Izincwadi zamaphoyisa ezinhle kakhulu

Ukukhuluma ngezincwadi zobugebengu ezihamba phambili kuhilela ukuzivikela ngengilazi ekhulisayo nokwahlulela okuhle nokujula kolunye lwezinhlobo zemibhalo ezithandwa kakhulu namuhla. Kodwa-ke, lolo dumo oluphethe namuhla belungafani nolwasekuqaleni kwalo. Futhi yebo, sikhuluma ngomkhuba odeleleke kakhulu ngokugxekwa kwemibhalo ngemuva kokuvela kwawo (isigamu sesibili sekhulu le-XNUMX). Kodwa-ke, ukwedelela kohlangothi “lwabacabangayo” akubanga nankinga kubabhali bezindaba zobugebengu.

Eqinisweni, ababhali U-Edgar Allan Poe — umanduleli omkhulu walolu hlobo—, uSir Arthur Conan Doyle kanye no-Agatha Christie bachazwe njengongqondongqondo bezincwadi zomhlaba. Ngokuhambisana nalabo okukhulunyiwe, kuvela amagama afana noDashiell Hammlett, Vázquez Montalbán noma uJohn Verdon (phakathi kwabanye), nemisebenzi ebhekwa njengeyisisekelo ezindabeni zamaphoyisa

Amacala omgwaqo wasemakhazeni (1841), ngu-Edgar Allan Poe

Ungathenga incwadi lapha: Amacala omgwaqo wasemakhazeni

Ukuqala kohlobo lohlobo lwamaphoyisa

Umbhali waseMelika Edgar Allan Poe (1809 - 1849) wayeyisazi sangempela sezinhlamvu, njengoba ayekwazi ukuba yiphayona ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zemibhalo. Omunye weminikelo yakhe ayazisa kakhulu ezincwadini zomhlaba umlingiswa wakhe njengomphenyi u-Auguste Dupin. Ngokuqondile, ku Amacala omgwaqo wasemakhazeni ukubonakala kwakhe kokuqala okusemthethweni kwenzeka.

Ukubaluleka kuka-Auguste Dupin

Ukuba semthethweni kwe-Dupin akugcini emibhalweni esayinwe yi-Poe, impela ayinakonakala. Yebo, umphenyi olandelayo "ongafi" ezincwadini (uSherlock Holmes) ngokusobala wathonywa izindlela zakhe. Njengomlingiswa uHercules Poirot kusuka UChristie Agatha. UHolmes uze akhulume ngaye ngqo ezindabeni zakhe (yize njengomuntu "ongaphansi" kuye).

Amazwibela we Amacala omgwaqo wasemakhazeni

Umlandi ongaziwa ungumngane osondelene noDupin futhi ungumlingiswa obaluleke kakhulu ngemuva kwe-protagonist. Leli tulo ligxile esinqumweni secala lokubulala labesifazane ababili (umama nendodakazi) ezimweni ezingajwayelekile. Ngokwengeziwe, amaphoyisa akwazi ukuqoqa izinkomba ezimbalwa futhi ukuphenywa komakhelwane kanye nofakazi abangavezi imininingwane ewusizo.

Okubi kakhulu, phakathi kwabasolwa kukhona ummangalelwa onamacala angabazisayo. Ngenxa yalokho - kushukunyiswa yizinkinga zomuntu uqobo - knight UDupin ucela imvume yokuxazulula ubugebengu. Uma sesinikiwe, umlingiswa oyinhloko usebenzisa ubuhlakani nemininingwane yakhe kuze kube uthola imbangela emangalisayo yokufa kwalaba bantu.

Ubugebengu nokujeziswa (1866)

Ungathenga incwadi lapha: Ayikho imikhiqizo etholakele.

Kulomdlalo, umbhali waseRussia uFyodor Dostoyesvki (1821 - 1881) uxuba ngobuciko izici zobuchopho nemibono ephikisanayo yabalingiswa abakhulu. Yize kungeyona incwadi yamaphoyisa ngomqondo oqinile waleli gama, ibaluleke kakhulu ngaphakathi kohlobo. Ngoba imele izehlakalo ezisuka engqondweni yesigebengu.

Isiqubulo

Okokuqala, Umlandi owazi konke wethula izehlakalo ngokombono we-protagonist, uRiodón Raskólnikov. Ngokukhethekile, ichaza impilo yalo mfundi ngezinkinga zemali (ngaphandle kosizo lukanina nodadewabo). Kamuva, uRaskólnilov - ohlaselwe yinkohliso yobukhulu - uza ukuzithethelela ngokubanjwa inkunzi nokubulawa kukabolekisi omdala, u-Aliona Ivánova.

Kamuva, umbalisi ukhombisa imibono yabanye abalingiswa abathintekayo (iphoyisa, udadewabo, umsindisi womndeni wakhe ...). Okwamanje, umlingiswa ophambili uzinikela kubaphathi, noma kungekho bufakazi obubophayo.. Ekugcineni, uRiodón ugcwalisa isigwebo sakhe eSiberia futhi ulinde ukuhlangana noSonia, othandekayo wakhe.

