Ukuziphatha kuCelia yincwadi yefilosofi efikelelekayo nenyanisekileyo nguNjingalwazi uAna de Miguel. Ijongana nesikhundla sentlalo sabasetyhini kunye nendawo apho baye bavezwa khona, phambi kweliso elibukhali labanye kwaye baphantsi kwayo namhlanje. Yapapashwa ngonyaka ka-2021.
Isenokuba yincwadi yobufazi, umbhali, nangona kunjalo, ukuyibhala ngale ndlela kuphela kuya kuba kukusilela kakhulu. Ngumfanekiso wangoku, umboniso ofanelekileyo kula maxesha ukuba iqokelela ingcamango kunye nesizathu sokuba nanamhlanje abafazi abanako ukuhlala ngokulingana okupheleleyo nendoda. Ubumazi? Makhe sifumanise.
Ukuziphatha kuCelia
Ukuziphatha kunye nengxaki esisiseko
Yintoni imigaqo yokuziphatha? I-RAE iyichaza ngeentsingiselo ezininzi kwaye ichaza le ngcamango ngokuthi "iseti yemigaqo yokuziphatha elawula ukuziphatha komntu kuyo nayiphi na indawo yobomi", okanye "njengenxalenye yefilosofi ejongene nokulungileyo kunye nesiseko sokuziphatha." ixabiso layo ». Amagama angundoqo aya kuba ngu "moral", "values" kunye "nokuziphatha".
Ukuziphatha kwamantombazana kunye nabasetyhini kuye kwaphantsi koyilo zabanye, amadoda nabafazi ababengaphambi kwawo, kuquka abafazi ababefundile ngelo xesha. I-Patriarchy iqhutyelwe ngamadoda nabasetyhini, kwaye uninzi lwethu luya kuvumelana noku. Sonke siyinxalenye yenkqubo, kwaye Le nkqubo kunye nale ndlela yokufundisa kunye nokuqhubeka nokunyanzeliswa kokuziphatha okulungileyo yinto uAna de Miguel azama ukuyibonisa. ukuze kwakhona uluntu luyiqonde ingxaki esisiseko.
inyaniso kabini
UAna de Miguel uthetha ngenyaniso ephindwe kabini. Yintoni inyaniso ephindiweyo? Bubumbini be amakhwenkwe kunye namantombazana ahlulwe ngokusisigxina ngemfundo, izibophelelo, amalungelo, ikamva kunye nentlalontle. Isithandi sobulumko sigxininisa kakhulu kule nyaniso. Ekubeni intlalontle yamantombazana yahluke ngokupheleleyo kuleyo yamakhwenkwe, kuba ngokwembali baye banendima ezahlukeneyo zokuyifeza.
Ibhenca indlela umfazi ebesoloko ebonwa ngayo ngomnye. Yaye ngubani omnye? Wonke umntu, amadoda nabafazi. Umfazi uye waba yenziwe komnye. phantsi kokuhlolwa rhoqo, umfazi ebengumama, ebengumfazi, intombi, udade, umkhathaleli, umama wekhaya. Kwaye uAna de Miguel uyayigxeka le nyaniso ngesitayela esifikelelekayo. Uyibeka emxholweni, ayifake exesheni aze athi: “Khangela, nantsiya! lIintsalela zengxaki zisekhona, siza kutshintsha le meko».
Ilizwi likaAna de Miguel
UAna de Miguel uthetha ngamandla, ukucinga ngemiba ebisoloko ikho, ixutyushwa zezinye iingcingane, kwaye ibuyela kumthwalo we sisenze sonke siluluntu ukuba sithathe uxanduva ngendima yethu. Kuba ichaphazela wonke umntu. Kwabasetyhini abahluphekayo kwaye baqhubekisela phambili kunye nakumadoda abandakanyeka ngokunyanisekileyo ekungafanini ngokwesini okanye abathi, ngokuchaseneyo, bayigcine ngokungenzi.
Le ncwadi ithetha ngokungabikho kovelwano olukhoyo. Sisincoko kuluntu ngokubanzi kuba ikwabhekiswa nakumadoda angekayiboni into yokuba kukho into engaphumeleliyo kumlingane woluntu Ngokuphathelele kwindima. Ngaphandle kombono wesini kwaye ngaphandle kovelwano oluyimfuneko, kuya kuba nzima kakhulu ukutshintsha ibhalansi ukuze ilingane ngokupheleleyo. U-Ana de Miguel uqinisekisa ukuba inyaniso ephindwe kabini iguqukile, ngakumbi kumashumi eminyaka adlulileyo, kodwa ayizange iphele.
Le ncwadi iphinda ibe ngumngeni kwiingcamango zesithethe sefilosofi, abadali babo babengamadoda amaninzi. Kodwa ayilahleki kwiingcinga ezinzima, kodwa icacisa kakuhle ingcambu yengxaki ukwazisa. Ukongeza, icacisa imiba eyahlukeneyo yokungabonakali kwabasetyhini, ukungahoywa kubomi boluntu, okanye ukuxhatshazwa njengexhoba lobundlobongela obuphathelele kwezesondo.
Izigqibo
Ukuziphatha kuCelia yincwadi ethi uthetha ngeengxaki zokungalingani ngokwembali phakathi kwamadoda nabafazi, echukumisa ngendlela esebenzayo nelula umbuzo osisiseko: ukuba asilingani, kuba asivuswanga ngokulinganayo. Abantwana kwakufuneka babe kude nekhaya, babe ngababoneleli, bomelele kwaye babe neenkokeli, nto leyo kwafuneka baphuhlise ubundlongondlongo babo. Amantombazana, ngokuchaseneyo, akhuliswa ukuba abe sekhaya, ekunyamekelweni kwentsapho kwaye ahlakulele uxolo, umlingiswa onothando oya kubagcina bekude neemeko eziyingozi.
Nangona kunjalo, konke oku kunokuvela kwaye oku de Miguel ubetha isitshixo esifanelekileyo xa ethetha ngovelwano, ukuhlalisana, ukuziphatha kunye nokulingana. Konke oku kungatshintshwa; Ngaphezu koko, utshintsho luqalile. Kodwa ukuze oku kucace, wonke umntu kufuneka athabathe isabelo sakhe soxanduva aze athelele ekucombululeni ingxaki.
UAna de Miguel ukhetha indlela yokuziphatha engumzekelo ngendlela ebonakalayo eyona ngqiqo ifihlakeleyo yefilosofi. kwaye ngaloo ndlela uyiqonde, kwaye ubeke iindlela zokutshintsha. Kwaye uyenza ngokukhetha igama elithi "Celia" ngokunqwala kumbhali u-Elena Fortún.
Amanye amanqaku ngoAna de Miguel
UAna de Miguel wazalwa ngowe-1961 eSantander. Ufunde iFilosofi kwiYunivesithi yaseSalamanca kwaye ungunjingalwazi kwiYunivesithi yaseRey Juan Carlos yaseMadrid. Kule yunivesithi nguye ophethe isifundo seNzululwazi Yokuziphatha nePolitiko. Ukwangumlawuli wekhosi ethi "Imbali yeeThiyori zeFeminist" kwiYunivesithi yaseComplutense yaseMadrid.
Lo mbhali ngumphandi ozifundo zakhe zijolise kwi-feminist kunye ne-marxist currents. Upapasho lwakhe luquka izihloko: I-Neoliberalism yezesondo: Intsomi yoKhetho lwasimahla (2015) Alejandra Kollontai (2011), okanye IMarxism kunye nobufazi kwi-Alejandra Kollontai (1993).