Uhlobo olumnyama-lothando lubetha nzima ngabafundi abonwabisayo babaleka ubundlobongela obugqithisileyo.
Sinelungelo kunye nolonwabo lokuba namhla kwibhlog yethu kunye UDavid zaplana (ICagagena, 1975) kunye no-Ana Ballabriga, (Candasnos, 1977), ababhali ababini bohlobo olumnyama, Abaphumeleleyo kwiAmazon Indie Award kwinoveli yakhe Akukho Nyani waseScotland, Ngubani ngoku ongena kule uhlobo olutsha loncwadi oludibanisa inoveli yothando kunye nenoveli yolwaphulo-mthetho kwaye oko kuqala ukubetha kakhulu phakathi kwabafundi, nge NdinguRose Mnyama.
Actualidad Literatura: Thina babhali sidume ngokuba nesithukuthezi, ukuba neentloni, kwaye nokuba "uyinqaba" uqhubeka njani ngokubhala ngezandla ezine? Ngaba iprofayile yombhali iyatshintsha kwinkulungwane yama-XNUMX?
UDavid Zaplana kunye noAna Ballabriga: Sele sizazi izibini zababhali ababhala ngezandla ezine, nangona kuyabonakala ukuba ayikaxhaphakanga. Umsebenzi wombhali unesizungu kakhulu kwaye usabelana ngawo nomnye umntu (kwimeko yethu, nesibini) senza ukuba kube lula ngakumbi, kuba uneprojekthi efanayo onokuthi uthethe ngayo kwaye ujongane kunye neengxaki ezivela. Kwakhona, xa ubhala njengesibini, uhambo lwentengiso (imiboniso, imithendeleko, njl. Njl.) Ziyonwabisa ngakumbi.
Inxalenye embi, kwizicatshulwa, kukuba kufuneka ufunde ukuthetha-thethana, ukwamkela ukugxekwa kunye nokulahla izimvo ezibonakala zilungile kuwe, kodwa hayi komnye. Nangona kunjalo, sikholelwa ekubeni isiphumo esifunyanwa ngokusebenza kunye sihlala singcono kunokuba sisodwa. Xa ubhala ngezandla ezine kuya kufuneka ulahle i-ego yakho, uyeke ukuba ngumzobi ukuze ube yingcibi.
AL: Uqale ukubhala ngaphezulu kweminyaka eli-10 eyadlulayo, uzazisa ngokuzipapasha ngempumelelo enkulu, ngokuphumelela ukhuphiswano lweAmazon Indie ngo-2016 ngeNene Scotsman. Lithetha ntoni eli bhaso kwikhondo lomsebenzi wobuchule bakho boncwadi?
DZ NOAB: Ngokwenene besibhala ngaphezulu kweminyaka engamashumi amabini. Inoveli yethu yokuqala (Ukuwela ngexesha) ayizange ipapashwe kwaye ezimbini ezilandelayo (Emva kwelanga laseCagagena y I-Gothic Morbid), sizipapasha kunye nabapapashi abancinci. Amava ayemhle kakhulu malunga nonyango lomntu, kodwa ulwabiwo lusilele: iincwadi azifikanga kwiivenkile zeencwadi. Le yeyona ngxaki iphambili kubavakalisi abancinci. Sigqibe ke kwelandelayo kufuneka siyipapashe kumshicileli omkhulu. Igqitywe tu Ukuphazamiseka kweLayibrari engaboniyo kweyona minyaka inzima yentlekele kwaye saqala ukuyithumela kubapapashi abakhulu, kodwa impendulo yayihlala injalo: "Ndicela uxolo ukukwazisa ukuba umsebenzi wakho awuhambelani nomgca wethu wokuhlela." Ke siyibeka edroweni. Ngo-2015 sagqiba enye inoveli, Akukho Nyani waseScotland. Saqala kwakhona uhambo lokuthumela kubapapashi kunye neearhente zoncwadi ezaziwayo ezinesiphumo esifanayo. Ukuzibonela ukukhathazeka kwethu, umhlobo (uBlanca, esiya kuhlala sinombulelo kuye) uhlala egxininisa ukuba ikamva lilele kumaqonga edijithali kwaye, ngakumbi, eAmazon, ngenxa yokuba kwakulula ukuzipapasha. Sigqibe kwelokuba sizame. Silayishe iinoveli zethu zokuqala ezintathu ukubona ukuba zisebenza njani, sigcina ezinye ezimbini kwidrowa. Kwaye emva kweenyanga ezininzi zophando kwiiforum, ukukhuthaza kunxibelelwano lwasentlalweni kunye nokusebenzisa izixhobo ezibekwa yiAmazon, sothuswa kukuba iincwadi ziqale ukuthengiswa. Ngaphezu koko, Emva kwelanga laseCagagena, eyayigcina abona bathengisi baphambili iinyanga ezininzi. Kulapho umyalezo weza kuthi ubhengeza ukhuphiswano lweAmazon Indie kwaye sagqiba kwelokuba sibonakalise Akukho scottish eyinyani ngawo (asikakholelwa) sikwazile ukuphumelela phakathi kwabagqatswa abangaphezulu kwe-1400.
