I-Trilogy yoBubi: Bungakanani ububi obufihlwa ngabantu abasingqongileyo?
Siyavuya ukuba namhlanje kwibhlog yethu kunye UMaria Jose Moreno (ECórdoba, 1958), umbhali, ugqirha wengqondo y Umbhali weTrilogy yoBubi, eya kuthi kungekudala idutyulwe ngohlobo lwenkqubo kamabonakude.
«Amandla okulungelelaniswa kwabantu makhulu. Kwiimeko ezigabadeleyo, sifunda ukuhlala kowesibini kuba umzuzu ngekamva elingaqinisekanga. Ukuhlala apha kwaye ngoku kunokwenzeka ... Ingqondo yethu inamandla okusikhohlisa ukuze siphile kwaye singazilahli ekuphelelweni lithemba »(La Fuerza de Eros. María José Moreno)
Actualidad Literatura: Psiquiatra, escritora multigénero, desde cuentos infantiles a la novela negra pasando por el drama y la tragicomedia. Tu afición por el arte de escribir te llega de forma tardía, en el 2008 y desde entonces te atreves con diferentes géneros. ¿Qué te llevo un día a decir «Voy a escribir una novela»? Y unos años después, a escribir novela negra de la mano de tu investigadora protagonista, Mercedes Lozano.
UMaria Jose Moreno:
Ndihlala ndikuthanda ukufunda kakhulu kwaye bendicinga kudala malunga nokuba ndizokwazi ukubhala inoveli. Umsebenzi oqhelekileyo kunye namanqaku enzululwazi athathe lonke ixesha lam. Ngo-2008, ndatshintsha indlela endisebenza ngayo emva koko ndabona ithuba lokuqala ngeprojekthi yamabali. Umbono ubusoloko uhleli entlokweni yam ixesha elide: "obo bubi busecaleni kwethu kwaye asazi ukuba sibuqonda njani." Le yinto endiyibonileyo nendiyibonayo yonke imihla kwiofisi yam yezifo zengqondo kwaye yayisisiseko endandiyila ngaso I-Trilogy of Evil.Le trilogy ijongana nemixholo emithathu ebalulekileyo kwaye ixhaphake kakhulu: ukuphathwa gadalala ngokwasemphefumlweni, ukuxhatshazwa kwabantwana ngokwesondo kunye nokuzala. Ngale ngcinga ndaqala inoveli yam yokuqala kunye neyokuqala ye-trilogy, La caress de Tánatos. Kuthathe ixesha elide ukuba ndibhale yonke le trilogy. Xa ndiyibhalayo, khange ndicinge ukuyinika uhlobo olumnyama. Yayingumshicileli owacebisa ukuyifaka kuthotho lwayo olumnyama ngenxa yemicimbi enzima ejongene nayo, endaweni yokuba belandela iimpawu zolo hlobo.
AL: Ukuqala kweenoveli zakho kulele, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kugxilwe ngokweemvakalelo, izizathu zangaphakathi zolwaphulo-mthetho, endaweni yokufumana kunye nenkqubo yamapolisa eqhelekileyo yolo hlobo. Kwingcali yakho njengogqirha wengqondo uya kwazi uloyiko oluninzi olufihliweyo, iimfihlo ezingenakuthethwa kunye neemvakalelo ezicinezelweyo. Ngaba yinkalo yakho njengogqirha wezifo zengqondo, umdla wakho kwinkqubo yeemvakalelo zabantu ekhuthaza umbhali kuwe?
MJM:
Inkalo yam njengogqirha wezifo zengqondo ihlala ikhona. Iinoveli zam zimalunga nabantu bokwenyani, abo bahamba ubomi yonke imihla, esidibana nabo esitratweni, esitratweni okanye ebhasini kwaye izinto zisehlela, njengaye wonke umntu. Abathanda, ababandezelekayo, abanomona, abafuna ukuziphindezela, abaneziphikiso ... Bangabantu benyama negazi esinokuthi sibachonge; nkqu "abantu ababi" bayinyani kangangokuba abafundi bakhawuleza babone omnye waba bantu babi kufutshane nabo. I-trilogy yam ayisekelwanga kuphando lwamapolisa, i-trilogy yam izama ukuyenza icace into yokuba kukho abantu abathanda ukonzakalisa abanye abantu ukuze bazive bonwabile, babe bona, bonwabe kwaye bazive benamandla ngaphezulu komnye. Kwaye ecaleni kwakhe, ixhoba linengxaki engathethekiyo kwaye uninzi lwamaxesha liziva lililolo kuba alikwazi ukunxibelelana nokwenzekayo kuye. Isivumelwano sokuthula yinto ekufuneka ichithwe. Kusengqiqweni ukuba kufuneka ubhenele kwinxalenye yeemvakalelo ukuze ukwazi ukwenza la mabali afikelela ngaphakathi kwaye ukuba kunokwenzeka, ukongeza, asebenza ukulumkisa umfundi.
