Imbonakalo yelizwe
Xa ubuza kwiwebhu malunga "neencwadi zikaJavier Reverte", iziphumo eziphambili ziphinda zithumele kwi IAfrika Trilogy. Le saga yenye yemisebenzi eyaziwayo yeSpanish; kuyo usibonisa umbono wakhe weli lizwekazi liyindumasi. UReverte wayengumhambi onomdla kwaye onomdla owaziyo ukubamba ngosiba oluchanekileyo lweebhloko zakhe ezininzi kwihlabathi liphela.
Njengoko wayehamba kwiindawo ezibonakalayo, wabhala inkcazo echanekileyo yokuma komhlaba kunye nabantu abaziyo. Kula manqaku, ubonakalise iimvakalelo zakhe kunye nokuqonda kwakhe, awathi kamva wakongeza ngeenkcukacha zembali. Ingxelo yakhe etyebileyo yamvumela ukuba afumane amakhulu amawaka abafundi abakuxabisayo ukukwazi ukuhamba ngalo lonke ixesha betyelela iincwadi zakhe..
Iincwadi ezilungileyo zikaJavier Reverte
Iphupha leAfrika (1996)
Yincwadi yokuhamba apho umbhali echaza ngohambo lwakhe ngeMpuma Afrika kwaye aqala isaga IAfrika Trilogy. Uhambo olujikeleze isangqa luqala eKampala (eUganda), luya eDar es Salaam (eTanzania) luze luphele eKenya. Umsebenzi ubonakalisa okuninzi kwimbali yalo mmandla, ikoloniyalizim ngabantu baseYurophu kunye nokuwa kwama-monarchies ase-Afrika.
Caphula ngo Javier Reverte
U-Reverte ubalisa ngokweenkcukacha uhambo lwakhe ngommandla wobugqi ogcwele ubomi, enee-nuances ezibuhlungu nezonwabisayo. Umbhali ubhengeza amaqhina obuhlobo awayewakhile nabantu abahlukeneyo ahlala nabo. Ukongeza, phakathi kwemigca ibhekisa kubabhali abathile ababalulekileyo abatyeleleyo kwaye babhala malunga nelizwekazi, phakathi kwabo: IHemingway, iHaggard kunye neRice Burroughs.
Ulysses Intliziyo (1999)
Ngesi sihlandlo, abantu baseSpain bahamba ngakwimpuma yeMeditera kunye ichaza utyelelo lwakhe kumazwe amathathu: iGrisi, iTurkey ne-Egypt. Ukuphindaphinda kukuvumela ukuba ubone iimvakalelo ezahlukeneyo ezibangelwa kukuvela kwinkcubeko, inkcubeko kunye noncwadi. Ngexesha lokuphuhliswa kwayo, ezinye iindawo zala mazwe mathathu zichaziwe, kwaye ibali liyapheleliswa neentsomi malunga neentsomi zamaGrike kunye nezinye iziganeko ezifanelekileyo zembali.
Ngelixa ukuqhubela phambili kokubhaliweyo kuqhubeka Ezinye izinto-eziyinyani kunye neentsomi- zimele amaxesha amandulo zibandakanyiwe. Oku kubandakanya: uHomer, u-Ulysses, uHelen waseTroy noAlexander omkhulu. Kuhambo lonke, iReverte ikwagxininisa iindawo ezibalulekileyo, ezinje ngonxweme lwaseTurkey, iPeloponnese, iRhodes, iIthaca, iPergamo, iKorinte, iAthene, iKastellorizon Island, kunye neAlexandria.
Umlambo wentshabalalo. Uhambo ngeAmazon (2004)
Ngesi sihlandlo, umhambi untywiliselwa kumfutho wamandla, uzele ngamabali nezinto ezothusayo: iAmazon. Njengoko ingena emanzini aseAmazon, ukuphindaphinda kubalisa amaqhekeza amabali omthonyama. Uhambo luqala ngoJuni 2002 kwisixeko saseArequipa, kumazantsi ePeru. Eyona njongo iphambili kukufika apho kuzalwa khona umjelo onobungangamsha: iNevado del Mismi.
Endleleni, ukongeza ekwazini ezinye iidolophu needolophu, iReverte ikwanxibelelana nabemi beebhanki zomjelo wasentsomini. Umendo uqinisekisa ukukhwela kwizikhephe zabakhweli, amaphenyane kunye nenqwelomoya izihlandlo ezimbalwa. Ngaphandle kokugula sisifo seengcongconi, umbhali uyakwazi ukubuyela kwimeko yakhe kwaye agqibe uhambo lwakhe kwiAtlantic yeBrazil.
Ixesha lamagorha (2013)
Incwadana malunga nobomi bukaGeneral Juan Modesto, owayekhonza njenge inkokeli yemikhosi yobukomanisi kwiMfazwe yamakhaya yaseSpain. Ibali liqala ngo-Matshi 1939, ngeentsuku zokugqibela zongquzulwano ngezixhobo. AmaRiphabhlikhi alungiselela ukushiya amandla kwaye amaFrancoist aqhubela phambili kuloyiso lwamva nje. Okwalo mzuzu, uModesto- kunye namanye amajoni- balungiselela ukuphuma kukarhulumente.
Isakhiwo sichaza iinkalo zobomi bomntu ngokubanzi, njengeenkumbulo zobuntwana bakhe kunye namaqhekeza amancinci obomi bakhe bothando. Ngeli xesha amadabi awayewalwile ayabaliswa kwaye nendlela amajoni aloyisa ngayo uloyiko lwabo. Ukunyaniseka kunye nobudlelwane, kwagcwalisa amajoni ngobukroti ukoyisa elona xesha linzima.
