Isiphetho samaqhawe
UChufo Llórens (1931-) uzuze isikhundla sakhe njengomunye wabamele abavelele kunoveli yomlando waseSpain ngokufaneleka kwakhe. Akumangalisi ukuthi izincwadi zakhe ziye zanconywa ngokunemba kwezilungiselelo zazo nemininingwane enikeziwe. Isiphetho samaqhawe (2020), akunjalo; futhi, umbhali waseCatalan ukhombisile ukugcwaliseka kwemibhalo enobuciko.
Kuyi-saga yomndeni yama-epic eyenzeka phakathi komkhathi we-bohemian waseParis kanye namasiko aseMadrid kwamashumi okuqala eminyaka ka ikhulu lamashumi amabili. Leso kwakuyisikhathi esaphawuleka ngezingxabano ezimbili ezifana nezempi: iMpi Enkulu eYurophu kanye neMpi YeRif phakathi kwamaSpain namaMoroccans. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, emibhalweni iziza zokungabaza, isenzo, uthando, umona nokuvinjelwa kuyahlangana.
Ukuhlaziywa kanye Nesifinyezo se Isiphetho samaqhawe
Eminye yemicimbi ephathwe kule noveli
- Impi enkulu
- Impi yeRif phakathi kweSpain neMorocco
- Ukufika kojantshi bokuqala eSpain
- Izingcingo zokuqala zavela endaweni yase-Iberia.
- Ukusungulwa komkhumbi-ngwenya.
Personajes
Abalingiswa abaphambili nguJosé Cervera, isicukuthwane esivela eMadrid noLucie Lacroze, indodakazi yencekukazi yaseFrance. Ekuqaleni, uJosé uthandana noNachita, indodakazi eyindodakodwa yomNdiya okwenzeka ukuthi adlule enhlokodolobha yaseSpain. Ngokwakhe, uLucie uthumba uGerhard, umdwebi osemusha waseJalimane ofisa ukuba nguthisha.
Nokho, ubandlululo emphakathini kanye nezimo ezithile ezithile eziyinkimbinkimbi okokufaka ukusinda kwazo zombili izinkanuko. Kamuva, umhlangano phakathi kukaJosé noLucie uphela ngokuhlangana okuzwelana. Ngakho-ke, le ndaba igxile endleleni yezingane ezintathu zombhangqwana: UFélix Pablo noNicolás.
Izindawo nesikhathi somlando
Le noveli iqala ngo-1894, isikhathi lapho ubukhazikhazi nenkolo yonxiwankulu baseSpain baqhathanisa nobumpofu nobulukhuni bezigaba ezazincishwe amathuba kakhulu. Lokhu kungalingani kwakuyigciwane lezingxabano ezithile zomphakathi ezinobudlova kanye nozungu lwama-anarchist.
Kamuva, impilo yansuku zonke yamalungu endaba ishintsha kakhulu ngenxa yeMpi Yezwe Yokuqala kanye neMpi YeRif. Njengoba isakhiwo siqhubeka, abalingiswa abaningana badlula kumasayithi tan ezahlukahlukene njengehlane laseSahara, Melilla, Lisbon, Paris naseCaracas. Le nganekwane ifinyelela umvuthwandaba phakathi nawo-1920.
Isitayela nezakhi zomlando oqanjiwe ku Isiphetho samaqhawe
Izindawo ezahlukahlukene zigcizelela ukusonteka kwesakhiwo nezinguquko zejubane. Futhi, iningi le- Izincwadi zokugxekwa kwezincwadi zibonisa ukuthi isisekelo sedokhumentari sale ncwadi sikufanele ukutadisha. Kusukela kulezi zisekelo eziqinile, uLlórens usungule inganekwane ekwazi ukuhlanganisa ngobuciko izingxenye zothando nezindima ezigcwele ukuzijabulisa, ukuxokozela nokungaqiniseki.
Ngokwengeziwe, imidwebo enemininingwane ye-costumbrist igcwaliswa ngokuphelele izingxoxo ezinokwethenjelwa, ngamagama ajwayelekile ngaleso sikhathi. Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kwenganekwane yenoveli, le ncwadi ibukeka njengomlando obhalwe ngofakazi wokuzibonela. Ngale ndlela, umbhali waseCatalan ukwazile ukugcina abafundi bengabaza phakathi kwamakhasi angaphezu kuka-850 okuxoxwa ngawo.
