Isibuko sobuchopho
Isibuko sobuchopho iyincwadi edumile eyabhalwa umqondisi wocwaningo, uprofesa we ukucabanga kanye nesayensi yengqondo kanye nombhali waseSpain uNazareth Castellanos. Umsebenzi washicilelwa yindlu yokushicilela yaseLa Huerta Grande ngo-2021, njengengxenye yeqoqo elinikezelwe endabeni. Kusukela yakhululwa emakethe, izethameli eziningi ziye zakwazisa ukuthi umlobi uzinike isikhathi sokuchaza ukuthi ubuchopho busebenza kanjani ngamagama alula.
Umqondo womuntu uyinkimbinkimbi, ungenwe ingqalasizinda ethambile futhi ethakazelisayo. Izazi zeNeuroscience ngokuvamile zabelane kancane kakhulu nezakhamuzi, ngakho bonke abangebona ososayensi basalela emuva kancane olwazini. Ngalo mqondo, U-Nazareth Castellanos uyehla enkundleni futhi utshela izethameli amaqiniso athakazelisayo mayelana nokusetshenziswa kahle kwezinto ezithinta izinzwa. esinakho
Umbhalo ophazamisayo ngendlela egcwele "yokuthuthuka komuntu siqu" kanye "nokucabangela"
Iqhaza elikhulu "ukuthuthuka komuntu siqu" okube nalo eminyakeni yamuva yaziwa kabanzi, ikakhulukazi endaweni yewebhu.. Futhi akukhona okuncane: wonke umuntu ufuna ukuba yinguqulo engcono kakhulu yakhe. Kuvamile ukufunda ngayo encwadini yezincwadi ze abaqeqeshi, abathonya, ababhali bezincwadi zokuzithuthukisa...
Noma kunjalo, kufanele kuthiwe: ngeshwa, okuningi kokuqukethwe okutholiwe kugaywe kabusha futhi/noma ifuna ukugcwalisa izikhala ngolwazi oluyize olungenasisekelo.
Njengomphelelisi oqondile othi "inqubo ye ukunqoba" lokho kuhloswe ukuthi kudayiswe, abaningi balaba babhali sebeqalile ukwamukela leli gama ukucabanga. Isizathu silula: ukuthi amagama e-Anglo-Saxon avame ukuthengiswa kahle kangakanani emakethe yase-Hispanic. Okuvamile ukuthi lo mqondo uthintwa ngendlela ekha phezulu kakhulu, ngaphandle kokufinyelela eziphethweni eziqinile ngawo, okushiya umfundi enolwazi oluncane ngokulinganayo.
Nokho, akunjalo ngencwadi esiletha lapha namuhla. Eqinisweni, kungashiwo lokho Isibuko sobuchopho Kungumbhalo ophazamisayo, inkulumo esekelwe ngokwesayensi yokuthi lwenziwa kanjani lolu hlobo lokushicilelwa.
Amazwibela weThe Mirror of the Brain
Indlela engajwayelekile
Noma kunjalo Isibuko sobuchopho Iwumbhalo wesayensi ogxile ekwaziseni okwengeziwe ngokusebenza kwesinye sezitho ezihlolisiswe kakhulu—kokubili ngesayensi nakubantu abathakazelayo—, U-Nazareth Castellanos uqondisa ukuhlaziya kwakhe emiphumeleni ye-neuroscience yokuzindla.
Kungenzeka ukuthi lo musho wokugcina ungase uzwakale udukisa, njengomphumela oqondile - njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili - "izincwadi" eziningi ze ukuzisiza ekhuluma ngendikimba ethi ukucabanga ngokudlulele. Nokho, Isibuko sobuchopho ayincikile ekucabangeni kwemilingo ukuze idale imibono yozungu mayelana nokuthi asiwasebenzisi wonke amakhono esitho sethu esiyinhloko ukuze sihehe abafundi. Akukho kulokho.
Eqinisweni, umbhalo uzigxilisa ocwaningweni olujulile lwezemfundo. Le mibiko ibonisa ukuthi kanjani ukuzindla kanye nomsebenzi wokuqonda kungalolonga ibhayoloji yobuchopho ukuze ube nengqondo elinganiselayo, qaphela futhi uzimisele ngayo yonke imisebenzi okumelwe kubhekwane nayo phakathi nosuku nosuku. Futhi lokhu okuphakanyiswe lapha akuyona into engaphezu kwe ukucabanga: ube nenhlanhla ukwazi wena lapha futhi manje.
Umsuka wokucabanga
Iminyaka engu-2.500 edlule, ngesikhathi uBuddha aqala ngaso ukudlulisela ulwazi lwakhe lokukhanyiselwa, kwakukhulunywa ulimi olwaziwa ngokuthi “pali”. Kwakuwulimi lwendabuko olufana kakhulu nesiSanskrit.
