Izincwadi ezizofundwa emahoreni ambalwa

Ukuthi awunaso isikhathi ngeke kusaba yisaba esiphelele sokuthi awufundi. Sikulungiselele uhlu okungenani 5 izihloko zencwadi kuhle ukuthi ukwazi futhi funda emahoreni ambalwa. Okungenani kuzokuthatha ntambama. Yindatshana ephelele yokufunda manje ngempelasonto lapho sinezikhathi ezimbalwa zokuphumula ngosuku.

Bazokuthatha isikhashana ... Uzobaphuza!

"Novemba" nguGustave Flaubert, ekahle kwezothando

• Isiqubulo: UFlaubert wabhala ngoNovemba 1842, lapho eseneminyaka engamashumi amabili nje kuphela ubudala. Kucatshangelwa inoveli evala ukukhiqizwa kwentsha kaFlaubert (ephawulwe ngalo msebenzi nangokwezingqondo zobuhlanya), sibhekene ne-bildungsroman eyiqiniso, inoveli emangazayo yokuqalwa kothando, ehlola izindlela ezicashile ama-isms wokuheha okuvusa inkanuko nokuzisola okubangelwa ubudlelwano bokuphinga nohlangothi olunothando lobudlelwano babantu. Kule noveli, ukulutha ukufunda, nohambo olumnandi lokuphakanyiswa okunomdlandla, umfana, lapho singabona khona uFlaubert uqobo lwakhe, ezindla ngesikhathi ehamba ezweni ngabesifazane (kufaka phakathi uMarie, isifebe amqala ezimfihlakalweni zenyama , nokuthi, ngezingxenye ezilinganayo, "ungowesifazane oyingelosi futhi ongathintwa, nowesifazane obulalayo ohlome nge-eroticism eyonakalisayo" ngamagama kaLluís Mª Todó). UNovemba mhlawumbe ngumlando wangempela wokukhathazeka kothando, noFlaubert osemusha njenge-protagonist. Le noveli, engashicilelwanga nguFlaubert ngesikhathi sakhe sokuphila kepha ayehlala eyibuka ngothando olukhethekile, ingukuhlukaniswa okunekhono kwezwe lothando, ehlaziya inkanuko nokuhlupheka okuhambisana nakho, okujula kwengqondo yakhe sekuvele kukhombisa isitayela semisebenzi yesikhathi esizayo. Ini "Nkosikazi Bovary" o "Imfundo yengqondo".

• Inani lamakhasi: 144.

"Umphikukristu" ngu-Amélie Nothomb, ngokudabukisayo nokwedlulele kakhulu

• Imayelana nani?: UBlanche uhlangana noChrista eNyuvesi yaseBrussels. Bobabili baneminyaka eyishumi nesithupha ubudala, uBlanche unesizungu, unamahloni futhi akazethembi, uChrista uyagqama ngethalente lakhe lokuyenga kanye nokuzidla kwakhe. Ukuhlangana kwalaba bantu kungaholela ebunganeni obuhlala njalo, kepha kuba yindlela ebuhlungu yokukhohlisa, ukuhlukumeza nokululaza uBlanche, othatha isinqumo sokuvukela. U-Antichrista, i-tragicomedy yokuqala mayelana nokuncika okungokomzwelo kobusha futhi okukhombisa ukuba sengozini, ukuhlupheka nokulindelwe kwalowo muntu ongelamuntu ophakathi kobuntwana nentsha.

• Inani lamakhasi: 131.

"Azikho izindaba ezivela ku-gurb" ngu-Eduardo Mendoza, omomotheka kakhulu

• Ukungqubuzana: Incwadi ilandisa ngokufunwa kowezizwe (uGurb) osenyamalele, ngemuva kokuthola ukuvela kukaMarta Sánchez, edolobheni laseBarcelona. Umbalisi akayena uGurb, kodwa omunye umfokazi oza ngemuva kwakhe ngemuva kokuba yi-Count-Duke wase-Olivares, yize ukubukeka kwakhe kuguquka njengoba icebo liqhubeka, eba ngabalingiswa abanjengoMiguel de Unamuno, Paquirrín, Isoroku Yamamoto, uMbusi waseKent noma u-Alfonso V de León, futhi idayari yakhe eyenza umhlahlandlela wokulandisa. I-protagonist iqala indaba ngemibono nezinhloso ezishintshayo njengoba ishintsha ukuzivumelanisa nendlela yokuphila emhlabeni. Uhlobo lwale ndaba ukubhuqa nokuphikisana. Umbhali uphendulela idolobha elingenangqondo nelansuku zonke esigcawini somkhosi oveza ubuso beqiniso bomuntu wanamuhla wasemadolobheni kanye nokwazisa ngobuciko komlobi.

• Inani lamakhasi: 143.

"Ukuhlubuka epulazini" nguGeorge Orwell, kulabo abafuna ukuqonda kangcono ipolitiki yamanje

• Amazwibela: Ukulahlwa komphakathi wobushiqela, okumangalisa ngokumangazayo enganekwaneni yobuhlakani engokomfanekiso. Izilwane ezisepulazini likaJones zivukela abanikazi bazo bese zibahlula. Kepha ukuhlubuka kuzokwehluleka njengoba kuqubuka umbango nomhawu phakathi kwabo, abanye bazihlanganisa namakhosi ababachitha, bekhombisa ubunikazi babo kanye nezintshisekelo zesigaba sabo. Yize ukuvukelwa kwePulazi kukhulelwe njengesiqubulo esingenazwelo se- stalinism, umlingiswa womhlaba wonke womyalezo wayo wenza le ncwadi ibe ukuhlaziywa okungajwayelekile kwenkohlakalo edalwa amandla, isigcawu esinolaka esimelene nobushiqela banoma yiluphi uhlobo kanye nokuhlolwa okuhle kokukhohlisa okwenzeka eqinisweni lomlando ngezikhathi zenguquko yezepolitiki.

• Inani lamakhasi: 144.

"Okunye ukusonteka" nguHenry James, owesabisa kakhulu futhi uyinganekwane

• Ukuxabana: Uhulumeni uhambela ukunakekelwa kwezingane ezimbili esigodlweni esidala saseVictoria. Lokho ekuqaleni okubonakala njengesabelo esihle kuzophenduka isimo esibi. Izingane zithinteka esikhathini esedlule esedlule lapho umphathi wangaphambilini, uNkosazana Jessel, noPeter Quint, inceku yomphathi kanye ne-valet (umalume wezingane) babenobudlelwano obubi. Kungacatshangwa ukuthi ukuhlukunyezwa okuthile kwenzekile. Impilo ne-governess nokufa kwakhe okwalandela kushiye uphawu olungacimeki kubo. I-protagonist yendaba, lapho izama ukusiza izingane, iqala ukubona ukubonakala kwezipoki zomphathi odlule, owashona ezimweni ezingajwayelekile, izingane kanye nomuntu odlulayo badlula kubo.

• Inani lamakhasi: 204.

Siyakuqinisekisa, noma ngabe ukhetha ukwenzani, uzomelwa futhi uzoyiqeda ngamahora ambalwa. Lokho kushoda kwesikhathi akukuvimbi ekufundeni.