AL: Umphandi wakho, uMercedes Lozano, ngugqirha wezengqondo. Umphandi wokuqala wohlobo olumnyama lwaseSpain ngalo msebenzi. Ungugqirha wezifo zengqondo: ungakanani amava akho nguMercedes Lozano kwaye, ngaphezulu kwako konke, indlela uMercedes Lozano amchaphazele ngayo uMaría José Moreno?
MJM:
Kwinqanaba lomntu, uMercedes akananto yam, kwinqanaba lobuchule ndimnike amava am ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-35 esebenza nabantu abaneengqondo zabo ngandlela thile ezingalinganiyo nabasokolayo ngenxa yako. Ukongeza, abalinganiswa bonke bakhutshiwe kuninzi lwabantu abathe ekuhambeni kwexesha badlula ekusebenzeni kwam kwaye ndadibana kubunzulu.
AL: Zilunga njani iinoveli zakho kuluntu lwanamhlanje? Xa ubhala, ufuna ukuba abafundi bakhumbule ntoni ngawe? Zithini izihloko onomdla kuzo ngaphaya kwembali ezigubungelayo?
I-Pedophilia ibonakaliswe kabuhlungu kwiThe Force of Eros.
MJM:
Ekuqaleni kokuqala ukubhala, ndandineentloni zokufundisa endikubhalileyo, yiyo loo nto ndiqale ibhlog apho ndibhale khona amabali amafutshane kakhulu kwaye ndafaka isicelo sokuwongwa ngebali elifutshane. Xa ndafumana ukufikelela kwaye abalandeli bebhlog baphindaphindeka kuxa ndaye ndaqonda ukuba endikubhalileyo ndikuthandile kwaye oko kwandisungula ukuba ndipapashe inoveli yam yokuqala yasimahla, uBomi kunye nemimangaliso ye-ex, inoveli ehlekisayo. Yayimpumelelo kangangokuba ndayilayisha kwangoko kwiAmazon kwaye, kamva, uBajo los Tilos, inoveli emfutshane esondeleyo eyaba yi "bestseller" yedijithali; emva koko kwafika i -Evil Trilogy. Kuzo zonke iinoveli kukho into efanayo kwaye kubalulekile ukuba ndibanike abalinganiswa kunye neempawu zabo zengqondo. Ezi zichaphazela kakhulu, zichaza ukuba kutheni sisenza oko sikwenzayo. Kule trilogy yobubi yahlukile kwinoveli yolwaphulo-mthetho emsulwa apho kufunwa kuphela umbulali. Ndinomdla wokuziphindaphinda ekubeni kutheni umntu ombi enje, zeziphi iimeko eziphembelele i-biografi yakhe ukwenza njalo. Kananjalo, zonke iinoveli zam zinenkqubela phambili yokufunda, endingakwaziyo ukuyilahla, mhlawumbi ngenxa yolunye uphawu lwam lobungcali, olo lutitshala.
AL: Kutshanje uMacarena Gómez, ongumdlali weqonga owaziwa kakhulu ngendima yakhe njengoLola kumdlalo bhanyabhanya Lowo usondeleyo, ufumene amalungelo kwi-Trilogy of Evil yokuyizisa kumabonakude. Iqhubeka njani le projekthi? Ngaba kungekudala siza kukwazi ukonwabela iMercedes Lozano kwifomathi kamabonwakude?
MJM:
UMacarena Gómez unokhetho lokuthenga amalungelo e-trilogy yotshintsho lube ngumsebenzi wee-audiovisual, akhe iskripthi, afumane umvelisi kwaye ke azame ukwenza uthotho lweTV. Kwimeko apho konke oku kunokwenzeka, uya kuzuza amalungelo kuwo wonke umsebenzi. Kweli hlabathi lomxholo wee-audiovisual, yonke into inzima kakhulu kwaye ndiyathemba ukuba iprojekthi iyakwenziwa. Nangona ndiyinto enqabileyo. Kwelinye icala, ndingathanda ukuyibona kwiscreen, kodwa kwelinye, ndiyaqonda ukuba ubunzima bokukhutshelwa ngokupheleleyo kweenoveli zininzi kangangokuba ndisoyika ukuba izokuchazwa gwenxa, njengoko kuye kwenzeka amaxesha kunye neminye imisebenzi yoncwadi ethathwe kwifilimu nakumabonwakude.
