Udliwanondlebe noRoberto Martínez Guzmán, umbhali wothotho olumnyama oludlala u-Eva Santiago.

Siyavuya ukuba namhlanje kwibhlog yethu kunye URoberto Martinez Guzman, U-Orense, ngo-1969, umbhali woluhlu lwenoveli yolwaphulo-mthetho no-Eva Santiago, kunye nomthengisi othengisa kakhulu Iileta ezivela ekuphatheni gadalala.

«Kum, umfundi ngamnye okhetha enye yeencwadi zam lilungelo, kuba uzinikela ngexesha lakhe kwaye uthembele kum. Kusezandleni zam ndifuna ukuphinda. Kwaye ukumqinisekisa ngumceli mngeni. "

Actualidad Literatura: Iincwadi ezine, iindidi ezimbini kunye nabalinganiswa ababini, intsomi enye, uEva Santiago, umhloli wamaPolisa kaZwelonke, kuthotho lwakho lolwaphulo-mthetho, kunye neyokwenyani, uMontse, enegama eliyintsomi, ngomsebenzi wakho wokuqala, ibali elingeyonyani elinemvelaphi. kakhulu ekuhlaleni, Iileta ezivela kuxhatshazo. Luluphi unxibelelwano olukhoyo phakathi kwezi zimbini? Lwenzeka njani utshintsho ukusuka kolunye ukuya kolunye?

URoberto Martínez Guzmán: Akukho nxibelelwano kwaye, ngokusisiseko, akukho nyathelo lithile ukusuka kwelinye ukuya kwelinye. Iileta ezivela ekuphatheni gadalala kuloliwe ogqitha kube kanye ebomini. Iprojekthi efuna uthotho lweemeko ekunzima kakhulu ukuba zenzeke ngaxeshanye: idayari ebhalwe kwimeko enjalo kunye nentando yomntu ophambili ukuba ivele, nokuba ayaziwa. Wayibeka ezandleni zam kwaye kwabonakala kum ukuba mandingayivumeli idlule kuba uxwebhu olwahlukileyo luzolahleka. Isizathu sokuba yayiyincwadi yam yokuqala ethengiswayo kukuba kude kube lelo mzuzu ndingakhange ndicinge ngokupapasha nantoni na endiyibhalileyo, kwaye ngekhe ndenze njalo ukuba iAmazon ibingahlali eSpain kungekudala. Ndiyathetha ukuba umsebenzi wam wokuba ngumvelisi wenoveli akuxhomekekanga kuloo ncwadi, kodwa kwimeko yokuzipapasha ngokwakho ngeziqinisekiso zokufikelela inani elikhulu labafundi. Ndabhala ngaphambili kwaye ndaqhubeka nokubhala kamva, yayingumhlathi kuphela lowo.

AL: Ababhali baxuba kunye ne-centrifuge iinkumbulo zabo kunye namabali abawevileyo ukwenza abalinganiswa kunye neemeko. Ngamanye amaxesha, njengencwadi yakho yokuqala, bavakalisa ibali eliyinyani. Yintoni ehambisa uRoberto Martínez Guzmán? Ufuna ukwenza ntoni kubafundi bakho?

I-RMG: Kwincwadi yam yokuqala, ndachukunyiswa yinto yokubeka umfundi ezihlangwini zowasetyhini oxhatshazwa liqabane lakhe. Ndiqonde ukuba owam umsebenzi kukubeka iphephandaba ezandleni zomfundi njengokuba bendibhala kwaye bendizokuma ecaleni kwakhe ndibonise izithuba ezinokushiyeka ngeeleta ezingabhaliswanga ukuba zipapashwe. Kananjalo umsebenzi wam yayingekokugweba oko kwakubonakalisiwe kubo, kodwa yayikukugxila kuphela ekugqibeni ibali, ndifuna ukuba umfundi aliphile ibali lomntu wokuqala kwaye, ekugqibeleni, yayinguye owayegweba iinyani.

Kwelinye icala, kwiinoveli zam ndihlala ndifuna ukuba umfundi ahlangane nabalinganiswa abanokubakho kubomi babo bemihla ngemihla. Ndicinga ukuba yindlela elivelisa ngayo umdla omkhulu kumfundi kwaye kwelinye icala, unokuchonga ngokulula ngakumbi. Andibathandi abalinganiswa esingasoze sihlangane nabo esitratweni. Ewe ndiyaqonda ukuba ndenza abalinganiswa abaninzi bokwenyani.