Lolu limi lwesigodi bekufanele luncome igama elithi "sati", okusho ukuthi, ukuguqulwa noma ukuqokwa kwesenzo "sarati", igama elihle elisho ukuthi "khumbula" noma "khumbula" —okuphakathi kwezincazelo zalo ezithi “letha kulesi sikhathi”—.
Ngakho-ke, I-sati amandla angaphakathi umuntu anawo khumbula ukuthi kufanele hlala esikhathini samanje. Lokhu yikho kanye elikumelelayo el ukuqaphela.
Isixwayiso esicacile sokuba lapha futhi manje
U-Nazareth Castellanos usebenzisa ikhono lakhe lokuxhumana ukuze achaze ukwakheka kobuchopho ngendlela elula. Lokhu kwenziwa emakhasini ayikhulu neshumi, cishe. Kuzo, umbhali uthuthukisa ithisisi yokuthi ubuchopho benza kanjani uhambo oluningana ukuze lufinyelele ukunakwa okugcwele.
Ngolimi olusondelene nomfundi, umbhali wembula imiqondo yesayensi esebenza ngokuphelele kule nqubo lokho kufanele kwenziwe ukuze kusondele ukuthuthukiswa komuntu siqu.
Umqondo oyinhloko womsebenzi ukufundisa abafundi ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani -ngezinqubo esezivele zisetshenziswa kwezesayensi nangokomoya— finyelela isimo somuntu. Okusho ukuthi: indlela yokugxila kukho konke ukunaka kwethu emsebenzini owodwa ngesikhathi, ukuwenza ngendlela engcono kakhulu. Kwenye yezingxenye zencwadi, umbhali uthi: “Uma ushanela, shanela. Uma ufunda, funda. Uma ubhala, bhala. Uma uhlupheka, hlupheka. Futhi uma uthanda, jabulela."
Ukubaluleka kokuqaphela
Isibuko sobuchopho iqondisa umfundi emcabangweni obizwa ngokuthi inethiwekhi yobuchopho ezenzakalelayo. Ukuze kube nengqondo ezingqondweni zalabo abangayiqondi isayensi, iNazareth Castellanos ivakashela isingathekiso "somshayeli ozenzakalelayo". Ngemva kokuba kuyo isikhathi eside, kulula ukubona ukuthi yileso simo lapho singakwazi ngempela esikwenzayo nesikushoyo.
Lesi sikhala sibalulekile ukunikeza ubuchopho ukuphumula, kodwa kungaba yingozi uma umuntu ehlala isikhathi eside kakhulu. Ngalo mqondo, umbhali unxusa umfundi ukuthi anake konke okwenzayo isikhathi esiningi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lo mkhuba futhi usiza abantu ukuba babe nokuqonda okubanzi kwezingxoxo zabo zangaphakathi. Izikhathi eziningi sizilalela ngokwethu kancane kangangokuthi asikwazi ukufinyelela olwazini olunikezwa umzimba wethu ukuze sizivikele noma siphume ekungqubuzaneni. Yilapho-ke inkulumo ethi "lalela ngokuzinikela" iba yithuluzi lokuzazi.
Mayelana nalokhu, uNazareth Castellanos uyaqinisekisa ukuthi kuyadingeka “ukwazi ukuba yisibukeli kanye nomlingisi”.
Mayelana nombhali, uNazareth Castellanos
Nazareth Castellanos
UNazareth Castellanos wazalwa ngo-1977, eMadrid, eSpain. Ufunde iziqu zeTheoretical Physics, kanye neziqu zobudokotela kwiMedicine enyuvesi yezwe lase-Iberia. Kamuva, Wenza ezinye izifundo, njengezifundo ze-postgraduate ku-Neurosurgery, Neuroscience kanye neMathematics. Kuwo wonke umsebenzi wakhe uye wabhala futhi wabambisana nezihloko ezimbalwa emaphephandabeni adumile esayensi.
Okwamanje, Uqondisa Ilabhorethri yaseNirakara kanye noSihlalo Ongavamile Wokucabangela Nesayensi Yokuqonda, ihlukile ekilasini layo, ngoba ifunda umsebenzi wokuzindla ngokwenza umkhuba wesayensi. U-Nazareth Castellanos ungumuntu ozelwe, futhi naphezu kokuba neziqu eziningana zemfundo ezihlobene nokucabanga, ucabanga ukuthi uma unina engakwazi ukuqonda akubhalayo, khona-ke umsebenzi wakhe ubungeke uzuze.
Uthanda ukuzibhalela ngaphezu kwabafundi bakhe, kanye nokuba nezingxoxo ezinde nabantu abanelukuluku lokwazi nabanesibindi abakwaziyo ukuphinde bazitholele bona. Umbhali ubeke amazwana ezingxoxweni eziningi ukuthi akufanele uphazamiseke empilweni, kodwa kunalokho ujabulele, futhi babheke intuthuko eqhubekayo yomuntu nezinto azitholile.