Uhlu lwezincwadi ezinconywe nguJoseph Brodsky, uNobel Prize in Literature

Uyazi ukuthi wayengubani uJoseph Brodsky? Uma wazi ukuthi wayeyimbongi yaseRussia-yaseMelika, ngabe kukhona okunye okwaziyo ngokuphila kwakhe okwehlukile? Uyazi ukuthi wafundani nokuthi waba kanjani Umklomelo kaNobel Ezincwadini ngonyaka 1987? Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela cishe konke ngaye futhi sizophinda sithole ukuthi yiluphi uhlu lwezincwadi ezinconyiwe aluleka abafundi bakhe baseMount Holyoke.

Ubuwazi lokhu ngoJoseph Brodsky?

• Wazalelwa futhi wakhulela edolobheni lasendulo lase ILeningrad, iSaint Petersburg yamanje.
• Washiya isikole eneminyaka engu-15 kuphela Noma kunalokho, waxoshwa, futhi ngaleso sikhathi wayenemisebenzi ehlukahlukene efika ku-7 ngezikhathi ezithile (umakhenikha, emakhazeni, efektri, ezindlini zokugcina izithombo, njll.).
• Selokhu wayeka isikole waphenduka i-autodidact: Wafunda incwadi nencwadi futhi lokhu kwamholela ekutheni abe nomsebenzi omuhle wakusasa.
• Kwakuyi- umhumushi owaziwayoWayenekhono kulo futhi enikezwa imisebenzi yalo.
• Wanikeza amakilasi ezincwadi emanyuvesi ahlukene aseMelika.
• Ubhale izinkondlo eziningi ngesiRashiya kodwa nangesiNgisi, okuzoba wulimi lwakhe olusha uma esefudukele eMelika.
• Ngaphandle kwezinkondlo, wayenza ama-eseyi nemidlalo.
• Wadlula emhlabeni ngo-1996 eNew York.

Amabhuku owancomile

Kwelinye lamakilasi akhe ezincwadi, uJoseph Brodsky watusa kubafundi bakhe uhlu olubanzi kakhulu lwe izincwadi ngokusho kwakhe ezazidingeka ukuzifunda ukuze zikwazi ukugcina ingxoxo eshelelayo nebanzi nomuntu. Zimi kanje:

1. Umbhalo ongcwele wamaHindu «Bhagavad Gita »
2. Umbhalo oyingqophamlando ovela eNdiya: "Mahabharata"
3. "I-Epic kaGilgamesh"
4. Itestamente elidala
5. Iliad, I-Odyssey kusuka kuHomer
6. Izincwadi zomlando eziyisishiyagalolunye, UHerodotus
7. Izinhlekelele nguSophocles
8. Izinhlekelele de ingwejeje
9. Izinhlekelele ngu-Euripides
10. "Impi yePeloponnesian"nguThucydides
11. "Izingxoxo", kusuka kuPlato
12. Inkondlo, I-physics, Izimilo, Okomphefumulo lika-Aristotle
13. Izinkondlo zase-Alexandria
14. «Ngemvelo yezinto » nguLucrecio
15. «Izimpilo ezifanayo ", nguPlutarco
16. "I-Aeneid", "I-Bucolic », "IsiGeorgia », nguVirilioo
17. "Ama-Annal", nguTacitus
18. "I-Metamorphosis", "AmaHeroidas », "Ubuciko bokuthanda », ngu-Ovid
19. Incwadi Entsha yeTestamente
20. "Izimpilo zabaseKhesari abayishumi nambili", nguSuetonio
21. "Izizindlo", ngu-Marco Aurelio
22. «Izinkondlo», nguCátulo
23. «Izinkondlo», nguHoracio
24. "Izinkulumo", ngu-Epícteto
25. «Amahlaya», ngu-Aristophanes
26. "Umlando Ohlukahlukene", "Ngohlobo lwezilwane ”, nguClaudio Eliano
27. «I-Argonáuticas», ngu-Apollonius waseRhodes
28. "Izimpilo Zababusi baseByzantium", ngu-Miguel Psellos
29. "Umlando wokwehla nokuwa koMbuso WaseRoma", ngu-Edward Gibbon
30. "Ukujoyina", de Plotinus
31. "Umlando weSonto", ngu-Eusebio
32. "Ukududuza kwefilosofi", nguBoecio
33. "Amakhadi", nguPliny Omncane
34. Izinkondlo zaseByzantine
35. "Izingcezu", nguHeraclitus
36. "Ukuvuma", LaseSan Agustín
37. «Summa Theologica», kaSanta Thomas Aquinas
38. «Izimbali ezincane», kaSanta Francis wase-Assisi
39. "INkosana", nguNiccolò Machiavelli
40. "Amahlaya", nguDante Alighieri
41. "Amanoveli angamakhulu amathathu"nguFranco Sacchetti
42. Ama-Sagas ase-Iceland
43. UWilliam Shakespeare ngemidlalo yakhe ethi «U-Antony noCleopatra », "I-Hamlet », "IMacbeth » Y "UHenry V »
44. Izincwadi zikaFrançois Rabelais
45. Izincwadi zikaFrancis Bacon
46. Imisebenzi ekhethiwe, ULuther
47. UCalvin: "Isikhungo senkolo yobuKristu"
48. UMichel de Montaigne: "Izindatshana"
49. UMiguel de Cervantes: "UDon Quixote"
    