AL: Incwadi yakho yamva nje, Iincwadi ezisixhenxe zikaEva, epapashwe kwi-2016, yeyesithathu kwi-saga, kodwa, enyanisweni, yeyokuqala, yiyo ebalisa ibali le-protagonist yakho ngaphambi kokuthatha isigqibo sokuba lipolisa. Ngaba siza kuqhubeka nokuhlala kwi-Eva Santiago? Ngaba siza kubuyela apho iyeke khona emva Ikofu kunye neecuba zomngcwabo? Ngaba uza kubuyela kwinto engeyonyani?

I-RMG: Okokuqala, hayi, andizukubuyela kwinto engeyonyani: ngololiwe okhethekileyo owenzeke kube kanye ebomini. Andilindi okwesibini.

Ngokubhekisele kumhloli u-Eva Santiago, kwasekuqaleni bendicinga ukuba zonke iinoveli ziyaziqukumbela, zizimele zodwa kwaye zinokufundwa nangayiphi na indlela, ukuze umfundi angaziva ebambeke kwisaga, kwaye ukuba, baqhubeka nayo, baya kuba Kungenxa yokuba wayebathanda kakhulu. Ukusukela ngelo xesha ukuya phambili, nam andiziva ndibophelelekile kuyo, kwaye yiyo loo nto ndingakhange ndigqibe kwelokuba kusaqhubeka ukuhanjiswa. Endaweni yoko, andikasithathi isigqibo sokuba nini. Ngokomgaqo, ndinethemba lokuzinikezela ngakumbi iinoveli kuyo, kodwa andazi ukuba iyakuba yincwadi elandelayo okanye kwiminyaka embalwa. Akunakubakho baninzi. Into endinokuyithetha kukuba baya kuba ngamatyala oMhloli u-Eva Santiago, ngaphandle komnye, oya kuba yinoveli yokuvala. Ngamanye amagama, ukuba incwadi ezisixhenxe zikaEva yimvelaphi kaEva Santiago, kunokwenzeka ukuba kukho ukuhanjiswa okuphela kukaEva Santiago.

AL: Incwadi yokuqala kuthotho lwe-Eva Santiago, Ukufa ngaphandle koVuko, Iguqulelwe kwisiTaliyane nakwisiNgesi, kwaye yeyona nto ithengiswayo eMexico, yenye yeemarike eziphambili zolu hlobo. Ngaba inoveli yolwaphulo-mthetho ibeka iOrense isebenza kwintengiso yamanye amazwe? Ngaba iGalicia ithengisa ngaphandle kwemida yethu?

I-RMG: Ayisiyo ukuba iGalicia iyathengisa, kukuba ithengisa nayiphi na indawo ebekwe kakuhle kwaye ethembekileyo kwiimpawu zayo. Kwakucacile kum kwasekuqaleni, ukuba ndifuna umfundi, owayengazi nokuba iGalicia iphi, unomdla kwimbali kwaye uchongwe ngendawo, kwakufuneka athembeke kakhulu kwijografi, amasiko kunye nengqondo yakhe ebantwini. . Ndingomnye wabo bakholelwa kwilizwi lokuba akukho nto iyenye kwindalo iphela ngaphandle kwento engqongqo yalapha. Ewe, ndicinga ukuba bambalwa abantu abayaziyo iGalicia eMexico kwaye, ngomhla wayo yayiyinkokheli ekukhutsheni i-ebook ixesha elide.

AL: Enye yeencwadi zakho, Ikofu kunye neeCigarettes zomngcwabo, okwesibini kuthotho lukaEva Santiago, uyipapashe ngezavenge simahla, kunye neeNcwadi eziSiriyali, ezifumaneka kwibhlog yakho nakumaqonga awahlukeneyo. Njengoko uyiposile, ubusebenzisana nabafundi, ude wabaleka nokhuphiswano lokuqikelela ukuba ngubani umbulali. Ibinjani amava emva kwempumelelo yentengiso ye Ukufa novuko? Luze phi olo vavanyo kuRoberto Martínez Guzmán?

