Alvaro Lozano Ungugqirha wentliziyo ngomsebenzi kunye nombhali weenoveli zembali ngexesha lakhe lokuphumla. uye wapapasha Irene eAthene, ebekwe kwixesha laseByzantine, nelokugqibela, ukulibala kunye nenkohlakalo. Usixelela ngaye kule nto udliwano ndlebe. Enkosi kakhulu ngexesha lakho kunye nobubele ekundikhonzeni.
Alvaro Lozano - Udliwano-ndlebe
- ACTUALIDAD LITERATURA: Inoveli yakho yamva nje inesihloko ukulibala kunye nenkohlakalo. Usixelela ntoni ngayo kwaye yavela phi le mbono?
U-ÁLVARO LOZANO: Ingcamango yokuqala yencwadi yavela kumlingiswa we UMaria de Padilla. Ekuqaleni yayizakuba yinoveli malunga naye, kodwa njengoko ndandisiya ndingena nzulu kwisigaba samaxwebhu, ndafumanisa zonke ezo zinto. bafazi owayenempembelelo ngandlel’ ithile ebomini bukaKumkani uDon Pedro okhohlakeleyo okanye bancedise ekucaciseni ngamabali abo ukuba ibingubani.
NjengoSevillian, ndikhule ndimamela uninzi iintsomi Uthini na ngalo kumkani emzini wam. Ngandlela-thile, bendisoloko ndimthanda, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuthabatheka kwabo baphulukene nathi, kwaye elo gama kaPetros Okhohlakeleyo ayizange ibonakale ilungile kum.
Ukubeka zonke ezi zinto kunye, ndaye ndagqiba ekubeni ndibhale inoveli apho uDon Pedro wayengenguye umlinganiswa oyintloko, kodwa ngabafazi ababemngqongile kwaye bamchaza, abathi, kwangaxeshanye, bandivumele ukuba ndakhe Umfanekiso wenkosi ngokwembono ezahlukeneyo.
UPeter I Ukhohlakele
Ngale ndlela, kwisahluko sokuqala sifumana uPedro I okhohlakeleyo ngendlela ecocekileyo, okanye ubuncinci umfanekiso wakhe oye wasinda ekuhambeni kwexesha. Koku kulandelayo, ndibonisa ukumkani ngokwembono yaba bafazi: sumama wakho wesibini, umfazi wakho, isithandwa sakho, amanene ebefanele ukuba uyamxolela.
ngokuba le omnye umxholo omkhulu yenoveli, ukuba kunokwenzeka ngokwenene ukwazi ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kwixesha elidlulileyo, ukuba sinokubhala ngembali ngaphandle kokuthatha icala, ukuba sinokuthembela kwimithombo. Kwaye uDon Pedro kunye nexesha lakhe ngumzekelo ogqibeleleyo, ixesha apho sinenguqulelo enye kuphela kwaye apho iintsomi zidibene nenyani eyayikho okanye inokubakho.
Ngaba uDon Pedro unguJusticero okanye ukhohlakele? Kwaye ngakumbi: ngoobani aba bafazi? Ewe, umsebenzi ofanayo wokucima okanye ukugqwetha ubomi boKumkani wonke waseCastile usetyenziswa ngononophelo kwezi bafazi, ubuntu bayo bulahlekile ngexesha kwaye ekugqibeleni bancitshiswe kwi archetypes of martyr, umfazi ozincamayo, ongcwele, ihenyukazi. Kuba leyo kuphela kwendlela ababhali bengxelo abakwaziyo ukucinga ngabasetyhini. Konke oku, kunye nokunye okuninzi ukulibala kunye nenkohlakalo.
imigaqo kunye nababhali
- KWI: ¿Ngaba uyazikhumbula naziphi na izifundo zakho zokuqala? Kwaye ibali lokuqala olibhalileyo?
AL: Bendisoloko ndingumntu umfundi osele ekhulile. Sele ndisengumntwana umama wandithethisa kuba incwadi zam ndazigqiba ngokukhawuleza. Oku kwakhawuleza kwakhokelela ekudinweni kweencwadi zolutsha ezazisekhaya kwaye ndatshintshela kuncwadi "lwabantu abadala", kwaye ezokuqala zaba. UStephen King y Agatha Christie.
Ngokuphathelele ibali lokuqala, andizange ndikwazi ukuchaza ukuba leliphi. Ndaqala ukubhala ndisemtsha kwaye ndikhumbula ndibhala amabali ukuba esikolweni kwaye ndiwadlulisele kumaqabane am edesika ukuze azifunde. wabhala ukusuka uhlengahlengiso kwiintsomi zakudala phezulu amabali existentialist njengoko elivisayo ingcungcuthekiswa ehambelana naloo minyaka.
- KWI: Umbhali oyintloko? Unokukhetha ngaphezu kweyodwa nakwezinye iindawo.
AL: Baninzi kakhulu. Ndiyifunda yonke into. Enye yeencwadi zam endizithandayo ngalo lonke ixesha I-Iliad kaHomer. Ndingaxela UFlaubert, UDostoevsky, IGaldos, Beka, Genet, Arendt, Sanchez Ferlosio, uGarcia Hortelano, uMarias, Eco, Roth, Saramago, kunye nababhali abaninzi bangoku uCarrére, uVuillard, uDe Vigan, UMariana Enriquez...
