UHenryk Sienkiewicz wazalwa ngosuku olufana nanamhlanje ngo-1846 kwilali yase EPolonia. Wayengumbhali wokuqala wasePoland ukufumana incwadi IBhaso leNobel kuNcwadi ngowe-1905 kwaye luphawu kwilizwe lakhe. Umsebenzi wakhe owaziwa kakhulu ngokungathandabuzekiyo yinoveli Uya ntoni?, kodwa wonke umsebenzi wakhe uguqulelwe kwiilwimi ezingaphezu kwama-40 kwaye wayengomnye wababhali abafunde kakhulu kwinkulungwane yama-XNUMX. Sijonga umfanekiso wakho.
UHenryk Sienkiewicz
Wayengunyana wosapho lwezihandiba. Qala Mayeza kwaye emva koko Philology eWarsaw, kodwa kamva wayeka. Wahlala kuyo EUnited States kwaye watyelela eFransi, eItali, eSpain, eGrisi naseTurkey ngaphambi kokuba abuyele khona. Wayeqhuba iphephandaba elilondolozayo kancinci apho waqala ukupapasha kuthotho lwenoveli A igazi nomlilo, isitofu sokuqala setrilogy yakhe, apho aphinda ayenze kwakhona ukuxhathisa ipolishi ngokuchasene nohlaselo lwenkulungwane yeshumi elinesixhenxe.
xa i IMfazwe Yehlabathi yokuqala NdandiseSwitzerland. Apho wakha, kunye no-Ignacy Jan Paderewsky, owayesakuba yiNkulumbuso yelizwe lakhe, a ikomiti ze amaxhoba emfazwe ePoland, apho engazange abuye ebomini de umzimba wakhe wafuduswa ngowe-1924.
Umsebenzi woncwadi
UHenryk Sienkiewicz uqwalaselwa ummeli wohlaziyo loncwadi lwesiPolish ngomsebenzi wakhe oguquguqukayo, zombini ubhalwe kakuhle ngokwembali kunye necandelo elibalulekileyo lentlalontle. Wayengumbhali ochubekileyo, wayechukumisa phantse zonke iindidi, ukongeza kwibali, elifana namabali amafutshane kunye neenoveli.
Uya ntoni?
Ngokungathandabuzekiyo isihloko sakhe esaziwayo kunye nenye yeenoveli zembali ezidumileyo ezibekwe kwiRoma yamandulo, eyaguqulelwa ngokukhawuleza kwezinye iilwimi. Yapapashwa kwi 1896 kwaye kuyo ixuba abalinganiswa bokwenyani nabasentsomini. Ibalisa ibali lothando phakathi kwelifa laseRoma UMarco Vinicio kunye noLigia, intombi yokumkani ongumbharbhari nekhoboka laseRoma kodwa yamkelwa yaza yafundiswa yinjengele Aulius Plautius Nomfazi wakhe pomponyBobabini baguqukela kubuKristu.
Ebangqonge iparade uthotho lwe abalinganiswa yesibini nayo igqame njenge Petronius, i-patrician kunye nomcebisi othembekileyo kaNero, obonisa inkcubeko yeklasi yexesha elidlulileyo. NoMlindi oyingozi uyavela Tigellin, okanye isithandi sobulumko Seneca, umtshana wakhe uLucanus okanye abapostile UPedro noPablo.
Kwimiboniso bhanyabhanya
Impumelelo yayo yoncwadi yakhokelela ekuziqhelaniseni necinema eneenguqulelo ezimbini zokuqala ezaziyiTaliyane kwaye zithe cwaka. Nangona kunjalo, eyona nto yaziwayo yile ilawulwa ngu UMervyn LeRoy ngo-1951 (eSpain ayizange ikhululwe de kwangowe-1954), eyayinomdlalo ongaqhelekanga. URobert Taylor y UDeborah Kerr njengoMarco Vinicio kunye noChristian Ligia, oqaqambileyo Leo Glenn njengaye Petronius, kunye nomebi-mboniso kuNero wakhe ongalibalekiyo, Omkhulu UPeter Ustinov. Kwaye njenge-anecdote, gxininisa inkangeleko emfutshane yeyo kamva ethandwa kakhulu Bud Spencer njengomlindi waseRoma
Kwakhona kwaba yimpumelelo kangangokuba ukususela ngoko kuye kwaba a I-Easter yakudala esiyibona minyaka le. Kwaye ekuvukeni kwakhe kulandele kuloo minyaka izihloko ezifana ingubo engcwele o UBen Hur, nayo isekwe kwinoveli yesihloko esifanayo nejoni laseMelika uLewis Wallace.
Kwakunjalo uchongelwe iiOscars ezisibhozo phakathi kwabo kweyona filimu igqwesileyo kunye nomdlali oxhasa u-Ustinov, kodwa akazange ayifumane.
Umlilo kunye neGazi Trilogy
Kwigazi nasemlilwenikunye Umkhukula y iqhawe lasepolishe, Baquka i-trilogy kaHenryk Sienkiewicz. Ibandakanya ixesha ukusuka ngo-1648 ukuya kunyaka wokugqibela wenkulungwane ye-XNUMX, ngolawulo lukaJohn III (uJohn Sobieski). Umbhali wayephenjelelwe ngu Uyise ka-Alexander Dumas malunga nomxholo webali nendlela yakhe yokulibalisa, esongeza nemvakalelo yokuthand’ izwe. Ithathwa njenge-epic enkulu kwaye kumaxesha angoku inokuba nomdla ukuyifumana.
Iyelenqe lixela ukuba njani ngo-1647 cossacks bavukela amandla ezihandiba zasePoland. I abalimi baseUkraine abanemvukelo baya kujoyina umkhosi weCossack, kwaye ezi zidibene neentshaba ezingunaphakade zasePoland: amaTatars.
Yilapho UJuan Kretuski, Umphathi weeNkosana zeNkosana, uthandana no-Elena omhle, ethinjwa yiCossacks. Ngaloo ndlela, ezi mfazwe zilandelayo ziya kulwela ukusinda kwePoland kunye nokukhangela u-Elena nguKretuski kunye namaqhawe akhe, ababa ngumqondiso wento iPoland kwaye ifuna ukuqhubeka nayo.
UStan noNel — Batyhutyha intlango kunye nehlathi
USenkiewicz naye walima i Inoveli yolonwabo Isitayile sikaJules Verne neli bali elidlala noStas noNel, inkwenkwe epolish nentombazana engumNgesi, oonyana boononjineli abasebenza ekwakhiweni kweSuez Canal. Ebudeni besiphithiphithi, ubaqweqwedisa bobabini. el mahdi, umbandela ozibiza ngokuba ungumthunywa kaMuhammad ngokuchasene nolawulo lwamaNgesi. baya kufumana baleka enkosi kubugorha be-Stas kwaye iya kwenza a zokuhamba egcwele ama-adventures de bakwazi ukubuyela kwiintsapho zabo, ngelixa besenza ubuhlobo obukhulu.