UMarcos Chicot. © Novelashhistóricas
Ngemuva kokuthumela i-ebook ethengiswa kakhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni ngeSpanish phakathi kuka-2013 no-2016, Ukubulawa kukaPythagoras, isazi sezifo zengqondo uMarcos Chicot Álvarez (Madrid, 1971) wanquma ngo-2009 ukuthi ayeke ngemuva kokuzalwa kwendodakazi yakhe, uLucía, onesifo se-Down syndrome, nokubhala le noveli iminyaka eyisithupha Ukubulawa kukaSocrates, umsebenzi wokugcina we-2016 Planeta Prize. Umsebenzi lapho, ngokungafani nomthengisi wawo omkhulu, usebenza ngesikhathi esihle kakhulu (futhi esinesiphithiphithi) seGrisi yakudala okungenzeka ukuthi yayingekude kakhulu neNtshonalanga yanamuhla.
UMarcos Chicot: «USocrates wenze umehluko»
Kungo-14: 30 ntambama ehhotela iFairmont Juan Carlos I eBarcelona futhi naphezu kokukhathala kwakhe, uMarcos Chicot uyaqhubeka nokumamatheka, ekhombisa ubuhle obumchaza phakathi kwezikhulu zabezindaba nezintatheli. Ungicela imvume yokudla okuthile epuletini lama-tapas abawabeke etafuleni bese esondela phambili, uyakuthanda ukusondelana.
Umsebenzi wakhe, owamanqamu othi The Murder of Socrates, "uyinoveli emnandi futhi eqinile ngeGrisi yakudala", ngamagama ombhali uqobo. Indaba eqala ngokwebiwa kwengane ukuze iqhubeke ngaphansi kwempi yasePeloponnesia, impikiswano eyabhekana ne-Athene neSparta iminyaka engama-27.
Actualidad Literatura: Uzizwa kanjani?
UMarcos Chicot: Ngaphandle kokukhathala. . . (ehleka)
AL: Ngaphandle
MC: Ngibona sengathi ngisefwini, ngicabanga ukuthi ukukhathala kusiza umuzwa wephupho. Ngifuna ukuphumula kusasa futhi ngibe nombono omkhulu, ngibheke phambili ekuphileni usuku ngalunye, umzuzu ngamunye, ngifinyelele abalandeli bami ngencwadi, nemiyalezo yayo, ngoba manje ngiyizwa yonke ngendlela engeyona engokoqobo. Ngifuna ukuthi incwadi ibe sezitolo zezincwadi, bayithinte, bayizwe, batshelwe abakucabangayo.
AL: Ihluke kanjani le noveli entsha, iThe Assassination of Socrates, ne-The Assassination of Pythagoras?
MC: Le noveli iheha kakhulu ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili: esisodwa nguSocrates uqobo, o-priori oheha kakhulu kunoPythagoras. Ungumlingiswa ome njengeqanda, odonse amehlo e-Athene futhi owangenela empilweni yedolobha lakhe. Sinolwazi oluthe xaxa ngaye futhi, nakanjani, mayelana nendawo emzungezile. UPythagoras wayemele iMagna Greece efakwe eningizimu ye-Italy, kuyilapho le noveli isethwe enhliziyweni yeClassical Greece, okuyisizinda sempucuko, yomhlaba. USocrates umaka ukuzalwa futhi angisho ngefilosofi kepha ngokuziphendukela kwemvelo kulezo zincazelo mayelana nesibhakabhaka noma amanzi, isibonelo, ukuthi umuntu unikele. USocrates wenze umehluko wathi HAYI, into ebalulekile indoda, ngakho-ke ake sibheke amaqiniso aphelele. Indlela yokucabanga emenza abe ngubaba we-rationalism kanye nobuntu, ubaba wefilosofi. Konke okuzelwe kuye, futhi yilokho okusichazayo. Lawo mashumi eminyaka lapho kuvela khona ubuntu, ubukhulu obukhulu bufinyelelwa kumasiko, ukudweba, ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo, ezemithi nazo ziyavela, izincwadi, yonke into ichanyuselwa ngokuphelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuzalwa ezinye izinto eziningi ezesimanjemanje kakhulu: iMidlalo Yama-Olimpiki, inkundla yemidlalo yaseshashalazini, umsuka wezinto esizithintayo namhlanje futhi ezavela eminyakeni engama-2500 XNUMX eyedlule ngokufana okukhulu kunalokhu esinakho manje. Okutholakele okwaphela amakhulu eminyaka kunyamalala, kanti ukuvuselelwa kabusha kwakuyinhlangano ebasindisile kuze kube namuhla. Ngamafuphi, kungumsuka wethu. Futhi lokho kuzoheha abantu.
AL: Yisiphi isifundo esibaluleke kunazo zonke uSocrates asiletha sona?
MC: Yimpilo yakhe nokufa kwakhe, ubengumuntu ongazinikeli nhlobo, obesatshiswa ngokufa ngokulwela nokuphilela iqiniso nobulungiswa. Ngenxa yakhe, kwavela inhlangano ebaluleke kakhulu eyasimaka. Yimaphi amadoda aphawule indlela yokuziphatha kwamadoda noma ukukhonza njengesithenjwa? Ungacabanga ngoGandhi, kaJesu Kristu wamaKatolika; kuSocrates. Izimfundiso zakhe zaba yindlela yokuphila.
AL: Ama-Olimpiki, inkundla yemidlalo yaseshashalazini, izinto umuntu azigcinile kusukela eGrisi yasendulo, kepha ngabe kukhona ezinye izici ezingeni lezenhlalo noma lezepolitiki phakathi kwalelo Greece olichazayo neNtshonalanga yamanje okungenzeka ukuthi alikashintshi kangako?
