Javier Alandes. Izithombe: iphrofayili ye-IG yombhali.
Javier Alandes UnguValencian futhi uphothule izifundo ze-Economics. Umsebenzi wakhe wochwepheshe wathuthuka phakathi ukubhala futhi i ukuqeqeshwa ngaphezu kwezingqungquthela zamabhizinisi, Ukuxoxa ngezindaba namakhono ahlukahlukene. Ushicilele amanoveli Umdlalo wokubuya, I-Ballad kaDavid Crowe o Izimpilo ezintathu zomdwebi wokukhanya. Kulokhu ingxoxo usitshela okwakamuva, Ukubukeka kokugcina kukaGoya. Ngibonga kakhulu ngesikhathi sakho nomusa.
Javier Alandes - Ingxoxo
- ACTUALIDAD LITERATURA: Inoveli yakho entsha eshicilelwe inesihloko Ukubukeka kokugcina kukaGoya. Usitshelani kuso?
UJAVIER ALANDES: Ngo-1888, ngemva kwezingxoxo ezinde, uJoaquín Pereyra, inxusa laseSpain eBordeaux, wathola imvume yokumba umkhumbi. izinsalela zikaFrancisco de Goya ukusuka emathuneni aseLa Chartreuse eBordeaux futhi ababuyisele eSpain. Umdwebi wendawo yonke waseSpain wayeshone lapho eminyakeni engamashumi ayisithupha edlule. Yini eyayizoba ukunqoba okukhulu kwezombusazwe kwawa lapho, lapho bevula i-crypt, bethola ukuthi kwakukhona imizimba emibili —owesibili babengazi ekuqaleni ukuthi ngekabani—, nokuthi uhlaka lwamathambo kaGoya lwalushodelwa ugebhezi lwekhanda.
Lona Indaba eyiqiniso impela, futhi lapho ngihlangana nayo ngaba nesithakazelo kulokho okungenzeka ekhanda likaGoya nokuthi lingatholakala kuphi. Leyo mibuzo emibili ingu-a imfihlakalo enkulu lokho namanje akukaphenduli, futhi nganquma ukunikeza incazelo okungenzeka kubo bobabili.
Ngakho-ke, kunoveli ye-adventure ngesitayela sakudala esimsulwa, sizokwazi izinyanga zokugcina zokuphila kukaGoya eBordeaux —wadingiswa ngenxa yokuphindisela kukaFerdinand VII kungqondongqondo benkululeko—, itulo lokubulala umdwebi, abantu abanomsebenzi wokumvikela nokufuna kwakhe ukungafi. Futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, lapho i-crypt yayo ivuliwe, uphenyo lwe-a abaphenyi abangajwayelekile ukuzama ukuthola ukuthi ugebhezi lungaba kuphi.
- AL: Ungabuyela kuleyo ncwadi yokuqala oyifundile? Nendaba yokuqala oyibhalile?
UJA: Ngazalwa ngo-1974 futhi, yebo, ukuzijabulisa esasikuthola ebuntwaneni kwakukude kakhulu kunalokhu esinakho manje. Ngakho-ke, ukufunda kwakuwumsebenzi obalulekile. Ngikhumbula ngidla amahlaya UMortadelo y Filemón, labo I-Astérix, labo UTintin… Kepha Incwadi yokuqala engikhumbula ngiyifunda kwakunguFray Perico y su imbongolo. Leso sikhathi sokuqala lapho uqeda indaba lapho cishe yonke into ibhalwe khona futhi unomuzwa wokuthi ukuqondisisile futhi wakufanisa kuyisikhashana esihlala sigxilile enkumbulweni yakho.
Base bewela ezandleni zami izincwadi ezinezithombe zikaBruguera, futhi lapho ngingaphansi kweminyaka eyishumi ngakwazi ukufunda incwadi ethi Robinson Crusoe, Treasure Island, UCaptain Weminyaka Eyishumi Nanhlanu noma Ama-Musketeers amathathu. Kwakuyizifundo ezivamile zesizukulwane sethu. Nezindaba ezihlale zimakwe ngaphakathi kwethu.
