Uzalelwe iinyanga ezimbini phambi kwenkululeko ye-India, into eyayiza kukhuthaza owona msebenzi wakhe udumileyo, uSalman Rushdie ((Bombay, 1947) Ababhali baseIndiya abanempembelelo , kwaye ke, enye yezona ziphikisayo kwinkulungwane yama-1988. Ukutshutshiswa ukusukela ngo-XNUMX ayatollah U-Iranian Ruhollah Khomeini, othathe inoveli yakhe ethi Iindinyana zikaSathana njengesenzo esibi ngokuchasene nobuSilamsi, uRushdie uchithe iminyaka engamashumi amathathu phakathi kokukhanya nobumnyama, eqhubela phambili ngencwadi yemilingo neyodwa ehlala ichaphazeleka ngokwenyani yomlingo kwaye sijonga oku kulandelayo Iincwadi ezilungileyo zikaSalman Rushdie.
Abantwana bobusuku
Inyani yokuzalwa kweenyanga ezimbini ngaphambili inkululeko yaseIndiya Ivumela uRushdie ukuba afumane utshintsho eIndiya esahlulwe phakathi kwesiko kunye nokubakho, phakathi kweNtshona nenkcubeko yayo. Ukucinga okuya kubakho Abantwana bobusuku, incwadi ebekwe ebusuku ngo-Agasti 15, 1947, Ngumhla apho i-India yaba lilizwe elizimeleyo kunye nomzuzu wokuzalwa kuka-Saleem Sinai, ophambili kunye nomlandisi ngobomi bakhe esazi amaxesha abalulekileyo ezopolitiko kwisizwe sakhe. Incwadi, eyaba yinto yokuthengisa emva kokupapashwa kwayo ngo-1981, uphumelele ibhaso leNcwadi kunye neJames Tait Black Prize.
Iintloni
Abagxeki abaninzi bakhulelwa Iintloni emva kokupapashwa kwayo ngo-1983 njengomsebenzi ongenakuchazwa kodwa oyimfuneko, umlutha ngokupheleleyo. Wahlala e IPeccavistan, ilizwe elithelekelelwayo ngamanye amaxesha kude nenyani, Ihlazo yintlekele apho amabali abalinganiswa abohlukeneyo aphawulwe ngeentloni ahlelwa, ukusuka ku-Omar Khayyam, unyana woomama abathathu, ukuya kuGeneral Hyder nakwizangqa zakhe ezimnyama. Enye ye iinoveli kakhulu ukwazi nguRushdie.
Iindinyana zikaSathana
Nangona kunjalo ubunyani bomlingo Ibihleli iyinto ebalaseleyo kuncwadi lwaseLatin American.Abanye ababhali baseIndiya abanjengoArundhati Roy noSalman Rushdie bayisebenzisile kwimisebenzi apho inyani kunye nefantasy zidityaniswa ngokulula. Umzekelo olungileyo ngu Iindinyana zikaSathana, kwincwadi eneempikiswano enkulu kaRushdie. Incwadana ibalisa ibali labadlali ababini be-Bollywood, uGibreel Farishta noSaladin Chamcha, inqwelo-moya yabo ithathwa ngabanqolobi, ebangela ukuba bawele elwandle. Emva kokusinda, bobabini abalinganiswa banemibono ebahambisa ngokwembono yabanye abalinganiswa, njengaleyo yomprofeti oselula waseIndiya uAyeesha, okanye inguqulelo kaMuhammad ebandakanya ukudityaniswa kweKoran. Eli bali lokugqibela alikhange likonwabise inkoliso yamaSilamsi, ngakumbi ilizwe elise-Iraq elineenkokeli zonqulo, u-Ayatollah URuhollah Khomeini, iyalele ukuba kusweleke umbhali emva kokuba incwadi yapapashwa ngo-1988 fatwa (okanye isigwebo) ngokuchasene noRushdie sisasebenza, efikelele kwi-2.8 yezigidi zeedola.
