UBarbara Gil. Ingxoxo nombhali wencwadi ethi The Legend of the Volcano

UBarbara Gil, intatheli, umbhali kanye nothisha wemibhalo, ushicilela inoveli yakhe yesibili enesihloko esithi Inganekwane yentaba-mlilo okuphumayo namuhla emakethe. Kulokhu okubanzi ingxoxo Usitshela ngaye nangezinye izihloko eziningi mayelana nomhlaba wokushicilela kanye ne inqubo yokudala wezindaba zabo. Wena Ngiyabonga Isikhathi sakho esiningi nomusa.

UBarbara Gil - Ingxoxo 

• ACTUALIDAD LITERATURA: Inoveli yakho entsha inesihloko inganekwane yentaba-mlilo. Usitshelani ngakho futhi umqondo wavelaphi?

I-BARBARA GIL: Kuyinto a adventure zomlando nezothando, kodwa ngesigqi se Thriller, noma ngizamile. Ukwenza kube lula kakhulu: i-soap opera yomndeni, ukubulala, ukuqhubekela phambili okungavimbeki kukajantshi, ubugqila, ukuzalwa kwe-banana republic, ukukhulelwa kwe i-capitalism eLatin America, ukulwela umhlaba, ukutholakala kwe ingcebo yeminyaka eyinkulungwane, owesifazane phakathi kwamadoda amabili, ucansi noma i-salsaillo, njengoba abangane bami beyibiza kanjalo... Futhi eyodwa protagonista okuyinto, ngaphezu kwakho konke, a isihambi esikhulu.  

Ngithanda ukwenza abafundi bahambe. Costa Rica Ngayengwa yizizathu ezintathu: yizwe elingafuywanga, elingenabutho (uma ufika bakubingelele ngesimilo sabo.Impilo Emsulwa!, futhi yileyondlela ubungane nobubaluleke ngayo umlingiswa wamaTicos) kanye nezabo uhlaka lomlando es ethokozisayo, kodwa akwaziwa emphakathini jikelele.  

Lapho ngifunda Engikuthanda kakhulu ukufunda izinto ezintsha, ngakho ngathenga ithikithi lendiza futhi ngaya lapho ukuze ngiyophenya. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho, lapho ngibuza ngomlando wezwe ngemva kokukhululeka kwalo ngaphansi kweSpain ngo-1821, lapho ngabona khona ukuthi kwakujabulisa kangakanani ukuzalwa kwalo njengesizwe esixhumene nezwe. ukwakhiwa kukaloliwe wamaqhawe, okwaholela e umsebenzi i-meteoric khulisa wezitimela kanye namasimu kabhanana aseNyakatho Melika U-Cooper Keith omncane.

OwayenguMinor Cooper Keith

Indoda le wabhebhethekisa izimpi zikabhanana ukuze axhase ngezimali inkampani yakhe, kodwa futhi ngenxa yakhe waqala umjaho wokuthuthukiswa kwezenhlalakahle nezomnotho waseCosta Rica owasakazekela kulo lonke elaseLatin America. Kwakuyisifanekiso lokho wanquma isiphetho hhayi kuphela Costa Rica, kodwa yonke Americangisho nomhlaba. Bambiza ngeNkosi yaseCosta Rica engathwesi umqhele, kanye neNkosi kaBhanana. Igama elibi elithi "banana republics" lavela eduze kwesibalo sakhe. Kwenzeka kanjani ukuba kungabi khona inganekwane ngakho? Kukhona amadokhumentari, yebo, nezinye izincwadi nezindatshana eziningi zamaphephandaba, kodwa incwadi eqanjiwe yezentengiselwano, cha. Kuvela ku- Iminyaka eyikhulu yedwa, nakuba kungenakuqiniseka ukuthi nguye ngoba uGarcía Márquez akalisho igama lakhe.

Kwabe sekufika indaba kimi: Ngasungula isithandwa, okungaba umlingiswa oyinhloko, a intokazi enesibindi futhi ephuphayo, umhambi omkhulu owayengamelana nombono onqobayo we-Minor's capitalism imperialism, kanye ngendlela engokomfanekiso ingamelela impango ukuthi iCosta Rica yahlupheka phakathi naleyo minyaka yokuqala yokufuna ukwaziwa nenqubekelaphambili, abantu baseNyakatho Melika ababeyazi ukuthi bangayisebenzisa kanjani ukuze bazuze yona.

• U-AL: Uyakhumbula noma yikuphi ukufunda kwakho kokuqala? Futhi indaba yokuqala oyibhalile?

BG: Ngikhumbula ngezifundo zothando ezikhethekile ezangiphawula ebusheni, njengokuthi I-Alexandria Quartet, Ubugebengu nokujeziswa, Okubomvu nokumnyama, nokunye ukufundwa okube nomthelela ezihlokweni engithanda ukubhekana nazo (ukusinda, i-exoticism, ubunikazi bezizwe) njenge uhambe Nomoya, Izinkumbulo ze-Afrika o Impi nokuthula. Futhi-ke, amanoveli wokuzijabulisa lokho kwangisiza ngenza umlingiswa womlingiswa oyinhloko we-The Legend of the Volcano: Ama-Musketeers amathathu, Don Quixote, The Knight of the Cart, LGulliver's Travels, Isiqhingi samagugu, Emhlabeni jikelele ngezinsuku ezingama-80...

