Javier Alandes. Ukufota: iprofayile ye-IG yombhali.
Javier Alandes UnguValencian kwaye uphumelele kwi-Economics. Umsebenzi wakhe wobugcisa uphuhliswe phakathi kubhala kunye qeqesho ukongeza kwiinkomfa ezingoshishino, Ukuxoxa ngamabali kunye nezakhono ezinqamlezileyo. Upapashe iinoveli Umdlalo wokubuya, I-Ballad kaDavid Crowe o Ubomi obuthathu bomzobi wokukhanya. Kule nto udliwano ndlebe isixelela ngeyamva nje, Ukujonga kokugqibela kukaGoya. Ndiyabulela kakhulu ngexesha lakho kunye nobubele.
Javier Alandes - Udliwano-ndlebe
- ACTUALIDAD LITERATURA: Inoveli yakho entsha epapashiweyo inesihloko Ukujonga kokugqibela kukaGoya. Usixelela ntoni kuyo?
UJAVIER ALANDES: Ngowe-1888, emva kothethathethwano olude, uJoaquín Pereyra, unozakuzaku waseSpeyin eBordeaux, wafumana imvume yokukhupha isidumbu. iintsalela zikaFrancisco de Goya ukusuka kumangcwaba eLa Chartreuse eBordeaux kwaye ubabuyisele eSpain. Umzobi wendalo yonke waseSpain wafela apho kwiminyaka engamashumi amathandathu eyadlulayo. Yintoni eya kuba luloyiso olukhulu lwezozakuzo lwawa xa, ekuvuleni i-crypt, bafumanisa ukuba kukho imizimba emibini —eyesibini ekuqaleni babengazi ukuba yekabani—yaye amathambo kaGoya ayeswele ukakayi.
Yiyo ibali lokwenyani ngokupheleleyo, ndaye ndadibana nayo ndaba nomdla wokwazi ukuba kwakunokwenzeka ntoni ngentloko kaGoya nokuba ifumaneka phi. Le mibuzo mibini ngu-a imfihlelo enkulu oko akukaphenduli, kwaye ndagqiba ekubeni ndinike ingcaciso enokwenzeka kubo bobabini.
Ke, kwinoveli ye-adventure kwisitayela esisulungekileyo sakudala, siya kuyazi kwiinyanga zokugqibela zobomi bukaGoya eBordeaux —wagxothwa ngenxa yempindezelo kaFerdinand VII nxamnye neenkcuba-buchopho zenkululeko— iyelenqe lokubulala umzobi, abantu abanomsebenzi wokumkhusela nephulo lakhe lokufuna ukungafi. Kwaye, ngexesha elifanayo, xa i-crypt yayo ivuliwe, uphando lwe isibini esikhethekileyo sabacuphi ukuzama ukufumanisa apho ukhakhayi lunokuba khona.
- AL: Ngaba ungabuyela kwincwadi yokuqala oyifundileyo? Kwaye ibali lokuqala olibhalileyo?
UJA: Ndazalwa ngowe-1974 yaye, kambe ke, iindlela zokuzonwabisa esasinazo ebuntwaneni zazikude lee kule sinayo ngoku. Ngoko ke, ukufunda kwakungowona msebenzi ubalulekileyo. Ndikhumbula ndisitya ii-comics IMortadelo kunye neFayilemon, ze I-Astérix, ze Tintin… Kodwa Incwadi yokuqala endikhumbulayo ndiyifunda yayinguFray Perico y su donkey. Elo xesha lokuqala xa ugqiba ibali apho phantse yonke into ibhalwe kwaye uzive ngathi uyiqondile kwaye uyifanisile lixesha elihlala lihleli kwinkumbulo yakho.
Emva koko bawela ezandleni zam iincwadi ezinemifanekiso nguBruguera, yaye xa ndandisele ndineminyaka elishumi ubudala ndandikwazi ukufunda iRobinson Crusoe, iTreasure Island, iKapteni eneminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu ubudala okanye IiMusketeers ezintathu. Yayizizifundo eziqhelekileyo zesizukulwana sethu. Kwaye amabali ahlala ephawulwe ngonaphakade ngaphakathi kwethu.
