Ngubani ongayifundanga i- "Lazarillo de Tormes"?

Ngokukhankanya le ncwadi ingqondo yam ibuyela umva ngexesha kwaye iyeka kwiminyaka yokuqala yesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo. Ngaba ungaba nawo, mangaphi? Ishumi elinesithathu okanye ishumi elinesine leminyaka, mhlawumbi. Kwaye njengam, ndicinga ukuba uninzi lwenu niyifundile le ncwadi "isiqingatha" sinyanzelwe ngutitshala wolwimi noncwadi owayedlala ngaloo nyaka.

Inyani yile yokuba andinazo iinkumbulo ezimbi zokuyifunda, nangona bendilulwimi olungasasebenzi kwaphela namhlanje kwaye ndiyifundile phantse ngaphandle kwesibophelelo sesikolo. Unokuthi ngokuchaseneyo, ndicinga ukuba ndiyakhumbula Ndiyithandile ngeloxesha kwaye andizukucinga ngokufunda kwakhona ukuba bendingenako ukufundwa okulindileyo kunye neencwadi ezininzi ezintsha nezilungileyo zokuzifumana. Siza kuthetha ngesi sihloko kwelinye inqaku, malunga nokuphinda ufunde iincwadi okanye ukuqala ukufunda okutsha (ucinga ntoni ngesi sihloko?).

Kulungile, namhlanje ndize kuthetha nawe malunga noku picaresque inoveli yohlobo nokubaluleka kwayo ngexesha layo.

Inoveli yokuqala yohlobo lwepicaresque

Ingabonakala njengenye inoveli ye-picaresque, kodwa ayifani naleyo, ngokuchasene noko "ULazarillo de Tormes" Inokubaluleka okukhethekileyo ukuba ayikho enye uhlobo lwepicaresque enayo, kwaye yayiyeyona noveli yokuqala yohlobo lwayo.

De umbhali ongaziwayo Namhlanje, Ababhali abaninzi kuye kwathiwa kuye kule minyaka, phakathi kwabo: UJuan de Ortega, uGeorge Hurtado de Mendoza, abantakwabo Juan noJ Alfonso de Valdés, Sebastián de Horozco okanye Lope de Rueda, phakathi kwabanye abaninzi.

Akufuneki ukuba, yinoveli yaseSpain, ngo Uhlobo lweepistolary kwaye kunjalo ibhalwe kuqala. Umhla wokuqala wokupapashwa ngu 1554. Inoveli enemeko ebaluleke kakhulu kuluntu lwaseSpain ngalo mzuzu, iyinyani, ide ibe kumda we inkohlakalo ngamanye amaxesha embali.

Ingaba ingantoni?

ULazaro, ophambili, uvela Imvelaphi ethobekileyo kwaye ihlwempuzekile, ke kuye kwafuneka ukuba baqonde ukuba siphila kwindawo ekhohlakeleyo nenobuhanahanisi kwaye kunzima kakhulu. Okulandelayo, sishwankathela zonke izigaba ekubaliswa ngazo le ncwadi, uninzi lwazo zinxulumene "neenkosi" uLazaro anazo:

• Imvelaphi kaLazaro: Iakhawunti yakhe ngobomi bakhe iqala ngokuchaza iimeko zokuzalwa kwakhe kunye nobuntwana, zombini ziphawulwe lihlazo kunye nentlupheko.

• Imfama, inkosi yayo yokuqala: Umama kaLazaro umnika umfana omncinci kakhulu kwimfama. Kunye naye kuye kufuneke afunde ukusinda njengoko ehlelwa ziintlekele ezinkulu. Ngeli xesha xa uLazaro ephumelela obona buqili.

• U-squire, uthando lwakhe lwesithathu: Emva kwendoda eyimfama, uLázaro ukhonza umfundisi obawayo nozingcayo ophantse angaze amondle, kwaye kamva ufikile. Oku kunye nokucalulwa kwakhe okuhle kuyamthintela ekusebenzeni, ke uLázaro ukwanguye okwaziyo ukufumana ukutya kwaye akusasaze kunye naye. Le squire ivila, nangona kunjalo, yeyokuqala ukuphatha uLázaro ngentlonipho, kodwa iyabaleka kwaye kwakhona umlungiseleli ushiyeke yedwa.

• Khonza ezininzi: U-Lazaro ukhonza i-friar, umthengisi weenkomo, umfundisi, kunye ne-bailiff. Emva koko wafumana umsebenzi wokuba ngumgcini weedolophu eToledo kwaye watshata isicakakazi seArchpriest yaseSan Salvador.

• Isigaba seArchpriest yaseSan Salvador: Okokugqibela, uLázaro ukwazile ukuphumelela kwaye akakhathali ngentlebendwane ekhoyo malunga nenkosikazi yakhe kunye nolwalamano analo nomfundisi omkhulu. Umzekelo woku unokubonwa kumhlathi olandelayo okhutshwe kule ncwadi:

-Lázaro de Tormes, ekufuneka ejonge amazwi eelwimi ezimbi akasokuze aphumelele Nditsho ngoba andizothuka xa ndibona umfazi wakho engena endlini yam emshiya. Ungena kakhulu kuzuko lwakho nakum. Kwaye ndiyakuthembisa. Ke ngoko sukujonga into abanokuyithetha, kodwa yile unayo, ndiyitsho, ukuze kulunge kuwe.

 

Ndathi: "Mnumzana," ndaye ndagqiba kwelokuba ndisondele kubafana abalungileyo. Kuyinyani ukuba abanye babahlobo bam bandixelele into malunga noku, kwaye nangaphezulu kokuphindwe kathathu bandingqinile ukuba, ngaphambi kokuba anditshate, waye wazala kathathu, ethetha ngentlonipho ngoBabalo Lwakho, kuba uphambili yakho.