Sobre el autor
UJavier Reverte
UJavier Martínez Reverte Wazalwa ngolwesiHlanu, Julayi 14, 1944 eMadrid. Abazali bakhe yayingu: Josefina Reverte Ferro kunye nentatheli uJesús Martínez Tessier. Kwasebutsheni wayetsala ngumsebenzi kayise, into enokubonwa kukuthanda ukubhala. Hayi ilize Ugqibe kwelokuba aqhubeke nezifundo zaseyunivesithi kwiFilosofi nakwiJenali.
Emva kokuphumelela, Usebenze ngaphezulu kweminyaka engamashumi amathathu eyintatheli kwimithombo yeendaba eyahlukeneyo yaseSpain. Kumava akhe okusebenza, iminyaka yakhe eyi-8 (1971-1978) njengonobhala weendaba kwizixeko ezinjengeLondon, iParis neLisbon. Kuwo wonke umsebenzi wakhe wayesebenza kweminye imisebenzi enxulumene nomsebenzi wakhe, njenge: Intatheli, umlobi wezopolitiko, umbhali wokuhlela kunye nomhleli oyintloko.
Iincwadi
Wathatha amanyathelo akhe okuqala njengombhali kwizikripthi zerediyo kunye neenkqubo zikamabonwakude. Kwii-70s zokuqala wagxila kwizinto ezimbini awayezithanda: uncwadi kunye nohambo.. Ngo-1973 wangena ngokusesikweni kwibala kunye noncwadi Ubumnandi beUlysses, Sebenza apho afake khona amanye amava akhe njenge globetrotter.
Ngo-80 'wangena kwezinye iintlobo: ingxelo kunye nezibongo. Kwaqala ngokupapashwa kweenoveli: Usuku olulandelayo ukuya kolokugqibela (1981) kunye Ukufa ngesiquphe (1982), kwaye kamva ingqokelela yemibongo Kwisixeko (1982). Uqhubeke ngeencwadi zokuhamba kwaye ngo-1986 wenza intetho yakhe yokuqala: Umbindi weTrilogy waseMelika. Le nto yenziwe ziincwadana ezintathu apho achaza khona ubunzima bommandla ngelo xesha.
U-Reverte wakhe iphothifoliyo ebanzi kwaye engenakulinganiswa, eneetekisi ezingama-24 zizonke ezivela kuhambo lwakhe kwihlabathi liphela, iinoveli ezili-13, imibongo emi-4 kunye nebali elifutshane. Phakathi kwemisebenzi yakhe ebalaseleyo yile: Iphupha leAfrika (Ngo-1996, iAfrika Trilogy), Ulysses Intliziyo (1999) Imikhondo yeStowaway (2005) Umlambo wokukhanya. Uhambo oludlula eAlaska naseCanada (2009) kunye nomsebenzi wakhe wasemva kokufa: Indoda ukuya emanzini (2021).
Awards
Ngexesha lomsebenzi wakhe wokubhala wawongwa kathathu. Eyokuqala, kwi 1992 kunye neNoveli yeNcwadi yeNgcaciso yeNcwadi yaseMadrid Indoda yemfazwe. Ke kwi 2001 uyifumene iNoveli uCiudad de Torrevieja ye Ubusuku bume (2000). Ukwamkelwa kwakhe kokugqibela kwangena 2010, noFernando Lara de Novela ka Indawo yase Zero.
Ukufa
UJavier Reverte wasweleka kwidolophu yakowabo, Nge-31 ka-Okthobha ka-2020. imveliso yokugula ngumhlaza wesibindi.
Umsebenzi kaJavier Reverte
Iincwadi zokuhamba
- Ubumnandi beUlysses (1973)
- I-Central America Trilogy:
- Oothixo emvuleni. Nikharaguwa (1986)
- Ivumba leCopal. Guwatamela (1989)
- Indoda yemfazwe. Honduras (1992)
- Wamkelekile esihogweni. Iintsuku zeSarajevo (1994)
- IAfrika Trilogy
- Iphupha leAfrika (1996)
- IVagabond eAfrika (1998)
- Iindlela ezilahlekileyo zaseAfrika (2002)
- Intliziyo yeUlysses. IGrisi, iTurkey ne-Egypt (1999)
- Itikiti eliya icale elinye (2000)
- Iliso elinemvakalelo (2003)
- Umlambo wentshabalalo. Uhambo ngeAmazon (2004)
- Ubumnandi bokuhamba (2006)
- Ingoma kaMbama (2007)
- Umlambo wokukhanya. Uhambo oludlula eAlaska naseCanada (2009)
- Kwiilwandle zasendle. Uhambo oluya eArctic (2011)
- Iinduli ezivuthayo, amachibi omlilo (2012)
- Iimbonakalo zehlabathi (2013)
- Cula i-Ireland (2014)
- Ekwindla yamaRoma (2014)
- Ihlobo laseTshayina (2015)
- New York, New York (2016)
- Idibanisa (2018)
- Indawo yaseNtaliyane (2020)
Novelas
- Usuku olulandelayo ukuya kolokugqibela (1981)
- Ukufa ngesiquphe (1982)
- Amasimi amaqunube ngonaphakade (1986)
- Inkosikazi yenzonzobila (1988)
- Onke amaphupha emhlabeni (1999)
- Ubusuku bume (2000)
- Ugqirha kaIfni (2005)
- Mabufike ubukumkani bakho (2008)
- INkosi Paco (1985)
- Indawo yokuhlala (2010)
- Ixesha leeHighes (2013)
- Iiflegi kwiNkungu (2017)
- Indoda engaphezulu (2021)
Imibongo
- Kwisixeko (1982)
- Intaba-mlilo eyenzakeleyo (1985)
- Imikhondo yeStowaway (2005)
- Imibongo yaseAfrika (2011)