Kodwa ukwenza ibali kwaye ukwazi ukubalisa ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ekugqibeleni kufuna ufundo oluninzi kunye namabali amaninzi aqokelelweyo. Ewe ndikwazile ukubhala amabali amafutshane ukusuka kwiminyaka elishumi elinesibini. Kodwa andizange ndibe neminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo, sele ndikwikholeji, xa ndakwazi ukuthetha into enentsingiselo ethile.
Ababhali nabalinganiswa
- AL: Umbhali oyintloko? Unokukhetha ngaphezu kweyodwa nakwezinye iindawo.
JA: Ndihlala ndisithi andingombhali, kodwa oko Ndingumfundi omane ebhala inoveli. Kukho iindidi ezimbini eziphawula ubomi bam bokufunda: amabali ohambo kunye namabali abacuphi.
Ngale ndlela, nakufundo lwam lokuqala, uJoseph Conrad, EMelville, Stevenson o IVerne Ngabo babhali osoloko ubuyela kubo. NjengoAgatha Christie, UConan Doyle okanye Georges Simenon. Kodwa ukuba kufuneka ndibize umntu ireferensi, kunjalo UArturo Pérez-Reverte.
- AL: Nguwuphi umlinganiswa osencwadini onqwenela ukudibana naye kunye nokwenza?
JA: Thina babhali sithathela ingqalelo kakhulu ukuba ababhali esibancomayo baluhlobo olunjani lobugcisa. Indlela abasenza ngayo isakhiwo, iploti ephambili kunye ne-subplots kwaye, ngaphezu kwakho konke, abalinganiswa.
USherlock Holmes Ungumlinganiswa wam ophambili lowo uConan Doyle, ukongeza ekumnikeni ubuntu obuntsonkothileyo, wakha indlela yokunciphisa ejikelezayo eqhubeka nokuba yinkuthazo nanamhlanje. Ke, uHolmes ngumlinganiswa endingathanda ukudibana naye.
Kwaye malunga nomlinganiswa endingathanda ukuwenza, ndishiywe Fermin Romero de Torres, uphawu lwesibini alwenzileyo UCarlos Ruiz Zafon en Isithunzi somoya. Hustler, scoundrel, kunye nexesha elidlulileyo alifihlayo kodwa ngentliziyo enkulu. Ngendlela ekhethekileyo yokuthetha kunye ne-bulletproof stoicism.
Isiko
- AL: Ngaba unayo nayiphi na imikhwa okanye imikhwa xa kufikwa ekubhaleni nasekufundeni?
JA: Ngaphezulu kwe-quirks, ndingathi "izithethe." Sonke thina ababhalayo siba nemikhwa njengoko sisiya sazana.
Eyona nto ndiyithandayo kukuba qala kwaye ugqibezele isahluko kwiseshoni enye yokubhala. Kuba izahluko zam zimalunga namagama angama-3.000, phakathi kokufunda izahluko ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, ukubhala isahluko esibuzwayo kunye nokusihlaziya, kundithatha malunga neeyure ezintlanu. Ke, ukuba andinazo iiyure ezintlanu, andiqalisi ukubhala.
- AL: Kwaye indawo oyikhethileyo kunye nexesha lokwenza oko?
JA: Andinalo ixesha endilithandayo, kuba andinakusoloko ndicwangcisa iiyure ezintlanu endizinikezela kwiiseshoni zam ngaxeshanye. kodwa ndiyaziva ndikhululeke kakhulu kwiofisi yam yasekhaya, ndingqongwe ziincwadi, iipowusta kunye nengqokelela yam yezinto zemuvi, ezindikhuthaza kakhulu.
Isitulo sam, ikhompyuter yam kunye nokufakwa kwejinja.