Ngokuphambene nabanye babafundi abasakhula abeza ezifundweni zami futhi abavele bengabhali neyodwa, kodwa amanoveli amaningana, ngifike sekuhlwile. Ngeminyaka yakhe wabhala imicabango, izigcawu, kodwa akukho lutho olungabizwa ngokuthi umlando. Ngabhala ezinye izindaba ngesikhathi seNyuvesiKodwa akukho engiziqhenya ngakho. Inoveli yami yokuqala Ngayibhala lapho ngineminyaka engamashumi amabili nesishiyagalolunye, i Iziqu zeMasters ezivela eMadrid School of Writers, futhi kwakuxakile futhi kuyisivivinyo kangangokuthi abanye othisha banginika u-0 abanye abangu-10. 

Ababhali, imikhuba yokudala kanye nezinhlobo

• AL: Umbhali oyinhloko? Ungakhetha ngaphezu kweyodwa nakuzo zonke izinkathi. 

BG: Ngiyabathanda wonke umuntu. Kuwukuthi ngiyathuthumela phambi kwalo mbuzo ngoba ngelinye ilanga ngizokutshela Elizabeth Allende, UMarguerite Duras, uGabriel Garcia Marquez, uMario UVargas Llosa, futhi ngakusasa, uJuan URulfo, Ignacio Ferrando, Alice UMunroe, izinja Murdoch, Duma. Futhi okulandelayo, Jack London, Raymond Carver, JD salinger, URay IBradbury, Philip Dick, Stanislaw Lem, Mikhail i-bulgakov… Yilowo nalowo uyise nonina. Futhi ngizohlala ngizwa ukukhungatheka kwawo wonke umuntu ukuthi angikutsheli ngoba uhlu alupheli. 

• AL: Yimuphi umlingiswa osencwadini obungathanda ukuhlangana naye futhi umakhe? 

BG: Alonso Quijano, Don Quixote. Noma inguqulo yayo ehlekisa kakhulu: D'Artagnan, i-Gascon Don Quixote. 

• AL: Yimiphi imikhuba noma imikhuba ekhethekile uma kukhulunywa ngokubhala noma ukufunda? 

BG: Yebo: Ngiyakuzonda ukuba nabantu uma ngisekhaya ngibhala. Nokho, emtatsheni wezincwadi noma endaweni yokudlela ngiyakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo ngokuphelele. Ngicabanga ukuthi kuhlobene nokwesaba ukuphazanyiswa lapho ngicwile esigcawini. Uma othile engishayela ucingo engibuza ukuthi angahlala yini izinsuku ezimbalwa endlini yami eMallorca, ngiba nesikhathi esibi ngoba ngiyakuzonda ukwenqaba, kodwa angikwazi ukusebenza nabantu. Uma ngibatshela bayangiphendula"Ungakhathazeki, ngeke ngikuhluphe", kodwa ngivele ngiqhanyelwe ngicabanga ukuthi ngeke ngisakwazi ukubhala.

Uma kunabantu endlini yami, ngingenza isiqiniseko sokuthi bakhululekile. Lokho akuhambisani nokubhala, okuwumsebenzi odinga ukuzihlukanisa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke lapho abantu beza (okuhlala eMallorca kuvame kakhulu), Ngiya emtatsheni wezincwadi noma endaweni yokudlela. 

• AL: Futhi indawo yakho oyithandayo nesikhathi sokwenza? 

BG: I Igumbi lokuphumula endlini yami, into yokuqala ekuseni, nenkomishi ye ikhofi. 

• AL: Ingabe zikhona ezinye izinhlobo ozithandayo? 

BG: Kunohlobo olulodwa kuphela olungangigculisi: i okuzenzakalelayo kwamanje, okubonakala sengathi akusoze kwaphuma esitayeleni. Kungidina kakhulu ukufunda kwabanye ababhali, labo babali abaqalayo ababonisa kuze kube yilapho ingqondo yakho yoma futhi ingabandakanyi noma yisiphi isenzo. Kungenzeka futhi ngoba Uma ngifunda ngithanda ukubalekela iqiniso ngokuphelele. Ngiyazi ukuthi ngingumuntu ohluke kakhulu, futhi anginabo ubulungisa kulolo hlobo, kodwa-ke, nginesiqiniseko sokuthi kuningi okuhlukile futhi ngivuleleke kakhulu ezincomweni, nakuba ngivuma ukuthi kunzima kimi ukucwilisa imizwa yami. amazinyo kulezo zincwadi.

• AL: Ufundani manje? Futhi ukubhala?