AL: I-Trilogy yoBubi igqityiwe, lixesha lokuba uthathe umhlala phantsi uMercedes Lozano? Okanye ngaba siza kuphinda sive kuye?
MJM:
Kugqityiwe. Kwi-epilogue yenoveli yamva nje, iThe Force of Eros, uMercedes uqalise ubomi obutsha, ithiyori isuswe kude kuzo zonke ezi zinto zingasentla. Kodwa ... andikukhupheli ngaphandle, njengoko ixesha lihamba, ukubuyela ukuze ndiphinde ndibuye ndibuyele kumlinganiswa onomdla kum. UMercedes wenza utshintsho olukhulu kuzo zombini iinoveli. Ukuhamba kweminyaka kunye neziganeko ezikhokelela kuye kwiimeko ezigabadeleyo, kumenza aqole ngendlela engakholelekiyo. Kunjengokungathi mna, umdali wayo, ndandimbeke esofeni kwaye kuzo zonke iinoveli ezintathu ndandimnike unyango lwengqondo.
AL: Ulwa njani nesizungu sombhali? Umntu oza kubonisa umsebenzi wakho ngaphambi kokuba ubazise ukukhanya?
MJM:
Andindedwa, ndinabantu abakufutshane nam abandikhaphayo xa ndiqala ukubhala. Sisikhokelo sam, abafundi bam zero. Ngabo baxabisayo ukuba ndikwindlela elungileyo okanye hayi kwaye abo babeke iinyawo zam emhlabeni. Ngokuphathelene noko, ndizibona ndinethamsanqa kakhulu. Ngamnye ungena kumzuzu othile wemveliso, abanye bahamba nam ngesahluko ngasinye ngesahluko nabanye xa inoveli icaciswe gca.
AL: Andizukucela ukuba ukhethe phakathi kweenoveli zakho, kodwa ndiza kukucela ukuba uvulele umphefumlo womfundi wakho kuthi.Zithini iintlobo zakho? Kwaye ngaphakathi kubo, nawuphi na umbhali onomdla kuye, uhlobo oluthengayo kuphela okupapashiweyo? Ngaba ikhona incwadi ofuna ukuyifunda kwakhona amaxesha ngamaxesha?
MJM:
Ndifunde naluphi na uhlobo ngaphandle kocwangco kunye noloyiko. Ndizithanda kakhulu iinoveli zobugebenga nolwaphulo-mthetho, iinoveli ezisenyongweni, ezihlekisayo, iinoveli ezintle zothando… Kuxhomekeka kwimeko yam yengqondo, ndikhetha ukufunda, kudala. Ndiyacinga ukuba ngamanye amaxesha sinyanzelisa ukuba sifunde iinoveli ezingafikanga ngexesha lazo. Baninzi ababhali endibathandayo nabathenga kubo iinoveli zabo, akukho mntu unokukuxelela. Iinoveli ndizifundile: iNkosana yeeTide, ndiyayithanda, nguPat Conroy; URebecca de Daphne du Morier, amaBhunga kunye neMiphefumlo ye UMaxence Van der Meersch okanye iiWuthering Heights ezibhalwe nguEmily Brönte.
AL: Uqale umsebenzi wakho wokubhala kwilizwe ledijithali, eAmazon, ngaphambi kokutsiba ephepheni. Ngaba ubugebenga boncwadi buyakukhathaza? Ngaba uqaphele impembelelo encinci xa uqala ukupapasha ephepheni?
MJM:
Undilimaze kakhulu kwaye iyaqhubeka nokwenza njalo. Ukuba ungayifumana simahla incwadi, kutheni uyithenga ephepheni, okanye ungahlawuli nexabiso elihlekisayo ledigital. Ukukhwabanisa kubenzakalisa bonke ababhali, nokuba upapasha kwiphepha nakwidijithali okanye upapasha kuphela ngokwamanani. Kukho abahleli abazigqubuthelayo ngokungashicileli kwidijithali, kodwa kuyinyani ukuba sele bebaninzi abafunda kuphela abafundi be-ebook, kunye noko baphulukana nabaphulaphuli abathile. Nangona iipirate zisithi ziyayenza kuba iincwadi ze-ebook zibiza kakhulu, ayiyonyani leyo. Bandiphanga, bathetha nge-nauseam, inoveli yam ethi Bajo los tilos, ebiza ixabiso le- $ 0,98 kwiAmazon. Into eyenzekayo kukuba abawuxabisi umsebenzi, umzamo, iiyure ozithathayo ukubhala inoveli kwaye yinto ekufuneka ifundisiwe ebantwaneni besebancinci. Kuphela yimfundo kunye nentlonipho apho inkohliso inokuba yalwa ngenye imini.