- AL: Ngaba zikhona ezinye iintlobo ozithandayo?
JA: Njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, i isini se Iihambo kunye umcuphi zezona ndizithandayo. Kodwa nam ndafunda kakhulu into engeyonyani yebuchwepheshe. Ngaphandle kokuya phambili, ndiphinde ndafunda iincwadi ezintathu ze-Three Body Trilogy, nguCixin Liu.
Nam ndiyathanda ifantasy, kwaye ndihlala ndilinde ukuvalwa kwe Kingslayer Trilogy, nguPatrick Rothfuss (othatha ixesha elide kunokuba bekulindelwe).
- AL: Ufunda ntoni ngoku? Ukubhala?
JA: andibhali unyaka wonke. Bhala inoveli yi-a inkqubo enzima kakhulu, endiye ndidinwe ndiyimfe, yaye ndichitha malunga neenyanga ezine ngonyaka kucwangciso lokuqala. Kwaye ndikuyo, kwi inkqubo yokubhala inoveli entsha. Qhubeka uzama malunga ubugcisa, Qhubeka uzama Iihambo, qhubeka uzama a imfihlakalo (Ndiyakwazi ukufunda ukuba kude).
Njengoko ndibhala, ukufunda kwam kuxwebhu lwenoveli. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, kwezi ntsuku ndikunye Igazi likatata, de Alfonso de Goizueta, echukumisa inkalo yenoveli yam entsha. Ukongeza ekubeni yinoveli yokugqibela yeBhaso lePlaneta, uAlfonso liqabane elimele uncwadi.
UJavier Alandes - Ipanorama yangoku
- AL: Ucinga ukuba unjani umcimbi wopapasho?
JA: Ndicinga ukuba singaphakathi umzuzu wedemokhrasi enkulu embalini xa kuziwa kushishino loncwadi. Kukho abavakalisi abaninzi, bazo zonke iindidi zobukhulu, kwaye kukho ezinye iindlela, nokuba zixabiso zero, kubantu abafuna ukuzipapasha. Ke, namhlanje, nabani na ofuna ukufumana izandla zakhe kwinoveli yakhe, aye kwimiboniso-bhanyabhanya okanye enze iinkcazo-ntetho, unokufikelela ngakumbi kunangaphambili.
Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho ukukhutshwa okutsha kokuhlela okutsha ngonyaka - kuthiwa kukho malunga namawaka angamashumi amathandathu - kwaye, ke, iintengiso ziqhekeke kakhulu, zahlulahlulwe kakhulu. Ukuzama ukuthengisa iikopi eziliwaka kuye kwaba yinto enokufikelelwa ngabambalwa kakhulu. Ke, njengoko ndihlala ndithetha kwiikhosi kunye neentetho, akukho mntu kufuneka abhale ngokubuyisela imali.
- AL: Uziva njani malunga nomzuzu wenkcubeko nentlalontle esijongene nayo?
JA: Ndicinga ukuba andingomntu ufanelekileyo ukuba ahlole iimeko zenkcubeko nezentlalo ngokubanzi. Kodwa ndinxibelelana nehlabathi loncwadi, kwaye ndicinga ukuba luncwadi lunexesha elimnandi.
Kwisixeko sam, iValencia, iivenkile zeencwadi ezintsha zivuliwe, kukho imiboniso yemihla ngemihla, kunye nendawo etyebileyo neyahlukeneyo yoncwadi. Kwaye okuyinyaniso kukuba ukuthengiswa kweencwadi kuyanda, kuzo zonke iintlobo zeentlobo, ukuba iiplatifomu zethelevishini zilungelelanisa ababhali belizwe kwaye uluhlu oluthengiswa kakhulu lulawulwa ngamabali ngababhali baseSpain.
Ukufumana indawo kwimarike kunzima kakhulu., kodwa ngokusebenza nzima kunye nokudala uluntu lwabafundi abanomdla kumabali ethu, kunokwenzeka.