BG: Njengamanje ngifunda inoveli yakamuva ka Ignatius Ferrando, Amahemuhemu nezinambuzane. Uwine yonke indaba nemiqhudelwano yamanoveli eSpain (ehlonishwayo, hhayi leyo enikezwa kusenesikhathi), kanye nenqwaba yezifundo futhi, nokho, akwaziwa emphakathini omkhulu. Ukungabi nabulungisa okuhlobene kakhulu nesimo sokuhlela. Yiqiniso, nge le noveli Kubonakala sengathi abezindaba bagcina bemnake kakhulu, okuyinto bonke abafundi abazowina ngayo. 

Angibhali ngoba ngibhala igxile ekukhushulweni yenoveli, ezothengiswa kuzo zonke izitolo zezincwadi ngo 25 ngoMeyi, nasezifundweni zami zokubhala, okungumsebenzi ongisekelayo. Kodwa mina ukulungisa ukuthi inoveli leyo ebengikhuluma ngayo ngaphambili, leyo engabhala kuyo iziqu zenkosingoba ikhuluma ngesihloko esithi ukuhlakanipha okufakelwayolutho naye Isimo sezwe, okuwuhlobo lwamanoveli ami amabili okugcina. Yiqiniso, ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngizoqala ukucabanga ngendawo entsha engavamile yendaba yami elandelayo. Iziphakamiso zamukelwe. 

ukushicilela indawo

• AL: Ucabanga ukuthi indawo yokushicilela ikuphi futhi yini ethathe isinqumo sokuthi uzame ukushicilela?

BG: Kuningi kakhulu okushicilelwe futhi ukuthengisa kuhluka kakhulu: Izincwadi ezingu-90 ngonyaka, futhi amaphesenti angu-000 kuphela athengisa amakhophi angaphezu kuka-0,3… Whew. Ukhumbula ukuthi ababhali bahola u-3% wencwadi ngayinye njengomthetho, nokuthi inoveli enhle ithatha okungenani izinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye ukubhalwa (kuhlale kukhona okuhlukile), okushiya ababhali benemisila ilenga emoyeni. Abashicileli abakwazi ukubhekana nesimo futhi nabathengisi bezincwadi abasakwazi ukuthi bangakubeka kuphi okusha okungaka. Ngolunye usuku izincwadi eziyinkulungwane "ziyangena" futhi ezilandelayo zibuya zibe ziningi. Kuningi abafundi abangakhetha kukho abangazi ukuthi yini.

Ababhali abayishumi bangaphila ngalokhu lapho wonke amehlo kanye nesabelomali kunikezelwe khona. Kodwa ngingathini? Ukubhala kuwumuthi omubi, uthando olufaka thina babhali esixhunywe intamo singavumi. Angisoze ngakushiya, ngiphilela lokhu. 

Ngibe nenhlanhla enkulu, ngishicilelwe umshicileli onomlando negama elingango IPlaza noJanés, okwenza izinhlelo ezinakekelwa kakhulu, eziyigugu, ezinakekela imininingwane emincane kakhulu... futhi zihambisane Alberto Marcos, omunye wabamemezeli abahamba phambili eSpain, okuyinto indiza phezu kombhalo njengokhozi, njengokungathi inikezwe isipho sokuhlanganisa umbono obanzi kunokuvamile, futhi lokho kukunikeza njalo umbono onembile nobukhali wendaba ngayinye ewela ezandleni zayo. Lokho kunengqondo yakho konke esimweni sami. Ithimba le-Plaza lenza umzamo womuntu uhlale ufanelekile futhi ugxile kulokho okubaluleke kakhulu: ukuthi abafundi bazijabulele izindaba.

• AL: Usiphatha kanjani lesi sikhathi esiphila kuso? Ingabe ukuthola kukhuthaza ezindabeni zesikhathi esizayo?

BG: Ngikuthola kukhuthaza isihloko se-AI, nakuba ngazi ukuthi ivusa ukwesaba okuningi futhi ibangele izihloko zezindaba ezibhubhisayo, ezingapheli. I share the ukukhathazeka ngenxa yemisebenzi engayiqeda, nakuba ngivuma ukuthi iyangithakasela ukuthi ingawathuthukisa kanjani wonke amakhono ethu: ukucabanga, ukufunda, ukusungula izinto nokuhlela. Futhi, njengoba ngike ngasho ngaphambili, iyangikhuthaza kuleyo noveli engiyibuyekezayo.

Ngokuqondene nezinye izindaba ezifana ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu futhi i ukukhiqiza ngokweqile, yinto engibhekane nayo ngokugcwele enovelini yami yokuqala, Iminduze yamanzi ekhanya emanzini adabukisayo, isiqu esiyisingathekiso esihumushayo inhlonipho kwabesifazane abashona ekuweni kwemboni yaseBangladeshi ngo-2013. Ukwesaba okusha inkinga yezezimali ayingikhuthazi, mina kuyethusa, okufanayo nempi ku Ukraine, nakwamanye amazwe amaningi, esincamela ukukushaya indiva ngoba sibambeke ebholeni eselikhule ngendlela yokuthi lishayelwa yi-inertia kuphela. kanye nezindaba ze ubhadane lwezifo Ngiyawathanda amanoveli nochungechunge lwethelevishini, kodwa njenge Eqinisweni enye indaba leyo ukwesaba.