Yolanda Guerrero. Udliwano-ndlebe nombhali weMini uMama wam wadibana no-Audrey

Yolanda Guerrero unembali ende njengoko intatheli (El País) kwaye ngo-2017 wapapasha inoveli yakhe yokuqala, Inkanyamba kunye nebhabhathane umzuzwana, Mariela, yavela emva kweminyaka emibini kwaye oku kuye kwabonisa Mhla umama wadibana no-Audrey. Kule nto udliwano ndlebe Usixelela ngaye nangeminye imixholo. Enkosi kakhulu ngexesha lakho kunye nobubele.

Yolanda Guerrero. Udliwano-ndlebe

• ACTUALIDAD LITERATURA: Inoveli yakho entsha inesihloko Mhla umama wadibana no-Audrey. Usixelela ntoni ngayo kwaye yavela phi le mbono?

U-YOLANDA GUERRERO: Kwakungeyona nje ingcamango enye, kodwa ezininzi ndizama ukuhlanganisana ndithatha umzuzu wembali njengendawo yokuqala: i-60. Kwakuyixesha elinomdla. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imimoya yenkululeko yayivuthuza ngendlela yomculo, imfashini, i-cinema ... Ngakolunye uhlangothi, yonke le mimoya yathatha ixesha elide ukufikelela eSpeyin kunamanye amazwe kwaye, xa yenzayo, ihlolwe yi. ukuvalwa kweFrancoism kade. I-Beatles kunye namaqamza e-hedonistic afana ne-Marbella eyazalwa yayihlala kunye nezenzo zobutshaba bamazwe ngamazwe ezifana nokubethelwa kweSango laseGibraltar.

Kwaye, phakathi kwayo yonke le nto, ndacinga, ngaba babeza kwenza ntoni abathandi ababini abathandanayo ngaphezu kwazo zonke iinguqu? Yaye ngekwakwenzeke ntoni ukuba babenokudibana nomfazi okhethekileyo ngokobuntu njengoAudrey Hepburn, owayehlala eSpeyin ngelo xesha? wazalwa ngolo hlobo Mhla umama wadibana no-Audrey.

• AL: Ngaba ungabuyela kwincwadi yokuqala oyifundileyo? Kwaye ibali lokuqala olibhalileyo?

YG: Enjani yona imibuzo emnandi! Ewe, zombini. Ndikhumbula ezimbini zokuqala ezandichukumisayo zaza zahlala nam ngonaphakade. Bobabini yayiziinguqulelo zabantwana ICixixote kunye I-Odisea, endayifunda ndisemncinane kakhulu, mhlawumbi xa ndandineminyaka emine okanye emihlanu ubudala, kuba ndaqalisa ukufunda ndiselula kakhulu. Babenemizobo embalwa kunye neetekisi ezininzi, kodwa mna hitch bona. Ndazifunda ndaphinda ndazifunda ngokungapheliyo. Ndicinga ukuba ndisabambekile, kodwa kwezantlandlolo, kwezo zokwenyani, endazifunda ngokukhawuleza kangangoko ndinako.

Ndikhumbula nebali lokuqala endalibhalayo. Yayilibali endalibhala xa ndandineminyaka eyi-12 ubudala. Yayinesihloko Inyanga ayisabenyeli. Utitshala othandekayo wandikhuthaza ukuba ndiyingenise kukhuphiswano loncwadi lwabantwana kwaye yaphumelela ibhaso lesibini. 

• AL: Umbhali oyintloko? Unokukhetha ngaphezu kweyodwa nakwezinye iindawo. 

