Sonke sinencwadi ekhaya U-Archibald uJoseph Cronin. Okanye ukudityaniswa kwamabali abo kwimithamo yamaphepha anyanisi entle kunye neepasta zolusu. Ngokuqinisekileyo. Ewe namhlanje, oku Ugqirha nombhali waseScotland Ngendizalisekisile 122 iminyaka. Wayengumlobi wenoveli ophumeleleyo kwiminyaka yoo-40 kunye neye-50 kwaye enye yeyam yokuqala, masithi ngaphezulu okanye kuncinci iincwadi zabantu abadala Izinto eziza nebhegi emnyama Kwelo qweqwe. Namhlanje ndijonga ezinye izihloko zakhe kwimemori yomzimba wakhe.
Ubomi abukho ipaseji ethe nkqo nelula, apho sihamba sikhululekile kwaye ngaphandle kwezithintelo, kodwa i-labyrinth yeendinyana, apho kufuneka sifumane indlela yethu, ilahlekile Kwaye ndibhidekile kaninzi-ninzi ndanamathela kwisiphelo esifileyo.
Kodwa, ukuba sinokholo, uThixo uyakuhlala evula umnyango wokuba nangona ingeyiyo le besiyifuna, ekugqibeleni izakulunga kuthi.UAJ Cronin
U-Archibald uJoseph Cronin
Wazalelwa ngaphakathi EScotland ngoJulayi 19, 1896. Wayefuna ukuba ngumbhali esemncinci, kodwa wagqiba kwelokuba alandele iingcebiso zosapho kwaye wabhalisela ukufunda mayeza kwiYunivesithi yaseGlasgow. KwiMfazwe Yehlabathi I isebenze njenge ugqirha kwi-Navy, kwaye kamva waqhelisela kwi Iidolophu zemigodi yaseWales.
Waye waqeshwa umhloli wezonyango kwimigodi kwaye wathunywa ukuba afunde ngokubaluleka kwesifo semiphunga kwimimandla yemigodi yase-Great Britain ngo-1924. La mava kunye nalawo alandelayo xa wayesenza iindawo ezingakumbi zoohlohlesakhe eLondon wamkhonza ixesha elide emva ko Umthombo wokhuthazo ngomsebenzi wakho. Iinoveli zakhe zixubekile ubunyani kunye nothando kunye nokugxekwa ekuhlaleni.
Ngo-1930, kwikhefu lezempilo, waqala umsebenzi wakhe njengombhali wenoveli Inqaba yenzondo, eyaphumelela kakhulu. Emva koko wayephantse enxibelelanisa ukupapashwa kwezinye iinoveli ezinje Zintathu uthando, Kwiziqithi zeCanary naphantsi kweenkwenkwezi.
Kodwa nini Udumo lwehlabathi luhamba kunye ICitadel Nezitshixo zoBukumkani. Kuzo wabalisa inkxalabo yakhe ngokwenkolo kunye namava akhe njengogqirha. Zombini iinoveli zaguqulelwa kwihlabathi liphela kwaye zenziwa iifilimu. Impumelelo kolu hlengahlengiso lwefilimu yamkhokelela ekubeni aphile ixesha elithile hollywood, kodwa emva koko wabuyela eYurophu, kwi IBlue Coast IsiFrentshi, kwaye sagqitywa ngokuthatha umhlala-phantsi ESwitzerland, apho wafela khona 1981.
Ummeli uyasebenza
Izinto eziza nebhegi emnyama
En Amabali ama-16 UCronin usibalisela ibali likagqirha Ukugqitywa kwehyslop en Ilevenford, idolophu encinci yaseScotland. U-Finlay, ugqirha oselula, uza kusebenza njengomncedisi wamagqala kwaye urhabaxa cameron kagqirha. Ingxelo emgceni eqala ngongenelelo lukaFinlay kwi Yokwenzakele lwexesha likaxakeka olwenziwa kabuhlungu kwaye phantse ubuqhawe imeko kwinkwenkwe enesifo somqala. Ukufikelela esiphelweni apho kukho i- ukubulala esiphakathini.
De Kulula kakhulu ukufundaAkukho kunqongophala kwemvakalelo okanye uburharha kwindalo encinci kakhulu kunye nabalinganiswa abanempawu zedolophu encinci yaseScotland. Gcina engqondweni Umongo nexesha apho isenzo senzeka khona.
ICitadel
Kwakhona umlinganiswa ophambili uthi ugqirha oselula, ugqirha UAndrew Manson, oza emsebenzini wakhe wokuqala kwimigodi yasekuhlaleni Welsh. Ukuzimisela kwakho kunye nentshiseko kungekudala iya kuvavanywa kwaye uya phantse uye kumda xa ufumanisa ubunyani bobuhlwempu obugqithisileyo kunye nokusilela kwendlela kunyango kwindawo. Xa uneengxaki ezininzi uthatha isigqibo sokufudukela Londres, apho aqhubeka nokunceda abaguli abakumgangatho wokusebenza. Kodwa ke umntu asebenza naye umcela ukuba asebenze kwi- ikliniki etyebileyo yokugula.
Le noveli mhlawumbi eyona ibalulekileyo Cronin, njengoko wayenempembelelo enkulu ekudalweni kwale mihla Inkqubo yesizwe yezempilo evela eUnited Kingdom.
Ndibhale eLa Ciudadela uluvo lwam malunga nomsebenzi wobugqirha, ukungabikho kokusesikweni, amabhongo angenamda, inkani, ubudenge bayo ... Ndizibonile zonke izinto ezoyikisayo endizibalisayo apha. Ngale noveli andifuni ukugxeka nawuphina umntu othile, kodwa ngakumbi le nkqubo.
AJCronin
Kunyaka emva kokupapashwa kwayo ukulungelelaniswa kwefilimu ngubani owalathisayo Kumkani vidor. Baneenkwenkwezi kuyo URobert Donat, URosalind Russell y Rex Harrison phakathi abanye. Yimpumelelo enkulu, yonyulwa kwiindidi ezi-4 ze-Oscars: eyona bhanyabhanya, oyena mdlali ubalaseleyo (uDonat), olona khokelo lubalaseleyo kunye nomdlalo bhanyabhanya ogqwesileyo.
Izitshixo zoBukumkani
Kuthathwa njengeyakho Umsebenzi wobugcisa, le noveli ibalisa ngobomi be ubawo UFrancis Chisholm, inkolo engaqhelekanga yaseScotland. Yiyo loo nto sihamba ebuntwaneni bakhe de kube sisiganeko esibuhlungu esivusa ubizo: Umsebenzi wobufundisi eTshayina Ngexesha lokuphazamiseka kakhulu kwendlala, isibetho kunye nemfazwe yamakhaya.
Kwakunjalo yaqhelaniswa nomdlalo bhanyabhanya ngo-1944 ngesihloko esifanayo. Uyalathise UJohn M. Stahl kwaye wabonakala kuyo UGregory peck, owazuza elona ziko lonyuliweyo kwi-Oscars ngo-1946.
Ezinye izihloko
- Ikamva likaRobert Shannon
- Igadi yaseSpain
- Iminyaka eluhlaza
- Ingcwaba lomnqamlezo
- Ugqirha womthonyama
- Inqaba yenzondo
- Ngaphandle kokuthula
- Umthi kaYuda
- Iingoma ezi-Six Pence
- Amadoda acebisa (yeqonga)