URosa Montero uyasilumkisa kwesi sincoko malunga “nengozi yokuba nengqondo ephilileyo.” Kubonakala ngathi yintetho engaqhelekanga kunye nesiqhelo somntu ophambeneyo. Kodwa, njengoko umbhali esitsho ngethoni ehlekisayo, "akazange aqheleke kakhulu." Kumalunga nokuhlalutya oko kuqhelekileyo kunye nokuba kuthethwa ntoni ngokuphambana. Kwisincoko sakhe, uzama ukunika isithuba kunye nokufaneleka kobudenge obungathenjwayo. Siyazi ukuba uninzi lweengqondo ezikrelekrele zoluntu ziye zathwaxwa zizigulo zengqondo kwaye ngenxa "yokuphambana kwabo" baye banegalelo kwigalelo labo ekutshintsheni imbali yoluntu.
Kwezi ngqondo “zingezizo eziqhelekileyo” kwavela ezona ngcamango ziyilayo kwaye, ngaphandle kwenjongo yokuthandana ne-pathologies yengqondo okanye ukuyibeka njengemeko sine qua non yengqondo, mhlawumbi ezi ngqondo zahlukileyo okanye ngandlel’ ithile zitenxileyo “kwizinto eziqhelekileyo” zifuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ukuze ziqonde ubuchule bokuyila ebantwini. Ngoko ke, mhlawumbi "ukuba yinto eqhelekileyo akulungile" kwaye yingakho umbhali echaza: "Ingozi yokuba nengqondo."
Isiqendu
Ukhuselo olunomdla lwexabiso lokuhluka.
Ngokusekwe kumava akhe obuqu kunye nokufunda iincwadi ezininzi malunga nengqondo, isayensi yengqondo, uncwadi kunye neenkumbulo zababhali ababalaseleyo abavela kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zokuyila, uRosa Montero usinika isifundo esinomdla kumakhonkco phakathi kokuyila kunye nokungazinzi kwengqondo. Kwaye ikwenza oko ngokwabelana nomfundi ngezinto ezininzi ezimangalisayo malunga nendlela ingqondo yethu esebenza ngayo xa sisenza, siqhekeza yonke imiba ephembelela ubuchule bokuyila, kwaye siyihlanganise phambi kwamehlo omfundi ngelixa ubhala, njengomcuphi olungele ukusombulula iziqwenga ezisasazekileyo. uphando..
Isincoko kunye nentsomi zihamba kunye kolu phononongo lwamakhonkco phakathi kokuyila kunye nempambano, kwaye ke umfundi uya kungqina inkqubo yokudala ngokwayo, afumane ithiyori "yesaqhwithi esigqibeleleyo", oko kukuthi, ekuqhumeni kokudala kuzisa kunye uthotho lwezinto ezingenakuphinda, imichiza kunye nemeko, kwaye iya kubelana ngamava obuqu endlela uRosa Montero ahlala ngayo ngokuthe ngqo, kwaye iminyaka, kufutshane kakhulu nokuphambana.
Ingozi yokuba nengqondo Uthetha ngendlela "amafairies" asinika ngayo isipho, kwaye asenze sihlawule ixabiso laso; Thina bantu abaqhelekileyo asilihlawuli elo xabiso liqatha, kodwa sisengozini yokufa kukukruquka, endaweni yokuba sife luthando. Njengakuyo yonke into, isitshixo sisekulinganisweni phakathi kwepesenti ye-detachment kunye nemvakalelo, ekufezekiseni imvisiswano ethile phakathi komntu obandezelekayo kunye nomntu olawulayo," utsho umbhali ngokwakhe.
Malunga nombhali: Rosa Montero
Imbali ngobomi:
Wazalelwa kwintsapho ethobekileyo, intombi ye-banderillero kunye nomfazi wendlu. Kwasebutsheni bakhe, wabonakalisa ukuthanda kwakhe ukubhala ngokuqamba inoveli yakhe yokuqala eneminyaka emihlanu. Ngo-1969, wangena kwiYunivesithi yaseComplutense yaseMadrid, eyayibizwa ngokuba yiYunivesithi yaseMadrid. Ekuqaleni, wabhalisa kwiFaculty of Philosophy kunye neeLeta ngenjongo yokufunda ipsychology kwaye, kamva, ubuntatheli.
Ngethuba leminyaka yakhe yaseyunivesithi, kwi-1970, eneminyaka eyi-19, waqala umsebenzi wakhe njengomlobi weendaba, enikela kumajelo eendaba amaninzi, kuquka i-Pueblo, i-Fotogramas kunye ne-Posible. Ngaphandle kweenjongo zakhe zokuqala zokufunda ipsychology, waziyeka ezi zifundo emva kweminyaka emine ukuze aphumelele kwisikolo saseMadrid sobuntatheli.
