UDostoevsky. Iinkcukacha zomfanekiso kaVasily Perov.
UFyodor Dostoyevsky ayiqwalaselwa kuphela omnye wababhali abaphambili baseRussia eyayikhona, kodwa enye yezona zilungileyo ngalo lonke ixesha. Usweleke ngemini efana nale yanamhlanje ngo-1881 eSaint Petersburg. Umsebenzi wakhe wajongana nezinto eziyinyani kwezentlalo nezopolitiko ze IRussian Tsarist nzima ngakumbi. Ngapha koko, wagwetyelwa ukufa ngo-1849 njengomvukeli kwaye, kungekudala ngaphambi kokubulawa kwakhe, uTsar Nicholas I wasiguqula isigwebo sakhe saya kwiminyaka eliqela yokusebenza ngokunyanzelwa. Ukulinda ukusweleka kangangeentsuku kuye kwamphawula ngokunzulu kwaye kwaba nefuthe kubomi bakhe bokubhala.
Abazalwana bakaKaramazov, Isidenge, Ulwaphulo-mthetho kunye nezohlwayo o Umdlali Ngabaphengululi boncwadi olusisiseko kakhulu kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba ngokuba yimizekelo yolwazi olunzulu lwe UDostoevsky yengqondo yabantu. Kubo wadala abalinganiswa ababonakalisa ukuqaqamba kunye nobumnyama bomphefumlo. La ngamanye amabinzana akhethwe kwezi zihloko ukukukhumbula ngalo mhla.
Ulwaphulo-mthetho kunye nezohlwayo
- Uhlala kube kanye, kwaye andifuni kulindela olo lonwabo kwindalo iphela. Ngaphezulu kwayo yonke loo nto, ndifuna ukuphila. Ukuba akazange awuva lo mnqweno, kungangcono ukuba angabinabomi.
- Isizathu likhoboka lomnqweno.
- Kule mihla yethu, ezona zityalo zithandekayo zezona zilungileyo.
- Yonke into eluncedo eluntwini ichubekile.
- Intlupheko ayisiyonto imbi.
Isidenge
- Imfesane ngoyena ndoqo kwaye mhlawumbi ingumthetho wobukho bomntu.
- Amava athatha isigqibo kwaye abonisa ukuba awungekhe uphilele ukusebenzisa wonke umzuzu. Akunakwenzeka.
- Yintoni eyona nto imbi kwaye idelelekileyo ngemali kukuba ikwabonelela ngeetalente.
- Ukuba akazange afe. Ukuba bandibuyisele ubomi bam. Leliphi ingunaphakade elinokuvula phambi kwam! Ingaguqula yonke imizuzu ibe yinkulungwane yobomi; Andizukudelela umzuzwana kwaye ndigcine yonke imizuzu ukuze ndingachithi.
Abazalwana bakaKaramazov
- Ngamana uMtyholi angawasusa onke la madoda enobuso obenziwe ziinkulungwane kwaye athwala kuphela ubuqhetseba kunye nobuxoki!
- Nabani na ozixokisayo kwaye emamele ubuxoki bakhe uza kungazi yinyaniso, nokuba akukho kuye, okanye kuye.
- Umntu waqamba uThixo. Kodwa ayisiyonto ingaqhelekanga leyo, kwaye ayimangalisi into yokuba uThixo wayekho ngokwenene; Into engaqhelekanga kukuba uluvo olunjalo belunokuthi luvele kwingqondo yesilwanyana esinoburhalarhume nobubi njengomntu, kuba ingumbono ongcwele kangako, oshukumayo, osisilumko ngokunzulu kwaye uzukisa umntu kakhulu.
- Uluvo lwam kukuba ukuba uMtyholi akakho, ukuba wenziwe ngumntu, wenze njalo ngokomfanekiso wakhe nangokufana naye.
- Kukho imikhosi emithathu, imikhosi emithathu eyahlukileyo emhlabeni ekwaziyo ukoyisa nokuthimba ukuqonda kwabavukeli babuthathaka ngonaphakade, kulonwabo lwabo. Zezi: ummangaliso, imfihlakalo kunye negunya.
Umdlali
- Ngeliphandle, andiboni nto imdaka kumnqweno wokuphumelela kangangoko kwaye ngokukhawuleza.
- Njengokuhlekisa njengokuzithemba kwam okukhulu kwezibonelelo zeeroulette kunokubonakala, nangakumbi kuhlekisa luluvo oluqhelekileyo lokuba akukho ngqiqweni kwaye kububudenge ukulindela nantoni na kumdlalo. Kwaye kutheni ukungcakaza kufanele ukuba kubi ngaphezu kwazo zonke iindlela zokwenza imali, umzekelo, urhwebo? Inye into eqinisekileyo: inye kwikhulu lempumelelo. Kodwa ibaluleke ngantoni loo nto kum?
- Ngelo xesha kwakufuneka ndithathe umhlala-phantsi, kodwa ndaziva ndinemvakalelo engaqhelekanga: umnqweno wokucaphukisa ilishwa, ukudlala ihlaya, ukukhupha ulwimi lwam. Ndibeka esichengeni esona sixa sikhulu sigunyazisiweyo, amawaka amane eentyatyambo, ndaza ndalahleka….
- Andazi ixesha elide ukuba kwenzeka ntoni emhlabeni, eRashiya okanye apha ... Uyazi kakuhle into efunwa yingqondo yam. Kuba andinathemba lincinci kwaye emehlweni akho ndiyinto engento, ndiza kukuxelela ngokuphandle: Ndiyakubona kuphela. Kwaye andikhathali ngokuseleyo. Mna ngokwam andazi kutheni ndimthanda ngoluhlobo.