YG: Ewe, eyokuqala yile Miguel de Cervantes nge ICixixoteIncwadi yam endiyithandayo ngalo lonke ixesha. Yaye uGabriyeli uyamlandela ngokusondeleyo kakhulu. UGarcia Marquez, nangona kwimeko yakhe ndicinga ukuba ndiyazithanda, ngomlinganiselo omkhulu okanye omncinane, zonke iincwadi zakhe; Ukuba bekufuneka ndikhethe ezimbini kuzo, Iminyaka eyikhulu yedwa y Uthando ngamaxesha ekholera. Kwaye ke kukho ezininzi: Saramago, Joyce, Kafka, Sartre, Camus, nietzsche… Hayi indlela ekunzima ngayo ukukhetha!

• AL: Nguwuphi umlinganiswa osencwadini onqwenela ukudibana naye kunye nokwenza? 

YG: Uxolo ngokuphinda-phinda, kodwa loo mlingiswa, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, UDon Quijote de La Mancha. Uneenkalo ezininzi, ubulumko obuninzi, intanda-bulumko, isigqebelo, ubuntu, yonke into… yenza umlinganiswa ofanayo. UDon Quixote usuka kwenye ingcaphephe engenakulinganiswa.

• AL: Ngaba unayo nayiphi na imikhwa okanye imikhwa xa kufikwa ekubhaleni nasekufundeni? 

YG: Ngaphambi kokuba uhlale phantsi ubhale Ndiyathanda ukwenza a isishwankathelo sobude obude. Inde kakhulu, ngamanye amaxesha ukuya kumaphepha angama-20. Ingathi ndiqale ndizixelele le nto ndifuna ukuyithetha kule noveli. Okokuqala, kufuneka ndiyenze icace gca ephepheni into endifuna ukuyibalisa kunye nendlela yokwenza, kwaye ke kufuneka ndilandele izikhokelo zam. 

kwaye ngexesha leer, ndinomkhwa ochaseneyo: andidli ngokufumana ulwazi ngeeflaps, Andifuni ukwazi ukuba incwadi ingantoni naNdingenalo noluncinci uluvo. Ndiyathanda ukujongana namaphepha angenanto kwaye ndivumele umbhali azalise. Nangona ungawazi umxholo wencwadi, emva kokufunda uphononongo lwencwadi kunye nokugxekwa, ngamanye amaxesha kunzima kakhulu.

• AL: Kwaye indawo oyikhethileyo kunye nexesha lokwenza oko? 

YG: Ndinezithethe ezimbini ezichaseneyo nokwenza enye into okanye enye: ukwenza ubhale, ndikhetha i ngentsasa. Ndivuka ekuseni qha ndisabhala incwadi. Ndivuka ekuseni kakhulu kwaye ndithatha ithuba lokuthula kunye nokuzola kokusa ukuze ndibhale. Nangona kunjalo, kuba leer Ndikhetha i i-noche. Kwaye, ukuba kunokwenzeka, ebhedini. Andikhumbuli ubusuku, kungakhathaliseki ukuba kunzima okanye kusemva kwexesha kangakanani kum, apho ndingazange ndifunde imigca embalwa ngaphambi kokuba ndilale.

• AL: Ngaba zikhona ezinye iintlobo ozithandayo? 

YG: Ndibathanda bonkeEnyanisweni, ukuba nje ziluncwadi olulungileyo. Sikholelwa ukuba intsomi lolona hlobo luthandwayo lwabafundi, ukanti enye yeziganeko ezinkulu zokupapasha kumaxesha akutshanje Ubuncwane engcongolweni, nguIrene Vallejo, esisincoko esibalaseleyo ngemvelaphi yembali yale ncwadi. Ndijoyina abantu abawuthandayo lo msebenzi kunye nolo hlobo. Kwaye ndiyagxininisa: naluphi na uhlobo, ukuba nje lubhalwe kakuhle kwaye lubhalwe, lolona hlobo lwam ndiluthandayo.

Ufundo

• AL: Ufunda ntoni ngoku? Ukubhala?