Kwangaxeshanye, ngexesha lakhe eyunivesithi, wathatha inxaxheba kwintsebenziswano kunye namaqela azimeleyo emidlalo yeqonga afana neCanon kunye neTábano, ngaloo ndlela ebonisa umdla wakhe kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa.
Ngowe-1988, watshata intatheli uPablo Lizcano. Ubomi bakhe bobuqu bajongana nosizi olukhulu xa uLizcano wasweleka ngo-2009 emva kokugula ixesha elide. Kuwo wonke umsebenzi wakhe, lo mbhali kunye nentatheli ayishiyi inqaku lakhe nje kuphela kwicandelo lonxibelelwano, kodwa nakwimeko yenkcubeko kunye nezobugcisa., ibalasele ngokuzinikela kwayo kunye nokuguquguquka kwayo.
Ushicilelo kunye nokuqatshelwa:
Upapashe iinoveli iCrónica del desamor (1979), Umsebenzi weDelta (1981), ndiza kukuphatha njengendlovukazi (1983), Amado Amo (1988), Temblor (1990), Bella y Oscura (1993), La hija. del caníbal (1997, Primavera Novel Award), Intliziyo yeTartarus (2001), i-Crazy Woman kwiNdlu (Alfaguara, 2003).
IMbasa ye-Qué Leer ka-2004 ngeyona ncwadi ibalaseleyo yonyaka, I-Grinzane Cavour Prize 2005 kunye ne-Roman Primeur Prize 2006, eFransi), Imbali yoKumkani oNgaphandle (Alfaguara, 2005; I-Qué Leer Prize 2005 yencwadi engcono kakhulu yonyaka, kunye ne-Mandarache Prize 2007), Imiyalelo yokugcina ihlabathi (Alfaguara, 2008 ; Ibhaso laBafundi boMthendeleko weeNcwadi zaseYurophu zaseCognac, eFransi, ngo-2011), Iinyembezi emvuleni (2011), Iinyembezi emvuleni. I-Comic (2011; Imbasa ye-Best Comic 2011 kwi-Barcelona International Comic Fair), Ingcamango ehlekisayo yokungaphindi ndikubone (2013; i-Madrid Critics Award 2014), Ubunzima beNtliziyo (2015), Inyama ( Alfaguara, I-2016), i-Times of Hate (2018) kunye nenhlanhla (i-Alfaguara, i-2020).
Ukwapapashe nencwadi yamabali aBathandi kunye neentshaba (Alfaguara, 1998; Círculo de Críticos de Chile Award 1999), kunye nezincoko ezibini zebhayografi, iHistorias de mujeres-ephinde yapapashwa kuhlelo olunemifanekiso, yahlaziywa yaza yandiswa ngesihloko esithi Nosotras. Amabali amabhinqa kunye nenye into (i-Alfaguara, i-2018) - kunye ne-Passions (Alfaguara, 2000), kunye namabali abantwana, ukuhlanganiswa kodliwano-ndlebe kunye namanqaku kunye noBhala kunye noRosa Montero (Alfaguara, 2017).
Ukususela ekupheleni kwe-1976 ubhale kwiphephandaba i-El País, apho wayengumhleli oyintloko wesongezo sangeCawa ngo-1980-1981. Ukongeza kwezo zikhankanyiweyo, uye wawongwa ngembasa ye-Mundo de Interviews Award (1978), i Imbasa yeSizwe yobuNtatheli beengxelo kunye namanqaku oncwadi (1980), Imbasa yeMadrid Press Association yempumelelo yobungcali ebomini (2005), i-International Columnists of the World Award (2014), iMbasa yeSizwe yoLwazi lweSpanish (2017), iimbasa zeLeyenda ezivela kuMbutho weevenkile zeencwadi zaseMadrid kunye neSixeko sase-Alcalá de las Artes y las Letras (2019) kunye ne-Cedro Prize (2020).
Es I-Doctora imbeko causa yiDyunivesithi yasePuerto Rico kwaye umsebenzi wakhe uguqulelwa kwiilwimi ezingaphezu kwamashumi amabini.
Ukuhlalutya isincoko esithi “Ingozi yokuba nengqondo”
Beka impambano
Sisenokuthi le ncwadi izama ukuxabisa impambano. Oku akukho malunga nokwenza izigulo zengqondo zibe nothando okanye ukungena kudederhu lweengcinga zomlingo okanye ezikhohlisayo eziqhwaba izandla ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Mhlawumbi ivula indlela eya kwintanda-bulumko nenzululwazi yokuqonda impambano.