Ukuphumelela ukhuphiswano kwakukhuthaza kakhulu. Umnqa wokuqala kukuba samenywa ukuba siye kwi-FIL eGuadalajara (Mexico) ukuza kwenza inoveli yethu. Yayingamava angakholelekiyo, kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo esiyiziselwe leli bhaso kukufumana iarhente elungileyo kunye nokupapasha ngeAmazon Publishing. Eli wonga lisinike ukubonakala, unxibelelwano kwaye lasivulela iingcango. Ngoku, xa sigqiba inoveli, siyazi ukuba kulula ukuyipapasha.
AL: Emva kweenoveli ezimbini zolwaphulo-mthetho, kunzima nokuba, kule yokugqibela ungene kuhlobo olutsha, phakathi phakathi kwenoveli yolwaphulo-mthetho kunye nenoveli yothando. Sekuyiminyaka embalwa okoko inoveli yolwaphulo-mthetho yaseNordic eneenkokheli zababulali bengqondo ababulala ngenxa yolonwabo lokubona iintlungu emehlweni exhoba laqala ukuba nomtsalane phakathi kwabafundi. Ngaba abafundi ngoku bacela inoveli emnandi yolwaphulo-mthetho?
DZ NOAB: Ndicinga ukuba kukho abafundi bayo yonke into. Phantse wonke umntu uyawathanda amabali ayimfihlakalo, kodwa ayinguye wonke umntu othanda amabali anzima okwenza ukuba ube nexesha elinzima okanye ubonakalise inyani ebukhali ejikeleze thina. URose Black libali elifanelekileyo lokufunda kwaye ke siyakholelwa ukuba linokufikelela kubaphulaphuli ababanzi ngakumbi kuneencwadi zethu zangaphambili.
Nangona kunjalo, khange sithathe sigqibo sokwenza ukuba uRose Black athengise ngaphezulu. Sithanda ukuzama izinto ezahlukeneyo kwaye iinoveli zethu zahluke kakhulu. Ukuba kukho umntu osilandelayo, asifuni ukubadika ngokusoloko sibabalisela ibali elifanayo. Besibhale iinoveli ezininzi zothando ngaphambi kokuba sizipapashe ngokwethu phantsi kwegama elingelilo. URose Black wavela njengokudityaniswa kwehlabathi, ipinki kunye nomnyama, inoveli yothando kunye nemfihlakalo.
AL: Khawusixelele malunga ne-protagonist yakho entsha. Ibali lakhe lokuqala libizwa ngokuba ndinguRose Mnyama. Ngubani uRose Black?
DZ NOAB: URose Black ligqwetha eligqiba iminyaka engama-40 kwaye (njengoko kusenzeka kuthi xa sifika kweli xesha) uyazibuza ukuba wenze ntoni ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ngobomi bakhe.
Umfana wokuqala kaRose wanyamalala xa wayeneminyaka engamashumi amabini engenamkhondo. Ukuqwalaselwa yile meko, wathatha izifundo zokuba ngumcuphi wangasese, kodwa ekugqibeleni waqala ukusebenza njengegqwetha kwaye akazange afumane ilayisenisi yakhe. Ngoku, umxhasi umcela ukuba afumanise ukuba umyeni wakhe akathembekanga kuye kwaye uRose ubona ithuba lokuphinda aqhubeke nephupha awayenalo kudala eshiye ngasemva. URose wenza amashumi amane oko abantu abaninzi bangakulingelanga: uyeka ukujika iminyaka kwaye aqale azalisekise amaphupha akhe.
Kwinqanaba leemvakalelo, uRose ucinga ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba abe nabantwana, kodwa uyazi ukuba neqabane lakhe langoku kuya kuba nzima kakhulu: uPedro yindoda entle, entle kwaye esisityebi, kodwa uqhawule umtshato kwaye sele enamantombazana amabini. Kwelinye icala, kukho uMarc Lobo, ipolisa elongamele ukuphanda ngokulahleka kuka-Alex. UMarc umele ukuba kunokwenzeka uthando olutsha.
