Javier Valenzuela. Ingxoxo nombhali wencwadi ethi Too Late to Understand

Javier Valenzuela UngowaseGranada. Wasebenza iminyaka engamashumi amathathu El País njengoba umbhali wezenzakalo futhi wayengumlobi wezimpi zaseMpumalanga Ephakathi, umbhali eBeirut, eRabat, eParis naseWashington kanye nesekela lomhleli wephephandaba. Ngo-2013 wasungula inkFree, umagazini wedijithali wanyanga zonke UlwaziFree. Sekwephuze kakhulu ukuqonda Yincwadi yakhe yeshumi nanhlanu futhi inoveli yesihlanu yobugebengu ashicilelayo, asitshela ngakho kulokhu ingxoxo. Ngibonga kakhulu ngesikhathi sakho nomusa.

Javier Valenzuela - Ingxoxo

• ACTUALIDAD LITERATURA: Inoveli yakho entsha inesihloko Sekwephuze kakhulu ukuqonda. Usitshelani ngakho futhi umqondo wavelaphi? 

UJAVIER VALENZUELA: Yinoveli yobugebengu eyenzeka endaweni IMadrid ka-1984. Bengifuna ukukhumbula lelo dolobha elimnyama elaliyiMadrid ye-Movida. Ngakolunye uhlangothi kwakukhona u-a ukuqhuma kwempilo enkululekweni, eyazibonakalisa emculweni, ebhayisikobho, ekudwebeni, ekuthwebuleni izithombe nasemaphathini, kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi kwakunokungavikeleki okukhulu kwezakhamuzi. Lokho futhi kwase kuyisikhathi i-quinquis ne-heroin. Ngicabanga umqondo we Le noveli iqhamuke ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi akekho obhale into efana nalena. 

• AL: Ungabuyela kuleyo ncwadi yokuqala oyifundile? Nendaba yokuqala oyibhalile?

JV: Ngicabanga ukuthi incwadi yokuqala engayifunda kwaba yi Izinganekwane ezivela e-Alhambra, de Washington Irving, kuhlelo lwezingane, kunjalo. Kwalandela amanoveli amaningi. UJules Verne, u-Emilio Salgari noRobert Louis Stevenson. Ngicabanga ukuthi yilapho uthando lwami lwezincwadi lwazalelwa khona: izincwadi zixoxelwa izindaba ezinhle, zikwenze wahamba futhi waba nezigigaba. Ngaqala ukwenza ubuntatheli ngisemncane kakhulu futhi ngixoxa izindaba ezivela emadolobheni amaningi namazwe ahlukene.. Kodwa kwakuyizindaba zentatheli, okungukuthi, eziyiqiniso, ezifanele futhi eziqinisekisayo. Ngenza umsebenzi wami wokuqala wezinganekwane lapho ngimdala kakhulu: inoveli IsiTangerineokuyinto a black lokho kwenzeka eTangier. 

• AL: Umbhali oyinhloko? Ungakhetha ngaphezu kweyodwa nakuzo zonke izinkathi.

JV: Albert Camus, phakathi kwamaFulentshi. Hemingwayphakathi kwamaMelika. UCervantes noPérez Galdos, phakathi kwamaSpanishi. Futhi ngokuya ngemibhalo emnyama, okwakudala kwe-Dashiell UHammett, Raymond Chandler kanye noPatricia umkhandi ophezulu kanye neSpanishi UJuan Madrid, U-Alexis Ravelo y UMarta Sanz.   

• AL: Yimuphi umlingiswa osencwadini obungathanda ukuhlangana naye futhi umakhe?

JV: Isigebengu UJohn Silver omude, of Isiqhingi somcebo, de UStevenson. Ngicabanga ngokugcwele ingoma ka-Joaquín Sabina: «Uma benginika ukukhetha phakathi kwazo zonke izimpilo, ngikhetha eyodwa yesigebengu esikhubazekile, esinomlenze wokhuni, esinebala leso, esinobuso obubi. Isikhohlakali esidala, ukaputeni womkhumbi ifulegi lawo laliyipheya le-tibias kanye nogebhezi lwekhanda. Ngithanda ama-pirates, ayengama-libertarian ngokuphelele.

• AL: Yimiphi imikhuba noma imikhuba ekhethekile uma kukhulunywa ngokubhala noma ukufunda?

