Science waya ekubeni ngomunye wosopolitiki ababaluleke kakhulu eSpain. ezingeni lamazwe ngamazwe. Umlobi wayenezingxabano eyunivesithi yasezweni lakubo, ngakho wathuthela e-United Kingdom ukuze afunde isiNgisi. Lapho, waya ezingxoxweni zeningi eziningi nge-Physics nezinye izici zolwazi.
Emuva eSpain, wanquma ukuthuthela e-United States ukuze ayofunda noNicolás Cabrera, omunye wezazi zefiziksi ezihamba phambili emhlabeni ngaleso sikhathi. Ngenkathi ethatha izifundo zakhe, Ube nethuba lokubamba iqhaza emashini emelene neMpi yaseVietnam kanye nezinye izinhlaka zenhlalo nezepolitiki zezwe laseMelika.. Waphila nokufa kukaMongameli Kennedy kanye nokufa kukaFranco. Kusukela lapho, Ubufakazi besikhathi esingaqinisekile yethula izehlakalo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile nezithokozisayo.
Mayelana nombhali, uFrancisco Javier Solana
UFrancisco Javier Solana de Madariaga wazalwa ngo-1942, eMadrid, eSpain. Ufunde iPhysical Sciences eComplutense University of Madrid, lapho abeseqale khona izifundo zeChemical Sciences angazange aziqede. Ngo-1964 wajoyina iSpanish Socialist Workers Party (PSOE). Lesi sakamuva sasingekho emthethweni ezweni, ngakho umlobi wayehileleke “ezinqubweni eziphambene nomthetho” ngaleso sikhathi. Ngo-1965 wathutha wayofunda e-United States.
UJavier Solana uthole i-Fulbright Foundation, ngenxa yalokho Wafunda emanyuvesi amaningana e-USA, kuhlanganise nelinye lamanyuvesi aphambili esifundazweni saseVirginia.. Lapho, wahlangana futhi wabambisana nesazi sesayensi yemvelo uNicolás Cabrera. Ngaphezu kokubamba iqhaza emashini yokulwa neMpi YaseVietnam, wayeyingxenye ye-Association of Foreign University Students. Ngo-1971 wasebenza njengoprofesa weSolid State Physics emsebenzini wakhe wokufunda, nakuba kamuva wagxila kakhulu kwezombusazwe.
Ngemva kokubuyela eSpain, wasebenza njenge-ejenti yeDemocratic Coordination emele i-PSOE. Ngo-1974 wabamba iqhaza engqungqutheleni yaseSuresnes, lapho izizukulwane ezintsha zaqala khona ukuvala isikhundla sabaholi bomlando wobuholi bobuhlali bokudingiswa.
Ezinye izincwadi zikaJavier Solana
- Isimangalo senqubomgomo: Lluís Bassets and Javier Solana (2010);
- Isintu sisongelwa: UDaniel Innerarity noJavier Solana (2011);
- Iziphethu, ukuzamazama komhlaba nezinhlekelele: Javier Solana and Lluís Bassets (2011).