Ngamanye amagama, uRose uqhekekile phakathi kothando lwangaphambili, uthando lwangoku kunye nothando olunokwenzeka kwixesha elizayo.
AL: URose Black ulapha ukuhlala? Ngaba ubheja kwi-protagonist ehlala iinoveli zakho?
DZ NOAB: Ewe, uRose Black wazalwa ngenjongo yokuba yi-saga. Ngapha koko, sele sigqibile isigaba sesibini, esiza kupapashwa ngokuqinisekileyo emva kwehlobo. Inoveli nganye iyaziqukumbela, nangona kukho iziza ezithile ezihlala zivulekile kude kube sekupheleni kwesaga.
Enye into esasinomdla kakhulu yayilulwimi lwesinyithi. Yiyo loo nto senze ukuba uRose ayintombi yombhali wenoveli owaziwayo, uBenjamin Black, kwaye omnye wabahlobo bakhe ufuna ukuba ngumbhali wezothando. Isinike umdlalo ukuba sithethe malunga nehlabathi lababhali kwaye sizihlekise nathi.
AL: Inoveli yokuqala yomshicileli: Unezinto ezininzi. Ngaphambi koko, bobabini sele besaziwa kwicandelo loncwadi, ngokunyanzelwa kwiintlanganiso ezibaluleke kakhulu kuhlobo olufana neVeki eMnyama yaseGijon nabanye abaninzi. Ngaba ulufumana njani olu tshintsho ukusuka kushicilelo oluzenzekelayo ukuya kupapasho oluqhelekileyo?
DZ NOAB: Ilizwe ngalinye linezinto zalo ezilungileyo nezingalunganga. Xa uzipapasha ngokwakho, kufuneka ukhathalele yonke into: ukubhala, izilungiso, ubume, uyilo lwekhava, ukuthengisa ... Into elungileyo malunga nokuba nomshicileli ngasemva kukuba isusa uninzi lwale misebenzi kwaye, ngaphezulu kwako konke, ukuhanjiswa kwiivenkile ezithengisa iincwadi.
Eyona nto intle ngokuzipapasha ngokwakho, ubuncinci ngeAmazon, kukuba ungawazi amanani akho okuthengisa kwangoko kwaye uhlawule emva kweenyanga ezimbini, ngelixa umpapashi wesiko kufuneka ulinde unyaka opheleleyo.
AL: UDavid noAna bafunda njani abafundi? Ngaba ziyafana kwiincasa okanye zahlukile? Zithini iincwadi kwilayibrari yakho ozifunda rhoqo kwiminyaka embalwa? Nawuphi na umbhali onomdla kuye, ngomnye wabo athenga kubo iinoveli zabo nje ukuba zipapashwe?
NdinguRose Mnyama, ibali elidibanisa uhlobo lwenir kunye nenoveli yothando.
DZ NOAB: Ngokubanzi siyavumelana kukhetho (ndicinga ukuba kungenxa yokuba besikunye iminyaka emininzi) kwaye njengokuba sinomdla kwizihloko ezifanayo xa sibhala, siyavumelana xa sifunda. Ndicinga ukuba sobabini safunda ukubalisa amabali ngokufunda uAgatha Christie, uJules Verne okanye uStephen King, umzekelo. Ngoku sinababhali abathile, njengoDennis Lehane, othi kwamanye amabali akhe aphakamise iingxaki zokuziphatha ezinokukushukumisa ngaphakathi. Silithande kakhulu iyelenqe le Ungcolile kwaye ukhohlakele nguJuanjo Braulio; kwaye silandela u-Almudena Grandes ngesitayile sakhe ngononophelo okanye uJavier Cercas ngendlela yakhe ekrelekrele yokubonisa amabali.
AL: Ngaphandle komfanekiso wesiko wombhali ongenisiweyo, ovalelweyo kwaye ngaphandle kokubhengeza eluntwini, kukho isizukulwane esitsha sababhali abasebenzisa ii-tweets mihla le kwaye bafake iifoto kwi-Instagram, abo uthungelwano lwabo loluntu iwindow yabo yonxibelelwano kwihlabathi. Bunjani ubudlelwane bakho neenethiwekhi zentlalo?