Kodwa ukwakha indaba futhi ukwazi ukuyixoxa kusukela ekuqaleni kuye ekugcineni kudinga ukufundwa okuningi nezindaba eziningi eziqoqiwe. Yebo ngikwazile ukubhala izindaba ezimfishane kusukela eminyakeni eyishumi nambili. Kodwa kwaze kwaba yilapho ngineminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalombili, kakade ngisekolishi, lapho ngikwazi ukusho okuthile okwakunencazelo ethile.
Ababhali nabalingiswa
- AL: Umbhali oyinhloko? Ungakhetha ngaphezu kweyodwa nakuzo zonke izinkathi.
JA: Ngihlale ngisho ukuthi angiyena umbhali, kodwa lokho Ngingumfundi oke abhale inoveli ngezikhathi ezithile. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezinhlobo eziphawula impilo yami yokufunda: izigigaba nezindaba zabaseshi.
Ngale ndlela, futhi kusukela ekufundeni kwami kokuqala, Joseph Conrad, Melville, UStevenson o UVerne Yilabo babhali obuyela kubo njalo. Njengo-Agatha Christie, I-Conan doyle noma uGeorges Simenon. Kodwa uma kufanele ngibize othile isithenjwa, kunjalo U-Arturo Pérez-Reverte.
- AL: Yimuphi umlingiswa osencwadini obungathanda ukuhlangana naye futhi umakhe?
JA: Thina babhali sinaka kakhulu ukuthi ababhali esibathandayo banjani ngokobuchwepheshe. Basakha kanjani isakhiwo, isakhi esiyinhloko neziqeshana, ngaphezu kwakho konke, abalingiswa.
Sherlock Holmes Ungumlingiswa wami oyinhloko uConan Doyle, ngaphezu kokumnika ubuntu obuyinkimbinkimbi, wakha indlela yokunciphisa eduze kwakhe eqhubeka nokuba ugqozi nanamuhla. Ngakho-ke, u-Holmes umlingiswa engingathanda ukuhlangana naye.
Futhi mayelana nomlingiswa engingathanda ukuwenza, ngisele naye UFermin Romero de Torres, uhlamvu lwesibili aludala UCarlos Ruiz Zafon en Isithunzi somoya. U-Hustler, utsotsi, onokwedlule akufihlayo kodwa ngenhliziyo enkulu. Ngendlela ekhetheke kakhulu yokukhuluma kanye ne-bulletproof stoicism.
Ngokwezifiso
- AL: Yimiphi imikhuba noma imikhuba ekhethekile uma kukhulunywa ngokubhala noma ukufunda?
JA: Ngaphezu kwama-quirks, ngizothi "amasiko." Sonke esibhalayo sithola imikhuba njengoba sazana.
"Intokozo" yami eyinhloko qala futhi uqedele isahluko ngesikhathi esisodwa sokubhala. Njengoba izahluko zami zingamagama ayi-3.000, phakathi kokufunda izahluko ezimbalwa ezedlule, ukubhala isahluko okukhulunywa ngaso nokusibuyekeza, kungithatha cishe amahora amahlanu. Ngakho, uma ngingenawo amahora amahlanu, angiqali ukubhala.
- AL: Futhi indawo yakho oyithandayo nesikhathi sokwenza?
JA: Anginaso isikhathi engisithandayo, njengoba ngingakwazi njalo ukuhlela amahora amahlanu engiwanikela esimisweni sami ngesikhathi esisodwa. kodwa ngiyezwa ngikhululeke kakhulu ehhovisi lami lasekhaya, ngizungezwe izincwadi, amaphosta kanye neqoqo lami lezinto zamamuvi, okunginika ugqozi olukhulu.
Isihlalo sami, ikhompuyutha yami kanye nejinja.