I-RMG: Ndiyakhumbula ukuba ndijongane noloyiko olukhulu. Ngenxa yokuba inokuthandwa kancinci, kodwa ngaphezulu kwayo yonke loo nto, ngenxa yengozi yokuba inoveli yokuqala ingayitya yesibini. Ukufa ngaphandle koVuko kuthengiswe kakuhle kwaye ixesha elide, kwaye kuhlala kusenzeka ukuba, kwezi meko, abafundi abaninzi bayaqhubeka nokuchonga inoveli yokuqala. Kubonakala kusisiyatha, kodwa oko kuphelela ekuthatheni isithunzi eside esigubungela yonke into oyithumelayo emva koko. Ngale ndlela, mhlawumbi inyani yokuba iKofu kunye neeCigarettes zomngcwabo zapapashwa ngezavenge kwaye kwisithuba seenyanga ezimbalwa banciphisa le ngozi. Ngale ndlela, ukhuphiswano lokuqikelela umbulali luye lwajolisa ekurhoxiseni ingqalelo yabafundi belokuqala kwaye libajolise kweli bali litsha, apho bekukho umbulali obefanele ukufunyanwa.

AL: Ngaba ubugebenga boncwadi buyakukhathaza? Ngaba ucinga ukuba siza kumgqibela ngenye imini?

I-RMG: Hayi, ayindenzakalisi, kuba andimameli. Ngokukrakra, andikaze ndikunike ukubaluleka okukhulu. Ndiqinisekile ukuba abantu abakhuphele iincwadi ezinamaphepha, enyanisweni, ukuba abanakwenza njalo, ngekhe bazithenge kuwe. Ngokuchasene noko, ndiyakholelwa ukuba nabani na okhuphela incwadi ejijekileyo namhlanje, okwethutyana uyakudinwa ziifayile ezaphukileyo, iintsholongwane ezifihliweyo njalo njalo kwaye atshintshele kwiincwadi ezisemthethweni. Kwaye ngelo xesha, uya kubakhumbula ababhali obafundileyo bangenelele kwaye babathandile.

Ndiqinisekile ngayo, okanye ndifuna ukuba yiyo, kuba kum kubonakala ngathi yimfazwe elahlekileyo kwaye kunzima kakhulu ukuba iphele. Okungakumbi xa iLatin America ililizwekazi elinomdla kakhulu, elinabafundi kwaye elingenazo izixhobo ezininzi zokuzithenga (kumazwe afana neVenezuela akunakwenzeka ngokuthe ngqo). Oko kuyila indawo enkulu yokufikelela kwiincwadi ezinamaphepha. Ayisiyiyo ipirate kuphela, ikhutshelwa nangokwasemthethweni. Ukukunika umbono weKofi kunye neecuba zomngcwabo zipapashwe kwiVenkile yokudlala. Ngenye iveki ndayixabisa, idola, ukulinganisa umahluko, ndathengisa iikopi ezine okanye ezintlanu. Kakhulu, kude kakhulu kumanani ayo, kuba njengokukhutshelwa simahla, ngeveki, ihlala iphakathi kwamawaka amabini anamawaka amahlanu okhuphelo. Injalo imeko.

AL: Ngaba kukho naziphi na izinto ozithandayo okanye imikhwa xa ubhala? Ngaba unabo abantu ohambisa kubo iinoveli zakho ngaphambi kokwenza ukulungiswa kokugqibela kunye neengcebiso zabo?

I-RMG: Ngaphezu komdlandla, ngumkhwa. Ndihlala ndibhala kwikhompyuter, ndilungisa, ndiprinta, ndilungisa ephepheni, ndiye kwifayile yekhompyuter, ndiyilungise kwiselfowuni, ndiyiphinde ndiyiprinte, kwaye kwakhona, ndiyinike iphepha. Ngolo hlobo kunye nokubanakho ukuphinda inyathelo. Zonke izilungiso endizidingayo de ndihlale phantsi kwithambeka, kunye namashiti ahleli ethangeni lam, kwaye andifumani nto ndinokuthi ndiyiveze ngcono. Ngumkhuba wam lowo, ukulungisa into endiyibhalayo ndihleli etreyini, ngaphandle kokungxama, ngombhalo uprintwe ephepheni kunye nekofu phambi kwawo.

Ewe, ewe ndinababhali abasebenza njengabafundi abangaziro. Bona kum kwaye nam kubo, kubuhlobo obuqhelekileyo kunye nobuhlobo.