DZ NOAB: Xa kupapashwa incwadi uyabhaptizwa kuthotho lodliwanondlebe, imiboniso, iitafile ezingqukuva, imithendeleko, njl. apho kuya kufuneka ukwazi ukonwabisa kwaye uphumelele uluntu. Ukuba abantu bakubona apho kwaye bacinga ukuba awukwazi ukuthetha, baya kucinga ukuba awukwazi ukubhala, nokuba ayinanto yakwenza nako.
Namhlanje umbhali kufuneka abe ngu umboniso, uthanda okanye ungathandi, kwaye imithombo yeendaba zentlalo yinxalenye yoko bonisa. UAna usebenza ngakumbi kwinethiwekhi, kodwa kuyacaca ukuba kule mihla bayinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokukhuthaza. A weposi a nefuthe Ngezigidi zabalandeli ungafaka incwadi kwi umphezulu Kuzo zonke iindawo zokuthengisa. Ndiyalikhumbula ityala lika Intombazana kuloliwe eyaba ngu umthengisi ogqibelele emva kukaStephen King ubhale kuTwitter ukuba khange akwazi ukuyibeka phantsi ubusuku bonke.
AL: Ukubhala ngobugebenga: Iqonga lababhali abatsha eliza kwaziwa okanye umonakalo ongenakulungiseka kwimveliso yoncwadi?
DZ NOAB: Ndichasene namaqonga anikezela ngeencwadi ezirhangqiweyo (okanye iimuvi okanye umculo) kunye nenzuzo emsebenzini wabanye ngentengiso okanye ezinye iindlela. Nangona kunjalo, andichasananga nabantu abangenakho ukuhlawulela incwadi ukuyikhuphela kwaye bayifunde. Nangona, enyanisweni, banokuyenza kwithala leencwadi. Sele kukho iilayibrari ezikuvumela ukukhuphela ifayile ye ebook isemthethweni ngokupheleleyo kwaye isimahla.
Kusiko kukho kwaye kufuneka uphile nayo. Kum inenxalenye elungileyo: ibandakanya ukulawulwa ngokwentando yesininzi. Kodwa ndikwakholelwa ekubeni umntu ngamnye kufuneka abe noxanduva lwezenzo zakhe kwaye oku kunokufezekiswa kuphela ngemfundo. Ukuba unako ukuhlawulela ukufunda incwadi, yihlawule, kuba ukuba akunjalo, ababhali ngekhe bakwazi ukuqhubeka nokubhala, nabapapashi bapapashe.
AL: Iphepha okanye ifomathi yedijithali? Ingaba uyavumelana?
DZ NOAB: Ewe siyavuma. Ngaphambi kokuba singene kwilizwe leAmazon, sasiyithanda kakhulu idigital. Kodwa kuba sithenge i-e-reader, besifunda kuphela kwi ebook. Nje ukuba uyiqhele, iba lula ngakumbi, nangona ikwanazo neengxaki zayo, njengokuba ungaliboni iqweqwe lencwadi ngalo lonke ixesha uyithatha okanye kunzima ukubuyela umva, ukuba kufuneka ujonge into.
AL: Oosomashishini, abazali, isibini esitshatileyo kunye nababhali abaziingcali, ithini ifomula yakho?
DZ NOAB: Lala kancinci, hahaha. Sivuka ngentsimbi yesi-6 kusasa ukwenza iyure yokubhala nokufunda ebusuku, emva kokulalisa abantwana. Olunye usuku silichithe sixakekile phakathi komsebenzi nokuba ngumzali.
AL: Ukugqiba, ndiyakucela ukuba unike abafundi okungakumbi: Zeziphi izinto ezenzekileyo ebomini bakho kwaye zeziphi izinto ofuna ukuzenza ukusukela ngoku? Amaphupha azalisekiswa kwaye azalisekiswa?
DZ NOAB: Abantwana bethu kunye neencwadi zethu zezona zinto siziphumezileyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Ukuphumelela ibhaso leAmazon yayiliphupha elizalisekayo. Ngokuqhubeka nokuphupha, singathanda, ngenye imini, ukuba sikwazi ukwenza imali ngoncwadi. Kwaye kwinqanaba lomntu, ukwenza abantwana bethu ukuba babe ngabantu abalungileyo, abantu benzuzo.
Siyabonga, UDavid Zaplana kunye noAna Ballabriga, sinqwenela ukuba uqhubeke nokuqokelela impumelelo kumceli mngeni ngamnye omtsha kwaye Ndimnyama ndimnyama ube ngowokuqala kuthotho olukhulu lweenoveli eziya kuthi zisonwabise abafundi bakho.