Emsebenzini wakhe, UMontero uphonononga imibuzo malunga nokuba yintoni impambano, yintoni eqhelekileyo nengaqhelekanga, kwaye loluphi unxulumano olunayo olu meko nobuchule bokudala.
Malunga nesiqhelo
Umbhali ukhumbula ingcamango yesiqhelo: Ukusuka kumbono wobalo, into eqhelekileyo yinto ephambili kuluntu, eyona nto ixhaphakileyo. Into engaqhelekanga yileyo ingaqhelekanga, ikwabizwa ngokuba yinqabile. Kodwa into enqabileyo okanye engaqhelekanga ayiyonto imbi kakhulu, inesiphene okanye impazamo.
Oku kubhideka okuqhelekileyo kubemi ngokubanzi kwaye kubalulekile ukuqala ngokuqonda intsingiselo yolwimi. Ukunqaba akuthethi ukuba ugqithisile kananjalo.. Olu lwamva luphawu oluchaza inkalo enomtsalane ngokwenene emntwini okanye kwindlela aziphethe ngayo, nokubaxwa okanye okungaqhelekanga. Eyokuqala, enqabileyo okanye engeyiyo yesiqhelo, ligama lobungakanani, elibhekisa kubuninzi babantu: eyona incinci kakhulu okanye encinci rhoqo.
Ukuyila kwabantu abaphambeneyo kunye nama-manias abo
Kwelinye icala, sinengcamango yempambano. Ngokwe-Colloquially, i-crazy iqondwa njengomntu onengxaki yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwaye onesimilo esitenxayo kwindlela eqhelekileyo okanye eqhelekileyo. Kwaye yinyani. Emva koko, abantu abaphambeneyo abaxhaphakanga kakhulu kuluntu (okanye ngaba kunjalo?) ngokwezibalo.
Abantu batyekele ekuyijongeni phantsi into engaqhelekanga, engaqhelekanga. Ukumfumana ngokwahlukileyo, umbona njengoluhlobo lwengozi. Kulapho uRosa Montero engenelela kwisincoko sakhe apho, ngendlela emnandi kunye namanqaku ahlekisayo, ezama ukucinga ukuba abantu abaphambeneyo abanakuphambana, kwaye abo, mhlawumbi bafanelwe yindawo emhlabeni. Sonke sikhumbula iingqondo ezinkulu zoluntu eziye zabandezeleka ngenxa yoxinzelelo, i-phobias kunye nezinye izigulo zengqondo. kwaye uluntu luya kuba njani ngaphandle kwamagalelo abo amakhulu. Ngokusisiseko, "sinombulelo ongazenzisiyo kubantu abaphambeneyo behlabathi abasinike okuninzi."
Yiyo loo nto umbhali ebiza isincoko sakhe ngokuthi “ingozi yokuba nengqondo ephilileyo”: ingqondo elungeleleneyo nezolileyo ngamanye amaxesha ayinazo ezo. Iindlela "ezizodwa" ze-neural apho ezona ngcamango ziqaqambileyo kunye nezobugcisa zivela khona. Ukuyibeka kubufazi ("intambo") kungenxa yokuba umbhali ngokwakhe sele ebhekisa kuye - ngethoni ehlekisayo - ukuba "ukususela ndimncinci andiqhelekanga." Qaphela oko:
- KafkaUkongezelela ekuhlafuneni isilwanyana ngasinye izihlandlo ezingama-32, wenza umthambo ehamba ze evule ifestile phakathi ebusika.
- USocrates Wayesoloko enxibe iimpahla ezifanayo, ehamba enganxibanga zihlangu edanisa yedwa.
- Iqhayiya Walala ngenye imini akaphinda aphume (babe benza into enye) IValle-Inclán y UJuan Carlo Onetti).
- Agatha Christie Ndabhala ebhafini.
- Rousseau Wayeyi-masochist kunye nomboniso.
- Freud Ndandisoyika oololiwe.
- Hitchcock Ndandisoyika amaqanda.
- Napoleon ukoyika iikati.
- UVincent van Gogh Wayenengxaki yokudakumba kwaye sonke siyazi malunga nokusikwa kwakhe indlebe edumileyo ngexesha lobunzima bobugcisa.
- I-Virginia Woolf Wayedandathekile yaye abanye bathi kusenokwenzeka ukuba wayenengxaki yebipolar.
Kwaye uluhlu lungaqhubeka...