UHarún nolwandle lwamabali
URushdie wapapasha le seti yeakhawunti ngo-1990, kwiinyanga ezili-19 emva kokufihla ngasemva fatwa Wagwetywa apho emva kokupapashwa kweeVangeli zikaSathana. Amaxesha anzima apho umbhali ubhalele unyana wakhe uZafar le ncwadi, Ukujikeleza iindlela ezintsha zokubaliswa kwabantwana ngamazwi kaRashid Khalifa, umbalisi wamabali obalaseleyo othi, ukusukela ngemini enye ukuya kolandelayo, alahlekelwe sisakhono sokuqhubeka nokubalisa. Ibhlokhi eya kuzama ukoyisa ngoncedo lonyana wakhe, uHarún, omncedayo ukuba abuye namandla. Kuthathelwa ingqalelo njengentetho yemeko enzima umbhali awayehamba kuyo kunye nomnqweno wonyana wakhe, umfazi kunye nekhaya losapho, UHarún nolwandle lwamabali kunokwenzeka enye ye Iincwadi zikaRushdie ezizezakho, ilungele bonke abaphulaphuli.
Umphefumlo wokugqibela weMoor
Kucingwa ngabaninzi njengenye yeencwadi zakhe ezilungileyo, Ukuncwina kokugqibela kukaMoror, epapashwe ngo-1995, ibalisa ibali lelungu lokugqibela losapho lakwaZogoiby, uMoraes el Moro, ovela engcwabeni lakhe obalisa ngobomi bosapho. Umlinganiswa ophambili, indoda eguga ngesantya esikhawulezayo kunalo lonke uluntu i-ode yokuhla kwehlabathi kunye neengxabano zentlalo yelizwe elinobundlobongela njenge-India kodwa nakuthando kunye nobubele obuvela kumlinganiswa obuyela umva kwiziganeko zangoku eIndiya ukuya kubukho bokugqibela kokumkani wamaMoor waseSpain.
Umhlaba ophantsi kweenyawo zakho
Ifunyenwe njenge ingxelo yentsomi ka-Orpheus no-Eurydice, Umhlaba ophantsi kweenyawo zakho uxela ibali likaVina Apsara, imvumi esencinci enelizwi lasendle elifunwa ngamadoda amabini: U-Ormus Cama kunye nomhlobo wakhe, umfoti uRai, okwangumbali webali. Incwadana isetyenziswe ngexesha apho ilitye ifikelele encotsheni yayo, ke inoveli ineembekiselo ezininzi kuhlobo lolo hlobo ngaxeshanye nokugxekwa kwale manyano ingenakwenzeka phakathi kweMpuma neNtshona. Incwadana yapapashwa ngo-1999.
Shalimar umhlekisi
Ipapashwe ngo-2005, uShalalimar umhlekisi uxelela iziphumo ezibi zothando ngokujonga ngamehlo ophambili, umgrogrisi ozibiza Shalimar umhlekisi. Kwangumqhubi wenqwelo-mafutha wamaSilamsi, owathi, ngenye intsasa ngo-1991, wabulala owayesakuba ngunozakuzaku wase-India kunye nomphathi wobunqolobi e-US uMaximilian Ophuls. Ingxaki iqala xa uphando lufumanisa imvelaphi yesizathu esingelula kangako apho intombi yesazisi sikaOphuls ifunyenwe njengothandiweyo kaShalalimar xa wayesebenza njengonozakuzaku eKashmir.
Umtsalane weFlorence
Ubungqina obucacileyo bomsebenzi olungileyo kaRushdie wokuguqula amagama abe ngumlingo, Umtsalane weFlorence ibuyela kwiziganeko zembali ezindala kunezo umbhali aziqhelileyo. Ngokukodwa, kusisa kwinkundla ye UAkbar Omkhulu, indawo yokuzalwa kobukumkani bukaMughal, kwisixeko saseIndiya iFatehpur Sikri Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-2008, ixesha apho iimfazwe ezahlukeneyo ezaziza kuchaza i-India njengelizwe ziyakwenzeka. Isiqendu esiphembelelwa libali lendoda eza enkundleni, enye malunga nebhinqa elinobuhle kunye nelizwi elinomtsalane nezipho ezinkulu zobugqwirha. Enye yeencwadi zakhe ezilungileyo ezapapashwa kwi-XNUMX.
Yintoni eyenzelwe wena Iincwadi ezilungileyo zikaSalman Rushdie?