- KWI: Nguwuphi umlinganiswa osencwadini onqwenela ukudibana naye kunye nokwenza?
AL: Zininzi, kodwa ndihlala ndicinga enye endicinga ukuba ayaziwa kakhulu okanye ayaziwa, kwaye injalo Baudolino, ukusuka kwinoveli yegama elifanayo Umberto Echo. ngaphezulu Igama le roseYeyona noveli yam endiyithandayo kweyakhe. U-Baudolino, ukuyibeka ngandlela-thile, umqambimanga ngomsebenzi kwaye xa exelela ubomi bakhe, imbali, ingcamango, inkohliso kunye nefantasy ixutywe. Olo hlobo lwendlela yokujonga inoveli yembali ibisoloko inomtsalane kum kwaye umlinganiswa uyamangalisa.
Amasiko kunye neentlobo
- KWI: Nayiphi na into yokuzonwabisa ekhethekileyo okanye umkhwa xa kufikwa ekubhaleni okanye ekufundeni?
KWI: Xa ndigqiba incwadi Andikwazi ukulala okanye ndiqalise ukwenza enye into, rhoqo Kufuneka ndiqale olandelayo. Ndicinga ukuba yindlela yokungabi yinkedama, ukuhlala untywila ebalini.
Kwaye ubhekisa kwi ubhale, xa ndi tshixa, Ndiza ku kuhlamba, kwaye apho ndiphantse ndifumane indlela yokuphuma kwi-jam.
- KWI: Kwaye indawo oyikhethileyo kunye nexesha lokwenza oko?
AL: Ndidla ngokubhala e njakalanga, kuxa ndinethuba lokukhululeka. Kwaye ukuba imozulu ilungile, ndiyathanda ukuyenza Ithala.
- KWI: Ngaba zikhona ezinye iintlobo ozithandayo?
AL: Ndifunda yonke into, kodwa ndicinga ukuba eyona nto ndiyifunda kakhulu kunye neyona nto ndiyithanda kakhulu njengohlobo (ndicinga ukuba ezona zakudala azinakucalulwa), ngaphandle kwebali langoku, intsomi yesayensi kunye loyiko.
Ukufundwa kunye neeprojekthi
- KWI: Ufunda ntoni ngoku? Ukubhala?
AL: Ndigqibile Ezi, nguMary Renault, kuhlelo oludibeneyo lweenoveli ezimbini ezenza ukuba uEdhasa akhululwe, kwaye ndiyifumene ilula. Ndiyaqala idayari yesela, nguJean Genet, esandul 'ukukhutshwa kwakhona (bendiyikhangele loo ncwadi iminyaka) kunye nencinci endinayo, sele ibonakala imangalisa.
Ngokuphathelele into endiyiyo UkubhalaAndikwazi ukukuxelela okuninzi okwangoku. Ndiza kuthetha ukuba ngeli xesha umlinganiswa oyintloko yindoda kwaye ndibuyela emva emva kwexesha oko kwinoveli yam yokugqibela.
Umbono wangoku
- KWI: Ucinga ukuba indawo yokupapasha injani ngokubanzi?
AL: Ndinexesha elifutshane kweli hlabathi kwaye Andazi kakhulu malunga nokungena nokuphuma kwayo ngokwaneleyo ukwenza uluvo ngayo. Amava am angaqhelekanga, ndinokuba namagama amnandi kuphela kwindlu yam yokupapasha, u-Edhasa, kunye nomhleli wam uPenelope Acero, kodwa ndiyazi ukuba izinto azilulanga phaya. Ewe ndinalo uluvo njengomfundi, ukuba cinani leencwadi ezipapashiweyo liyahlekisa, nokuba, ngokubanzi, umgangatho woncwadi lwabaninzi babo, ubuncinane, uyathandabuzeka, kungakhathaliseki ukuba zingaphi iikopi abazithengisayo. Ndifunde iindidi ezahlukahlukeneyo, kwaye njengomfundi othanda izinto ezininzi, into endiyifunayo kwincwadi kukuba ibe luncwadi olulungileyo, kwaye ukufumanisa oko, kufuneka ukhethe kakhulu.
- KWI: Uwuphatha njani lo mzuzu siphila kuwo? Ngaba uyifumana ikhuthaza amabali exesha elizayo?
AL: Ndiyithatha kangangoko ndinako, ngokurhoxa. I Ndingomnye wabantu abangenathemba: Ndiyakholelwa ukuba ikamva limnyama kakhulu kwaye akukho nto ingako enokwenziwa ukuyiphepha, kuba asifuni. Siphila kwihlabathi apho wonke umntu ezikhathalele. Silahlekelwe ngamandla onke ovelwano, kwaye eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba naluphi na uluvo, nokuba lude kangakanani na, kufuneka luthathelwe ingqalelo, lunyanyezelwe. Yingxaki kaPopper yokunyamezelana ejike yaba liphupha elibi, kuba ngokunyamezela into enganyamezelekiyo siya ngqo emngxunyeni.
Khange ndilinge ndibhale intsomi yesayensi idystopian, kodwa ukuba kuthe kwajikeleza entlokweni yam, kuba yiyo leyo isini esinye apho ikamva esiya kulo linokuthi lizinziswe.