- AL: Ingabe zikhona ezinye izinhlobo ozithandayo?
JA: Njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, i ubulili be ezokufika futhi i umseshi bayizintandokazi zami. Kodwa nami ngifunde kakhulu inganekwane yesayensi. Ngaphandle kokuqhubeka, ngisanda kufunda kabusha izincwadi ezintathu ze-Three Body Trilogy, kaCixin Liu.
Ngiphinde ngithanda iphupho, futhi ngihlala ngilinde ukuvalwa kwe Kingslayer Trilogy, ngu-Patrick Rothfuss (okuthatha isikhathi eside kunokulindelekile).
- AL: Ufundani manje? Futhi ukubhala?
JA: Angibhali unyaka wonke. Bhala inoveli ngu-a inqubo enzima kakhulu, engigcina ngikhathele ngayo, futhi nginikela cishe izinyanga ezine ngonyaka esimisweni sokuqala. Futhi ngikuwo, ku inqubo yokubhala inoveli entsha. Qhubeka uzame ubuciko, Qhubeka uzame ezokufika, qhubeka uzame a imfihlakalo (Ngingakwazi ukufunda kude kangaka).
Njengoba ngibhala, ukufunda kwami kuwumbhalo wale noveli. Ngakho, isibonelo, kulezi zinsuku nginaye Igazi likababa, of Alfonso de Goizueta, ethinta ngokujulile ingxenye yenoveli yami entsha. Ngaphezu kokuba yinoveli yokugcina yoMklomelo wePlaneta, u-Alfonso unguzakwethu we-ejensi yokumelela izincwadi.
UJavier Alandes - I-panorama yamanje
- AL: Ucabanga ukuthi sinjani isigcawu sokushicilela?
JA: Ngicabanga ukuthi siphakathi umzuzu wentando yeningi enkulu emlandweni uma kukhulunywa ngemboni yezincwadi. Kukhona abashicileli abaningi, bazo zonke izinhlobo zosayizi, futhi kunezinye izindlela, ngisho nezindleko zeqanda, zabantu abafuna ukuzishicilela. Ngakho-ke, namuhla, noma ubani ofuna ukuzitholela eyakhe inoveli, aye emibukisweni noma enze izethulo unakho lapho angafinyelela khona kunangaphambili.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi kukhona ukukhishwa kokuhlela okuningi okusha ngonyaka - kuthiwa kukhona cishe izinkulungwane ezingamashumi ayisithupha - ngakho-ke, ukuthengisa kuhlukene kakhulu, kuhlukaniswe kakhulu. Ukuzama ukudayisa amakhophi ayinkulungwane sekuyinto abantu abambalwa abangakwazi ukuyifinyelela. Ngakho-ke, njengoba ngihlale ngisho ezifundweni nasezingxoxweni, akekho okufanele abhale phansi ukuze abuyiselwe imali.
- AL: Uzizwa unjani ngalesi sikhathi samasiko nezenhlalo esibhekene naso?
JA: Ngicabanga ukuthi angiyena umuntu ofanele ukuhlola izimo zamasiko nezenhlalo jikelele. Kodwa ngithintana nezwe lemibhalo, futhi ngicabanga ukuthi lizincwadi zinesikhathi esihle.
Edolobheni lami, i-Valencia, izitolo zezincwadi ezintsha ziyavulwa, kunezethulo zansuku zonke, nendawo ecebile nehlukahlukene yemibhalo. Futhi okuyiqiniso futhi ukuthi ukuthengiswa kwezincwadi kuyanda, yazo zonke izinhlobo zezinhlobo, ukuthi izinkundla zethelevishini zivumelanisa ababhali bezwe nokuthi uhlu oluthengiswa kakhulu lubuswa izindaba zababhali baseSpain.
Ukuthola indawo emakethe kunzima kakhulu., kodwa ngokusebenza kanzima nokudala umphakathi wabafundi abanentshisekelo ezindabeni zethu, kungenzeka.