YG: Ndim ngoku Ukuphumla yokubhala, kuba Mhla umama wadibana no-Audrey Ingene kwesinye sezigaba endithanda kakhulu kwinoveli: ukudibana nabafundi. Lixesha lokuba i ntetho, Las utyikityo, iziganeko kwiivenkile zeencwadi… Iyonwabisa kakhulu.

I also take advantage of periods ndingabhali ukufunda iincwadi ebendizigcinile, kuba ngelixesha ndibhalayo ndimane ndifunda ezo zindikhonzayo ndizibhale ngokwam. Okwangoku ndingene ngaphakathi kwaye ndinomdla kakhulu Abakhethiweyokumhlobo omkhulu Nando Lopez; Ayiyonoveli ebhalwe ngokumangalisayo kuphela, kodwa iyimfuneko kakhulu, ibalulekile ukwazi ukungabikho kobulungisa okwenziwa kungekudala kweli lizwe ngokuchasene namafanasini.

Naye undilindile phezu kwetafile uya kuxhentsa engcwabeni lam, ukusuka komnye umhlobo olungileyo, uAlba Carballal; Yinoveli yesibini yombhali osemtsha osele engene kuncwadi ngomnyango wangaphambili. Ezinye endiza kutsibela kuzo kungekudala, phakathi kwezinye ezininzi, zi Ulwaphulo-mthetho, nguCarmen Chaparro; oothixonguJesús Ruiz Mantilla; Imvukelo yabalungileyo, nguRoberto Santiago… Bonke bangabahlobo bam nabo, kodwa andibafundeli nje loo nto. Kukuba babhale kakuhle kakhulu…!

Yolanda Guerrero kwindawo yokushicilela

• AL: Ucinga ukuba unjani umcimbi wopapasho?

YG: Okumangalisayo kukuba, imarike yopapasho iphumile yomelezwe kubhubhane. Ingeniso ka-2021 inyuke nge-5,6%, elona liphezulu inyusa yenkulungwane. Ndicinga ukuba yayiyenye yezinto ezimbalwa ezilungileyo (ukuba yayingeyiyo yodwa) la maxesha amnyama ekoronavirus asishiyayo. Abanye abantu bakhalaza ukuba iincwadi ezininzi zipapashwa eSpain, zininzi kakhulu. Ngokwedatha ka-2021, phantse izihloko ezingama-93.000 ngaloo nyaka. Kum, nangona kunjalo, oku ayisosizathu sokukhalaza. Ezinye zezo ncwadi ziya kuba zilungile, ezinye aziyi. Kodwa zizibonakaliso ezibalulekileyo: umtsalane obonakaliswa luncwadi. Ukuyifunda okanye ukuyibhala. Ilizwe elinabantu abafunda okubhaliweyo baze bafune ukuqalisa kwi-adventure efanayo lilizwe elinethemba.

• KWI: Ngaba eli xesha siphila kulo nzima kuwe okanye uya kukwazi ukugcina into elungileyo kwiinkalo zenkcubeko nezentlalo?

YG: Ngokuchaseneyo nento endiyithethileyo kwimpendulo yam yangaphambili, eyona nto inzima kum ukuba ndiyicinge kwaye ndiyamkele kukwanda kobuxoki. Kwaye le nto yinto enqamlezileyo, echaphazela zonke iinkalo: inkcubeko, intlalo, ezopolitiko, inkolo ... Andikwazi ukuqonda ukuba, kunye nazo zonke iindlela zolwazi esinalo, ngokukhawuleza, phantse ngokukhawuleza, sizimisele ukukholelwa nayiphi na inkohliso. ngaphandle kokuyichasanisa kwaye kuphela ngenxa yokuba ihambelana neengcamango zethu zangaphambili.

Ndiza kuziphikisa koko bendikuthethile ngaphambili: ilizwe elizimisele ukuzivumela nxilisa ngobuxoki, nokuba yintoni na, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ayinakwenzeka kangakanani na, ngaphandle kokuzihlupha ngokuziphanda, unokuba lilizwe. engenathemba.