50. URene Descartes: "Izinkulumo"
51. Ingoma kaRolando
52. Beowulf
53. UBenvenuto Cellini
54. "Imfundo kaHenry Adams" nguHenry Adams
55. "ILeviyathani" nguThomas Hobbes
56. "Imicabango" nguBlaise Pascal
57. "IPharadesi Elilahlekile" nguJohn Milton
58. John Donne Izincwadi
59. Andrew Marvell Izincwadi
60. UGeorge Herbert Books
61. Izincwadi zikaRichard Crashaw
62. "Izivumelwano", nguBaruch Spinoza
63. "I-Charterhouse yeParma", "Okubomvu nokumnyama », "Impilo kaHenry Brulard », nguStendhal
64. "Ukuhamba kukaGulliver", nguJonathan Swift
65. «Impilo nemibono yomnumzane UTristram Shandy », nguLaurence Sterne
66. "Ubudlelwano obuyingozi", nguChoderlos de Laclos
67. "Izinhlamvu zasePheresiya", ngu I-Baron de Montesquieu
68. "Isivumelwano sesibili mayelana nohulumeni womphakathi", nguJohn Locke
69. "Ingcebo Yezizwe", ngu-Adam Smith
70. "Inkulumo nge-metaphysics", nguGottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
71. Konke kukaDavid Hume
72. 'Amaphepha E-Federalist'
73. "Ukuhlaziywa kwesizathu esimsulwa", ngu-Immanuel Kant
74. "Ukwesaba nokuqhaqhazela", "Kuphakathi kokunye noma okunye », "Imvuthuluka yefilosofi », nguSøren Kierkegaard
75. "Izinkumbulo zomhlaba ongaphansi", "I-Los amademoni ", ngu-Fyodor Dostoyevsky
76. "Intando yeningi eMelika", ngu-Alexis de Tocqueville
77. "Ubukhazikhazi", "Ukuhambela e-Italia ", nguJohann Wolfgang von Goethe
78. "Russia", we-Astolphe-Louis-Léonor noMarquis de Custine
79. "AmaMimesisi", ngu-Eric Auerbach
80. "Umlando wokunqotshwa kweMexico", de UWilliam H. Prescott
81. "ILabyrinth of Solitude, ngu-Octavio Paz
82. Umbono wocwaningo lwesayensi », "Umphakathi ovulekile kanye nezitha zawo ", nguSir Karl Popper
83. "IMisa namandla", ngu-Elias Canetti