AL: Andizange ndicele umbhali ukuba akhethe phakathi kweenoveli zakhe, kodwa ndicela ukukwazi njengomfundi.Yiphi le ncwadi uyikhumbula ngothando olukhethekileyo, ekuthuthuzelayo ukuba uyibone eshelufini lakho? Nawuphi na umbhali onomdla kuye, uhlobo oluthengayo kuphela okupapashiweyo?

I-RMG: Ndiyayikhumbula ngothando inoveli yokuqala endayifundayo ebomini bam, nanjengomntwana: Olunye uguquko lwesikere, nguHenry James. Ndiyithandile kangangokuba iye yavuselela umdla wam wokubhala amabali. Kule mihla, ndihlala ndithenga yonke into epapashwa nguKarin Slaughter.

AL: Ngawaphi amaxesha akhethekileyo ekhondo lakho lobungcali njengombhali? Ezo uya kuzixelela abazukulwana bakho.

I-RMG: Ndisongele unyana wam ukuze angandiniki abazukulwana, kuba andikulungelanga ngokwasemoyeni ukuba ngutatomkhulu. Ubuncinci okwangoku. Ndiyathemba ke ukuba xa ndizifumana ndikule meko, ndinamathuba amaninzi okukuxelela. Kwabo banamava ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ndingashiywa nababini: usuku lokufa ngaphandle koVuko lufikelele kwindawo ephezulu yokuthengisa eAmazon Spain, kunye nenye ebendingayilindelanga nangayiphi na indlela, xa iZiko le-UAM loLwazi lobuNjineli lipapashe okokugqibela Unyaka wakhe wokufunda ngesiphumo eSpain soSuku lweNcwadi kwaye wagweba ukuba iincwadi ezisixhenxe zikaEva yayiyileta yolwaphulo-mthetho eyacetyiswa kakhulu ngabafundi kwi-Twitter. Ngokunyaniseka, ndandinemincili kakhulu.

AL: Inombolo yokuqala kwintengiso kwiAmazon, umbhali ozinikeleyo wenyani yolwaphulo-mthetho, ehlikihla amagxa ngezona zinkulu, ukhethe ukupapasha idesktop,… Ngaba sisigqibo sakho okanye kunzima kakhulu ukuba umvakalisi omkhulu abheje umbhali, Nokuba sele kudityanisiwe ngaba nguRoberto Martínez Guzmán?

I-RMG: Kwiminyaka eyadlulayo bendicinga ukuba umpapashi akasoze apapashe umbhali ongaziwayo njengam, ngaphandle kokubakho kwimithombo yeendaba kwaye uhlala kwidolophu encinci njengo-Ourense. Kungenxa yoko le nto ndingakhange ndikucinge ukupapasha endikubhalileyo, kuba andifuni ukuthengisa kwam kuxhomekeke ekubambeni abahlobo bam ukuba bandifunde. Hayi, andizithengisi kubahlobo bam, kwaye andibaceli ukuba bathenge naziphi na iincwadi zam. Andizange, kwaye andifuni. Namhlanje, yonke into itshintshile, i-ebook isasazekile kwaye umbhali unokufikelela kubafundi, nokuba banenkxaso yomshicileli omkhulu, omncinci okanye ozipapashayo. Ukufa ngaphandle kovuko andikunikisanga nakubani na, kodwa njengoko yafumana ukubaluleka kuluhlu lwezentengiso, kungekudala yavuselela umdla kwabanye. Bendingafuni ukuyipapasha, kuba ngalo mzuzu bendicinga ukuba sele itshile. Iincwadi ezisixhenxe zikaEva zaziza kuphuma kunye nomshicileli. Ngapha koko, umdla wakhe wazalwa xa wayeqala ukuyibhala, kodwa ekugqibeleni asifikanga kwisivumelwano kwaye andinangxaki ukuyipapasha ngokwam. Endaweni yoko, iKofu kunye neecuba zomngcwabo zaphuma neeNcwadi eziBalulekileyo, ngentliziyo, indlu yokupapasha eyayisaqala nokundinika iprojekthi ebenomdla kum.

