Ambalwa amabali asentsomini avelise ukumelwa okuhle ngakumbi kunalawo entsomi ka-Apollo noDaphne: ukusukelana nothixo uApollo kunye nokugatywa kwenymph Daphne.
UApollo ungomnye wezithixo ezibaluleke kakhulu kwiintsomi zamaGrike., ngoko ukusasazeka kwale ntsomi kukhulu ngakumbi. UDaphne wayengomnye wamabango akhe othando, uthando olungagqibekanga okanye ukudakumba kwentliziyo nokwathi kwavelisa isimboli soloyiso ngesithsaba selaurel. Okulandelayo siza kuthetha ngakumbi ngentsomi kaApollo noDaphne.
Intsomi kaApollo noDaphne
Ukufaka umxholo intsomi
Intsomi kaApollo kunye noDaphne yeyentsomi yamaGrike. Ibali lothando elingavumelekanga eliphela kwinguqu, kwi-metamorphosis equka into eyaziwayo: i-wreath ye-laurel.
UDaphne wayeyinjubaqa eyomileyo, intshontsho lomthi, owafumana ukuziva kwakhe yedwa ehlathini.; igama layo lithetha "laurel". Kwelakhe icala, uApollo ngoyena thixo ubalulekileyo kwiintsomi zamaGrike; Ungomnye woothixo beOlimpiki. Unyana kaZeus noLeto, amawele ka-Artemis, uye wadityaniswa nobugcisa kunye nomculo, isaphetha kunye notolo. Ukwanguthixo wokufa ngequbuliso nezibetho nezifo, ezingamthinteliyo ekubeni nguthixo wobuhle nemfezeko. Ngokuqinisekileyo, UApollo mhlawumbi ngoyena thixo ubalulekileyo wamaGrike emva koyise uZeus.; kwaye oku, kongezwe kwiimpawu zayo ezininzi, kuye kwakhokelela ekubeni kubekho inkitha yeetempile kwimbeko yayo.
Ukuguqulwa kukaDaphne kwi-laurel kubangele umthi ongcwele kunye ongunaphakade, ohlala uluhlaza, apho athweswa isithsaba samaqhawe aphumeleleyo kwiMidlalo ye-Olimpiki ngamagqabi awo. I-laurel wreath iya kuhlala imelwe ngonaphakade njengophawu loloyiso kunye nobukhulu..
Intsomi kaApollo noDaphne
U-Eros, uthixo wothando, eziva ekhubekile nguApollo, wagqiba ekubeni ambethe uthixo ngotolo lwegolide, oluya kubangela uthando olungenakuthintelwa xa ebona uDaphne. Endaweni yoko, uEros wajolisa utolo lwentsimbi kwinymph, nto leyo eyayiza kubangela ukuba alahlwe. Ukususela ngoku ukuya phambili kukho intshutshiso evuthayo nguApollo ngakuDaphne, nangona ingabuyiselwa.
UDaphne wayeyinyongo eyomileyo, yemithi, kwaye owayesele egqale kwezinye izinto ezakwaliwayo ngaphambili ngenxa yokuba wayengavumi ukutshata nawuphi na umkhwenyana. Wayesoloko enomdla wokuzingela, ehlala ngokukhululekileyo emahlathini yaye engafuni nokutshata.. Ngoko ke waxelela uyise, uLadon (uthixo womlambo). Nangona kunjalo, wayethandabuza ukuba intombi yakhe iya kuhlala ibaphepha abo bathandana nayo, kuba yayibalasele ngobuhle bayo.
U-Apollo, unyana kaZeyus kunye newele lika-Artemis, ethanda ukutshata noDaphne, wasukela i-nymph dryad okwethutyana, emngqinga yonke into. Kodwa uDaphne wayesoloko emdelela yaye wakwazi ukumahlukanisa okwexeshana. Kodwa xa izithixo zabona iinzame zika-Apollo ezingaphumeleliyo zokumfumana, zamthethelela. Kwaba ngoko Ephelelwe lithemba uDaphne, wacela uyise nonina, uthixokazi uGaea, ukuba bamncede. Basizela baza bayijika yaba yilaurel, kwityholo lehlathi.
UApollo wakwazi nje ukwanga iqela lamasebe. Wathembisa, nangona kunjalo, ukumthanda ngonaphakade waza wagqiba ekubeni amaqhawe kunye neentshatsheli zeMidlalo ye-Olimpiki isithsaba se-laurel.
Intsingiselo yentsomi
Kwintsomi ungabona iindlela ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zokuziphatha ezichaseneyo. Kukho inkcaso enamandla kakhulu phakathi koothixo kunye ne-nymph: kwelinye icala, uvutha ngokuvutha kwaye ufuna ukumbamba kwaye abe naye; yena, kwelinye icala, uhlala ekude, kwintiyo yakhe uyabaleka kuye kude kube yimiphumo yokugqibela. Ukongeza kumahluko ocacileyo phakathi kokuziphatha kwamadoda kunye nokuziphatha okuhle kwabasetyhini, kukwakho nemvukelo eDaphne emenza agqame phakathi kwabanye abalinganiswa ababhinqileyo.. UDaphne akafuni ukutshata, kunye noApollo, okanye nayiphi na enye indoda. Ufuna ukukhululeka, ngaphandle kokuzithoba kwamadoda; into emtsalayo kukuzingela nobomi basehlathini. Uvuma ukwamkela utshintsho lwakhe kwi-laurel ukuze angaweli kwizandla ezingafunekiyo zika-Apollo. Uhlala eyintombi nto, ekhululekile ekurhaqweni, encediswa nguyise.
imiboniso yentsomi
Owona mboniso udumileyo wentsomi kaApollo noDaphne mhlawumbi ngulowo wakrolwa nguGian Lorenzo Bernini ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX.. Ngumsebenzi we-baroque othi, ngenxa yobuhle bayo kunye nokubaluleka kwayo kwiMbali yoBugcisa, kufuneka ubone ukuba unethuba lokutyelela iGalari yaseBorghese eRoma. UBernini wayidala ngebhastile phakathi kwe-1622 kunye ne-1625 enobude obungaphezulu kweemitha ezimbini. Thatha eyona mzuzu xa uDaphne eqala ukuguquka abe lityholo, kanye xa uApollo efika kuye aze ajikelezise esinqeni sakhe. Ukumangaliswa kukaDaphne ekuguqulweni kwakhe kubhalwe kwakhona, kunye noloyiko kunye nokuxhatshazwa okubangelwa ukubanjwa nguApollo.
Kuncwadi, umbongo kaOvid I-metamorphoses ikwaqokelela intsomi noPetrarch ngokwakhe waliphinda eli bali kuba wenza umzekeliso phakathi kwentanda yakhe noDaphne. Ngokunjalo, UDaphne ukhankanywe kwintaphane yemisebenzi yobugcisa. Ngokomzekelo, ii-opera zikaRichard Strauss noFrancesco Cavalli zidumileyo. Kumzobo sifumana kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesihlanu umzobo UApollo noDaphne nguPiero Pollaiuolo, kwaye ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX ukumelwa UApollo eleqa uDaphne nguTheodoor van Thulden.