Funda nge-Scarlet (1887)

Ungathenga incwadi lapha:

Funda nge-Scarlet

USir Arthur Conan Doyle wayekwazi akwenzayo. Umqulu wokuqala kaSherlock Holmes wavumela abafundi ukuthi bajwayelane nomcwaningi ovelele nomngane wakhe oqotho, uDkt Watson.. Kuyisithonjana ngaphakathi kwezindaba zobugebengu ngenxa yokujula kwamasu alindelwe emibhalweni ka-Auguste Dupin. Okungukuthi, ukucabanga okukhiphayo, ukunaka imininingwane engabonakali yalokhu, ukusetshenziswa kwendlela yesayensi ...

Ngaphezu kwalokho, iHolmes iyabanda, iyindida, ayiphumuli ngokwedlulele futhi ayithembi ikakhulukazi (yize inesizotha) yabesifazane. Vuliwe Funda nge-Scarlet, umseshi waseBrithani uneminyaka engama-26 noma engama-27 ubudala. Isakhiwo siqala ngomhlangano wokuqala phakathi kukaHolmes noDkt Watson. Lesi sakamuva sigqugquzela umlingiswa oyinhloko ukuba aphenye ngokubulawa kowesilisa otholakale endlini engahlali muntu.

I-Maltese Falcon (1930)

Ungathenga incwadi lapha: I-Maltese Falcon

Kubhalwe nguDashiell Hammlett (1894 - 1961), I-Maltese Falcon Kuyaziswa namuhla njengesethenjwa esingenakususwa ngaphakathi kwenoveli yobugebengu baseMelika. Ngalesi sikhathi, isenzo senzeka eSan Francisco. Lapho, iqembu labathengisi bezobuciko (ikakhulukazi) lisendleleni yelitshe eliyigugu elinjengeklebe futhi lifakwe amatshe ayigugu.

Lesi sihloko bekungeso sokuqala sezinkanyezi ezimbili uSam Spade, umphenyi onobudlova futhi othambekele ekusebenziseni izindlela ezingajwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, i-Spade iluhlanganisa ngokuphelele lolo hlobo lomhloli olunokuziphatha okungabazekayo, okwazi ukugoba imithetho nokwenza noma yini ukuxazulula ubugebengu. Okubandakanya izenzo zokungathembeki nezimbi.

Ikhethini: icala lokugcina likaPoirot (1975)

Ungathenga incwadi lapha: Ikhethini

U-Agatha Christie (1890 - 1975) wabhala le ncwadi ngecala lakamuva lomseshi wakhe owayedumile uHercules Poirot eminyakeni engamashumi amane ngaphambi kokushicilelwa kwayo. Lesi sakhiwo senzeka eNkantolo Yezitayela, isithabathaba somuzi esiguqulwe saba ihhotela lapho uPoirot ehlangana khona nomngani wakudala, uColonel Hastings.. Umphenyi wembula kuye izinsolo zakhe ngokuba khona kuka "Mnene" uMnu X, phakathi kwezivakashi.

UMnu X ungumbulali onesihluku ohlangene nokubulawa kwabantu abahlanu bangaphambilini, kodwa, wayengakaze abanjwe ngoba wayengakaze asolwe. Isimo sempilo sikaPoirot sengezwa emandleni okuba yisigebengu: uhamba ngesihlalo esinamasondo ngenxa yesifo samathambo. Ngalesi sizathu, kudinga usizo olujwayelekile ezimweni ezicindezelayo.

Izilwandle zaseningizimu (1979)

Ungathenga incwadi lapha: Izilwandle zaseningizimu

Le noveli kaManuel Vázquez Montalbán (1939 - 2003) Ingenye yezincwadi ezibaluleke kakhulu ezibhalwe ngeSpanishi phakathi nekhulu lama-XNUMX. Indaba ihlelwe eBarcelona, ​​igxile emibuzweni ehlobene nokubulawa kukaCarlos Stuart Pedrell. Ubani, ngaphambi kokuvela njengoshonile (obegwazwe) bekukholelwa ukuthi ubenonyaka owodwa ehamba ngomkhumbi olwandle oluseningizimu.

Umlingiswa ophethe ukucacisa amaqiniso umphenyi uPepe Carvalho (oqashwe yinkosikazi kamufi). Kodwa-ke, lapho uphenyo luqhubeka kuyacaca ukuthi uPedrell akazange aluqale uhambo lwakhe. Phakathi kokuphikisana okubusayo, ngokusobala, okubaluleke kakhulu yibhizinisi likamufi nokuzimisela kwakhe ngomdwebi waseFrance Post-Impressionist, uPaul Gauguin.

Ngiyazi ukuthi ucabangani (2010)

Ungathenga incwadi lapha: Ngiyazi ukuthi ucabangani

Cabanga ngenombolo (IsiNgisi isihloko) bekumele iphupho lokushicilela umbhali wombhali waseMelika nomsakazi uJohn Verdon. Hhayi ngeze, le ncwadi ikhuphukele kunombolo yokuqala ohlwini lwezinkanyezi nemivimbo ethengwa kakhulu ezweni. Le noveli ephethe umphenyi uDave Gurney ingenye yezindaba ezivelele kakhulu kuhlobo lwabaseshi bekhulu lama-XNUMX.

Isitatimende esinjalo sifanelwe - ngaphandle kwezibalo zaso zentengiso - ngenxa yesakhiwo esimangazayo, esinamandla nesiluthayo. Kanye (kunjalo) nobunzima obumangalisayo bezinhlamvu zayo. Mayelana, UVerdon uthe wakhe umlingisi wakhe omkhulu ngaphansi kwethonya elikhulu le-literati yakhe ayithandayo: USir Arthur Conan Doyle, uReginald Hill noRoss McDonald.