Inyani yile yokuba ukuba uyazipapasha kwaye uyathengisa, ngabapapashi abasondela kuwe bakunike ushicilelo lwabo. Into esengqiqweni, kuba ishishini lakhe kukuthengisa iincwadi. Nokuba ndinokwamkela okanye andixhomekeki kunyuselo abandinika lona, ​​kuba kum, namhlanje, sisitshixo sokuba ubakhethele okanye uzipapashe. Kuyafana naxa umntu engenalo iqabane, kodwa ulungile yedwa. Akudingeki ukuba abe nayo, kwaye ukuba ngenye imini uyavuma ukuzibophelela, kungenxa yokuba uziva enethemba lokuba uya kuba ngcono.

AL: Imeko yemithombo yeendaba zentlalo yenza iintlobo ezimbini zababhali, abo bazigatyayo kunye nabo bazithandayo. Ubonakala ulwalamano olukhulu nabo. 136.000 abalandeli kuTwitter.Ufumana ntoni kumajelo asekuhlaleni? Ziza nantoni na elungileyo ebomini bakho, emsebenzini wakho? Ngaba bayazodlula iingxaki?

I-RMG: Abalandeli abayi-136.000 kwiminyaka emininzi endikhe ndaku-Twitter. Kusengqiqweni kuba lonke unyuselo luxhomekeke kum. Kuya kufuneka ucofe imidiya yoluntu kakhulu kunokuba ungathanda. Kwaye i-Twitter yayilixesha apho yayiyeyona nto yokubaleka. Namhlanje ayisebenzi. Into elungileyo malunga neenethiwekhi zentlalo kukuba unokuzenza waziwe ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kubantu besithathu kwaye unxibelelana ngqo nabo bonke abafundi abanqwenela ukwenza njalo. Ikwangumthombo wolwaneliseko, xa umntu ekuxelela ukuba uthathe iiyure zokulala okanye, njengoko umfundi wandixelelayo ngenye imini, ukuba umenze wafunda esitratweni. Ngokwenyani lolunye ulwaneliseko olukhulu ekunikezelayo ngokubhala kwaye okuhlawulela zonke iingxaki, ezikhoyo nazo. Icandelo elibi leenethiwekhi kukuba bakuphanga ixesha elininzi ekufuneka ulibhalile.

AL: Ngaba kunokwenzeka, ngala maxesha, ukuba uphile ngokubhala?

I-RMG: Ewe bakhona abantu abenza njalo. Kodwa ke, ngaphandle kokuyithanda, udinga ikhondo elingaphezulu okanye elingaphantsi, ukunyuselwa okuqinisekileyo kwaye ndinokuba nobuganga bokuthi kufuneka ukuba iincwadi zakho ziguqulelwe kwiilwimi ezininzi. Ngayiphi na imeko, kuxhomekeke kwinto nganye umntu afuna ukuyiphila. Kukho abantu abahleli kancinci kwaye bakufumanisa kulula ukwenza umtsi kwaye kukho abanye abantu abafuna umvuzo ongaphezulu kwaye bakufumanise kunzima ukuyeka ukutshaja ngeendlela ezimbini.

AL: Incwadi yedijithali okanye iphepha?

I-RMG: Kwiphepha, nangona ekugqibeleni, ndihlala ndiphela ukhetha i-ebook ukuze kube lula.

AL: Ukuvala, njengesiqhelo, ndiza kukubuza owona mbuzo usondeleyo ungawubuza umbhali: Kutheni ubhala?

I-RMG: Kuba ndiyathanda ukubalisa amabali. Ndathi ngenye imini kuTwitter ukuba inoveli nganye yayisisimemo kubafundi sokuthatha indawo ngeyona ndawo inzulu yeengqondo zethu; jonga indlela yethu yokuqonda abantu, into esiyithatha ibalulekile kwaye inomdla, iimeko ezinokwenzeka kuthi ebomini kunye nendlela esitolika ngayo. Kungenxa yokuba umfundi unikezela ngokumbamba ngesandla ukuze aphile imeko angazange ayicinge. Kungenxa yoko le nto, kum, umfundi ngamnye okhetha enye yeencwadi zam elilungelo, kuba ulinikezela ixesha lakhe kwaye uyandithemba. Kusezandleni zam ndifuna ukuphinda. Kwaye ukumqinisekisa ngumceli mngeni.

 Gracias URoberto Martinez Guzman, Sinqwenela impumelelo emininzi, ukuba i-streak ingayeki, kwaye uqhubeke usothusa ngenoveli nganye entsha.