Imibono
Kumawebhusayithi wokuhlela nakumasayithi anikezelwe ezincwadini, Isiphetho samaqhawe inamaphuzu amaphakathi ayi-8/10. E-Amazon, isilinganiso esiphezulu sezinkanyezi ezi-5 sinikezwe ngabasebenzisi be-Intanethi abangama-60%; yi-7% kuphela eyinike izinkanyezi ezingaphansi kwezingu-3. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abalandeli bakaChufo Llórens bakhomba kulesi sihloko njengomsebenzi wakhe ophelele kakhulu kuze kube manje.
Sobre el autor
UChufo Llórens wazalelwa eBarcelona ngo-1931. Ngaphambi kokuzinikela ekubhaleni, wafundela ezomthetho, yize iningi lomsebenzi wakhe wobungcweti wawuzinikele ekuthuthukiseni nasekukhiqizeni imibukiso. Ngemuva kokuthatha umhlalaphansi, ngo-1986 wethula Akukho okwenzekayo ngosuku olwandulela lolu, ukuqala kwayo kokubhala, Kusukela lapho ubekhethekile ngohlobo lwe inoveli yomlando.
Ngo-2008, uLlórens washicilela Ngizokunika izwe, incwadi anikele kuyo cishe iminyaka emihlanu yomsebenzi phakathi kocwaningo nokubhala. Leso sihloko saphenduka ushintsho emsebenzini wakhe wokubhala ngenxa yakhe Amakhophi ayi-150.000 vkuthengiswe ngonyaka wokuqala wokukhishwa. Uhlu lwemisebenzi yakhe luphothulwe yizincwadi eziboniswe ngezansi:
- Olunye uchoko (1993)
- UCatalina, obalekele eSanta Benedict (2001)
- Isaga sabalahlekile (2003)
- Ulwandle lomlilo (2011)
- Umthetho wabalungileyo (2015)
- Isiphetho samaqhawe (2020).
Ububanzi bomsebenzi wakhe
Kuze kube manje, Izincwadi zikaChufo Llórens zidlula amakhophi ayisigidi athengisiwe, ihunyushwe ngezilimi ezingaphezu kweshumi nambili. Lezo zilimi zifaka phakathi: isiJalimane, isiCzech, isiDanish, isiFinnish, isiNtaliyane, isiDashi, isiNorway, isiPolish, isiPutukezi, isiRomania, isiSerbia nesiSweden. Ngalesi sizathu, idumela lakhe lemibhalo leqe imingcele yaseSpain; kuyaziwa kulo lonke elaseYurophu.
Izici zamanoveli omlando kaChufo Llórens
Izisusa, amathonya nezimo
Enkulumweni ne El País (2008), ULlórens uveze ukuthi ukwanda kohlobo lolo hlobo “kuvele ngoba imakethe ibifuna ngenkani. Ukuphakelwa kanye nokufunwa kungumlawuli omkhulu walokho okuthakazelwayo nokungathakazelisi, okwamanje isifiso sokwazi izinto ezivela esikhathini esidlule sihlaba umxhwele abafundi futhi kimina inoveli yomlando iyindlela yezimpumelelo zokuvelela ezinjenge-biographies noma ezinye izihloko zezincwadi " .
Ngokufanayo, umbhali waseCatalan wakhomba u-Alejandro Núñez Alonso njengomunye wababhali abanethonya elikhulu emsebenzini wakhenoma. Iningi lemisebenzi yakhe lisethwe edolobheni laseBarcelona, kepha isakhiwo ngokuvamile asigcini edolobheni elilodwa. Eqinisweni, izindaba eziningi zikaLlórens zithinta izingxenye ezahlukahlukene zeYurophu futhi, ekugcineni, zigcina kwamanye amazwekazi.
Impi njenge-eksisi eyehlayo
Izinxushunxushu ezinodlame emphakathini kanye nezingxabano zempi kuyizindikimba ezimbili ezivamile kumanoveli kaChufo Llórens. Kule ndawo enengxabano, abalingiswa abajule kakhulu bayathuthuka, eyiqiniso, yabantu, eqhutshwa izifiso zabo nemizabalazo yangaphakathi. Vele - bekungeke kungenjalo encwadini yombhali weBarcelona - konke kubhalwe kahle futhi kuchazwe kahle.
Izikhathi
Izikhathi zangeNkathi Ephakathi eBarcelona zaziwumthombo oqhubekayo wokukhuthaza uLlórens ezincwadini zakhe zokuqala. Injalo-ke le ndaba ye- UCatalina, obalekele eSanta Benedict, Olunye uchoko y Isaga sabalahlekile. Ngemuva kwalokho ku Umthetho wabalungileyo y Isiphetho samaqhawe Umbhali waseCatalan ugxile kwimicimbi ye-neuralgic - naseBarcelona - ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-XNUMX nasekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-XNUMX, ngokulandelana.