AL: Ngaphandle komfanekiso wesiko wombhali ongenisiweyo, ovalelweyo kwaye ngaphandle kokubhengeza eluntwini, kukho isizukulwane esitsha sababhali abasebenzisa ii-tweets mihla le kwaye bafake iifoto kwi-Instagram, abo uthungelwano lwabo loluntu iwindow yabo yonxibelelwano kwihlabathi. Bunjani ubudlelwane bakho neenethiwekhi zentlalo?
MJM:
Ukusukela oko ndaqala ukubhala ndinxibelelana ngqo nabafundi bam, ngakumbi ngebhlog yam, i-Facebook kunye ne-Twitter. Ndingathi ndifikelele apho ndikhoyo ngenxa yeenethiwekhi. Kodwa sonke esihamba ngabo siyayazi indlela abadinwe ngayo. Ngapha koko, akukho lula ukuqhubela phambili yonke into uye phambili. Umsebenzi, ukubhala, usapho kunye neenethiwekhi zentlalo ngamanye amaxesha azingqinelani. Into endiyenzayo kukuba amaxesha ngamaxesha ndiyarhoxa okwethutyana, ndiyaziqamba, kwaye ndibuya namandla angaphezulu.
AL: Iphepha okanye ifomathi yedijithali?
MJM:
Ndingumxhasi wefomathi yedijithali okoko yaphuma, ubukhulu becala ukuze kube lula. Kudala ndifunda idijithali kuphela, kodwa unyaka ndifunda iphepha kwakhona. Ngoku ndiyazitshintsha, nangona kufuneka ndivume ukuba ukutyhilwa kwakhona kwamaphepha encwadi yephepha kuyandibamba.
AL: Ngaphandle kweminyaka yakho, sele ungutatomkhulu.Ngawaphi amaxesha okhethekileyo obuchwephesha, awaphilayo kodwa awasayi kuphila, onqwenela ukubaxelela abazukulwana bakho?
MJM:
Ewe, andikathatheli ngqalelo kumadabi amancinci endiza kuwuxelela umzukulwana wam u-Alberto ngobomi bam bobuchwephesha. Okwangoku, ndiyayonwabela imihla ngemihla ekukhuleni kwakhe kwaye ndibethelela kuye uthando lokufunda, njengoko umama wenzayo kum nam ndenza kunye nomama wakhe.
AL: Amaxesha otshintsho kubafazi, ekugqibeleni ubufazi ngumba wesininzi hayi nje kumaqela amancinci amabhinqa abekelwe amabala ngenxa yoko. Uthini umyalezo wakho eluntwini malunga nendima yamakhosikazi kunye nendima esiyidlalayo ngeli xesha?
MJM:
Ngenxa yobudala bam, ndigqithile kumanqanaba ohlukeneyo apho abasetyhini kuye kwafuneka bajongane nemiceli mngeni eyahlukileyo. Xa ndandikwishumi elivisayo. babembalwa kakhulu kuthi abafuna ukufunda isidanga, uninzi lwethu sasihlala emakhaya bakugqiba ukufunda amabanga aphantsi. Kwakunzima ukwenza nantoni na sisodwa kwaye sasihlala sikhuselwa kakhulu. Konke okutshintshileyo, ngoku kumagumbi okufundela eYunivesithi, kwiiDigri ezininzi, baninzi abantu basetyhini kunamadoda. Yiyo eyenzekayo, umzekelo, kwiMedicine. Abasetyhini banokwenza kwaye bafikelele kuzo zonke iindawo kuba bayilungiselele. Ekuphela kwento endikhathazayo yeyokuba, okwexeshana ngoku, xa ndithetha nabakwishumi elivisayo, abaziva benesizathu sokuba babe ngabo, ukufezekisa indima abayilungiseleleyo kwaye ndisiva amabinzana anje «Andikhethi Ukufundisisa, eyona nto intle kukufumana umyeni olungileyo ondixhasa "kwaye lonto yenza ukuba iinwele zam zime ngasemva emva koko bekufuneka silwa nayo yonke le minyaka.
AL: Ukuvala, njengesiqhelo, ndiza kukubuza owona mbuzo ubalulekileyo umbhali anokuwubuza: Kutheni ubhala?
MJM:
Ndibhalela ukonwaba kwam. Ndinexesha elimnandi lokuzoba abalinganiswa, ukuyila iiplani, ukwenza amabali kunye nokubeka amagama kwizixhobo zam. Ukongeza, ndiyathanda ukwabelana ngayo nabafundi, ukuba nabo banexesha elihle okanye elibi lokuba kukho yonke into.
Enkosi María José Moreno, ndinqwenela ukuba niqhubeke nibe nempumelelo emininzi kwaye niqhubeke nokusinika iinoveli ezininzi ezintle.