JV: Uma ngibhala amanoveli Ngithanda ukuba nokuthile okuhlobene nesihloko sakho esandleni. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho ubhala Isibhamu, ugwayi kanye nesikhumba Ngangineyodwa etafuleni lami Star 1922 isibhamu, i-semi-automatic yezinga elingu-9 elide ekhiqizwa e-Éibar ye-Civil Guard. Uma kwenzeka kuba Sekwephuze kakhulu ukuqonda, angizange ngiqale ukubhala isahluko kwaze kwaba yilapho sengizwile isihloko esasizosinikeza isihloko saso izikhathi eziningana. Izingoma zombili I-Nacha Pop, iRadio Futura ne-Illegales njengeLos Chichos kanye neLos Chunguitos. Ziyindlela yami yokuzicwilisa ngesikhathi nendawo ethile.

• AL: Futhi indawo yakho oyithandayo nesikhathi sokwenza? 

JV: Sengibhale amanoveli ami amahlanu aseshicilelwe phakathi kwawo I-Tangier, i-Alpujarra ne-Salobreña. Izindawo ezithule, lapho ngingachitha khona amahora ayisithupha noma ayisikhombisa ngibhala ngokuqondile ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okukhulu. KANYE izindawo ezinhle, lapho, lapho kuhwalala, ngingakwazi ukuhamba ngihamba ngemibono emihle futhi ngihlangane nobhiya abambalwa nabangane.

• AL: Ingabe zikhona ezinye izinhlobo ozithandayo?

JV: Ngaphandle kohlobo lwe-noir? Yebo kunjalo. Ngifunde izincwadi eziningi zomlando nefilosofi. Umlando ugcwele izindaba zeqiniso ezimnandi, izindaba ezivame ukudlula umcabango wombhali ovunde kakhulu. Futhi ifilosofi, ikakhulukazi leyo Epicurus, Nietzsche futhi Camus, kungihlanganisa nokuphila, kunginika lokho okubizwa ngesiFulentshi Joie de vivre, injabulo yokuphilar.  

• AL: Ufundani manje? Futhi ukubhala?

JV: Ngiphinde ngifunde, cishe ngemva kwengxenye yekhulu leminyaka, Ingxoxo e-cathedral, by Vargas Llosa. Kodwa manje ukunaka kakhulu ifomu kunokuqukethwe, indlela yokulandisa kunezindaba ezikule ncwadi. UVargas Llosa owenziwe kule noveli a umsebenzi we-titanic futhi oncomekayo wezakhiwo ezilandisayo.

Nokuthi ngiqede kanjani kungekudala Sekwephuze kakhulu ukuqonda, manje Angibhali izinganekwane, izindatshana zobuntatheli kuphela.. Uma ngibhala amanoveli angiwafundi amanoveli, kuphela umlando noma ifilosofi, ukuze ngingazingcolisi. Ngishiya izinganekwane zabanye abantu ngezikhathi ezithile.

I-Panorama nemicimbi yamanje

• AL: Ucabanga ukuthi sinjani isigcawu sokushicilela?

JV: Kuyacaca ukuthi indawo yokushicilela ephethwe amaqembu amathathu noma amane amakhulu amabhizinisi ezibeka ngendlela ebabazekayo ababhali bazo nemikhiqizo ezitolo zezincwadi, abezindaba kanye nemiklomelo yemibhalo. Lokhu Amandla emali. Kodwa futhi kukhona inqwaba yabashicileli abancane abamangalisayo, abazimele abashicilela imisebenzi emihle futhi bezama ukubenza baphile ngaphansi kwesisindo esicindezelayo sokuhweba okuhamba phambili. Ngincoma kakhulu futhi nginothando olukhulu ngemibhalo yethu kaDavid. 

• AL: Ingabe lesi sikhathi esiphila kuso sinzima kuwe noma uzokwazi ukugcina okuthile okuhle kuzo zombili izinhlaka zamasiko nezenhlalo?

JAVIER VALENZUELA: Umhlaba wekhulu lama-XNUMX ubuswa ngokweqile ukuhaha, i-narcissism kanye nombukiso. Kuze kube yilapho abawinile bayo abathonya ezinkundleni zokuxhumana kanye nabawine imiqhudelwano yamabona kude. Kodwa Iphinde ibe nezinto ezinhle kakhulu. Enye yezinto ezivusa amadlingozi kakhulu umfutho ongavamile imbangela nje yawo ukulingana kwabesifazane.

Ngithanda ukwenqatshwa okukhulu komphakathi ukuziphatha kwe-machirula kukamongameli wenhlangano yethu yebhola. Futhi kufanele ngisho ukuthi ngangingomunye wezigidi zabantu bakithi abazizwa bejabule kakhulu lapho wethu iqembu labesifazane wanqoba iNdebe yoMhlaba e-Australia. Yilapho esenza kahle khona.