MC: Ngokuphelele. Kukhona ukufana engikubonisa ngokuzithandela encwadini ngesimo sezepolitiki. Leyo kwakuyintando yeningi yokuqala emhlabeni, babengenabo ababengabhalisela izinkomba, kepha benza ubulwane obufanayo nobethu namuhla. Kwakungumhlangano lapho wonke umuntu avota khona, emsulwa kakhulu. Kepha njengoba u-Euripides asho, intando yeningi ingukubusa kobushiqela kwabaphikisayo. Ekugcineni beza, bakholisa wonke umuntu ngezinkanuko zabo futhi bathatha izinqumo ezimbi. Isibonelo, impi yePeloponnesian echazwe encwadini yathatha iminyaka engama-27 futhi kwakukhona izindlela eziningi zokuyinqanda ngokusebenzisa igama, kepha kwakukhona abantu abathile ababenquma ukuqhubeka nodlame ngenxa yesifiso sabo samandla , ngenxa yalezo zinkanuko.
AL: Futhi lokho kuyabamba?
MC: Yebo, ezombusazwe zivame ukuqhutshwa ngabantu abanomdlandla, futhi ngeshwa ngenxa yezizathu ezingezinhle kanye nezintshisekelo zabo. Ngakho-ke, ekugcineni, umphakathi wonkana uthatha izinqumo ezingezinhle ukuze kuzuze abambalwa abanekhono elikhulu lokuhambisa izinkanuko ezimbi kakhulu futhi ezingacabangi zomuntu.
AL: Ushilo izolo ukuthi uqale ukubhala le noveli ngesikhathi kuzalwa indodakazi yakho uLucia, owazalwa ene-Down Syndrome. Kwesinye isikhathi sithambekele ekubhaleni ngezihloko ezingase zihluke kakhulu kithina uma, empeleni, nathi sinezindaba zethu siqu noma ezengeziwe esingazilandisa Ngabe uke wacabanga ngokubhala inoveli esondelene kakhulu ekhuluma, isibonelo, a Ubudlelwano bukababa? ubani obhalayo nendodakazi enokukhubazeka?
MC: Yebo, engake ngacabanga ngakho ukudala inoveli esethwe namuhla lapho omunye wabalingiswa ene-Down Syndrome. Lokho kungangivumela ukuthi ngikhombise amaqiniso e-Down Syndrome, yize ngihlala ngizama ukukhombisa ngezindlela eziningi. Kungaba yindlela yokuqeda ubandlululo olukhona ngabo, kukhombisa ubuqiniso babo, lokho kulula. Ngaleyo ndlela impilo ilula kakhulu futhi nomphakathi ubamukela kakhulu. Kungaba yindlela engcono kakhulu yokuyikhombisa, ukudala umlingisi one-Down Syndrome engivumela ukuthi ngikhombise imininingwane ngaphandle kokuma ukukhuluma ngqo ngayo, ehlala ihlanganisiwe, ihlangene necebo. Bengilokhu ngicabanga ngakho, kepha futhi manje kungenzeka kungahambelani namaphrojekthi wami asondele kakhulu.
AL: Ungabeluleka uthini labo balobi abasebancane abalungiselela ukubhala inoveli yabo yokuqala?
MC: Ukuzikhandla, ukubekezela. Kuya ngokuthi hlobo luni lwenoveli, inqubo ingaba nzima kakhulu, ingumhlatshelo. Kungakho kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi iqiniso lokuloba lizokukhokhela. Uma, ngaphezu kwalokho, umsebenzi uba yimpumelelo, izingxenye ezengeziwe sezivele zisobala. Funa ukwaneliseka ngokubhala, hhayi impumelelo.
AL: Futhi ungathanda ukuziveza kubani ngomklomelo wePlaneta?
MC: Noma ngubani ofuna ukubhala inoveli futhi aphumelele ngayo. Lokhu ukuhweba futhi kufanele ufunde kuqala. Ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho ngifunda inoveli yeminyaka edlule futhi ngibona okuthile engingakuthandi, ngithi kimi, kuhle! Ngoba lokho kusho ukuthi ngiyakwazi ukubona ukuthi ngingakwenza kangcono futhi manje sengingakwenza. Lokho kufanele kucace bha. Ngaphandle kokuthi uyiMozart yokubhala, kulo msebenzi kujwayelekile ukuthi ufunde. Balekela ukuthopha futhi ufune ukugxekwa. Bese ulungisa futhi ulungise uze ukholise abagxeki.
AL: Uzokwenzenjani ngalo mklomelo?
MC: Okokuqala, uHacienda uthatha uhhafu (uyahleka). Njengawo wonke amanoveli amiu-10% uya ezinhlanganweni zabantu abakhubazekile. Ngemuva kwalokho ngizosabalalisa okusele eminyakeni emithathu kuze kube yinoveli elandelayo bese ngikhokha izikweletu.
AL: Yiziphi izinhlangano osebenzisana nazo?
MC: UGarrigou nguyena oqavile, kwazise usebenzisana nesikole sendodakazi yami. Futhi ne-Down Syndrome Foundation yaseMadrid. Lapho indodakazi yami isengumntwana ngamyisa khona futhi bayamukela kahle, ngemithi yokwelashwa komzimba, ukwelashwa kokukhuluma, ukukhuthaza Lokho kuyinto enhle kunazo zonke: ukubakhuthaza ukuthi bathuthukise amakhono abo, futhi endodakazini yami ukuvela kwezinto kwakumangalisa. Uthando abalutholayo kubazali, okuyisici engilusebenzela kanzima, nalo lubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba uma ubaba enobandlululo ngalesi sifo, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kungaba nzima kakhulu futhi kuhlale kunqatshwa njalo.