Iifoto. (c) Ubuchule bonxibelelwano
UAna Alcolea ngumbhali ovela eZaragoza onekhondo elide ekufundiseni Ulwimi noncwadi Njengokupapashwa kwemisebenzi yokufundisa, literatura umntwana nolutsha (uphumelele ICervantes Chico Award ngo-2016) kwaye ekugqibeleni, novelas njengaye Ngaphantsi kwengonyama kaMarko oNgcwele o Isonka sikaMargarita, Ebonisa ngoku. Ndiyabulela kakhulu ngexesha lakho, ububele kunye nokuzinikela kwakho kule nto udliwano ndlebe.
UAna Alcolea. Udliwanondlebe
- ACTUALIDAD LITERATURA: Ngaba uyayikhumbula incwadi yokuqala owayifundayo? Kwaye ibali lokuqala olibhalileyo?
ANA UTYWALA: Mhlawumbi incwadi yokuqala endiyifundileyo IiMusketeers ezintathu, nguAlexander Dumas, kuhlelo olunemifanekiso lwabantwana. Ubuncinci yeyokuqala endikukhumbulayo. Incwadi yokuqala endiyibhalileyo ibiyi Indawo yokutshixa elahlekileyo, inoveli ebekwe kwi Afrika, apho inkwenkwe ikhangela i-medallion awayeyinxibile utata wakhe xa wasweleka kwingozi yenqwelomoya ehlathini.
- AL: Yeyiphi incwadi yokuqala eyakubetha kwaye ngoba?
AA: Iincwadi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo, UJane Eyre, nguCharlote Brönte, ngenxa yebali lakhe lothando elingaqhelekanga, kunye neendawo zakhe zomhlaba ezihluke kakhulu kwezo bendihlala kuzo. Y Buza uAlicia, eyapapashwa njengedayari yokwenyani yentombazana ekwishumi elivisayo ehlala kwilizwe leziyobisi. Ndachukumiseka kakhulu.
- AL: Ngubani umbhali wakho omthandayo? Unokukhetha ngaphezu kweyodwa nakwezinye iindawo.
AA: Lo ngumbuzo onzima kakhulu ukuwuphendula. Zininzi kwaye zinomdla kakhulu: ukusuka Homer, Sophocles, ingawenzi y Shakespeare a UTolstoy, uHerink ibsen, Sigrid Ayibekwanga, UDostoevsky, kunye noTomas indoda, uStefan Zweig. Ukususela ngeli xesha ndihlala ngalo UJuan Marsé, uManuel Vilas, uMauricio Wiesenthal no-Irene Vallejo.
- AL: Nguwuphi umlinganiswa osencwadini onqwenela ukudibana naye kunye nokwenza?
I-AA: A. UDon Quijote waseLa Mancha, esiyila yonke imihla, kwaye ukuba akunjalo, siyonakala. Ngumlinganiswa ufuna ukwenza ebomini bakhe umsebenzi wobugcisa, into entle kuye nakwabanye. Ufuna ukuba ngumnumzana kwinoveli kwaye yonke imihla uyila enye okanye iziqendu ezithandekayo ukuze imeko yakhe iphile. Phila phakathi kweentsomi nenyani, njengoko sonke sisenza. ICervantes yayisazi indlela yokuyibona kwaye ibonakalise ngcono kunaye nabani na.
- AL: Ngaba kukho naziphi na izinto ozithandayo xa kufikwa ekubhaleni nasekufundeni?
AA: Phambi kokuba bendiqhele ukumamela kwi-opera ukubhala. Kodwa ngoku ndiyabhala cwaka ngokubanzi, ngakumbi ngeli xesha, apho ndihlala kwindawo ethe cwaka. Ndijolisa ngokulula naphi na. Ndiyathanda ukuqala ukubhala iinoveli zam kwi incwadi yokubhalela, ngesandla. Emva koko ndiyaqhubeka nekhompyuter, kodwa ndiyawonwabela loo mzuzu wokuhambisa ipeni, emnyama, ngaphaya kwephepha kwaye ndibone indlela amagama avelayo ngayo aya kuba ngamabali.
Kwaye ufunde, Ndifunde ephepheni kuphela. Andinayo inkxaso yombane yokufunda iincwadi. Ndiyathanda ukugqobhoza ngaphandle ndichukumise iphepha. Ke ndiyazi ukuba imbali ihlala isendaweni yayo. Kwiskrini kubonakala ngathi njengoko iphepha lijika, amagama kunye neentsingiselo zabo ziya kuphela.
- AL: Kwaye indawo oyikhethileyo kunye nexesha lokwenza oko?
AA: Ngeentsasa emva kwesidlo sakusasa kunye nekomityi yeti isabila. Ukuba ndisekhaya, ndibhala kwi iofisi, ngefestile ngasekhohlo kwam. Ngaphandle kwekhaya, ndihlala ndibhalela izithuthi nakwi iindiza xa ndihamba.
- AL: Sifumana ntoni kwinoveli yakho yamva nje, Isonka sikaMargarita?
I-AA: Isonka sikaMargarita Yiyo uhambo lwanamhlanje noludlulileyo yomntu ophambili, obuyela kwikhaya lakhe ukuze ayokukhupha emva kokusweleka kukayise. Izinto, amaphepha, iincwadi zimsa kwixesha apho wayeyinxalenye yelo khaya, ngexesha loTshintsho lweminyaka. Ayisiyo inoveli ingonelisekanga lixesha, okanye ubudlelwane bosapho, nditsho nomlinganiswa ophambili, okwangumbalisi. Akukho magorha kwithosi kaMargarita. Abantu kuphela. Akukho ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kunabantu nje.
- AL: Ezinye iintlobo ozithandayo ngaphandle kwenoveli yembali?
AA: Ndihlala ndifunda Inoveli isondele ngakumbi kunembali. Ndinomdla kubalinganiswa nakwingxoxo yabo nexesha labo, eliyinxalenye yeemeko zabo ezibalulekileyo. Ndifundile Imibongo, kuba phantse ndihlala ndizifumana ndikulo.
- AL: Ufunda ntoni ngoku? Ukubhala?
AA: Ndifunda a I-biografi yombhali waseNorway uSigrid Undset, owaphumelela ibhaso likaNobel loNcwadi ngo-1928. Ndibhala incwadi enesihloko Ubomi bam ekhayeni kuba bendihleli iinyanga ezisixhenxe amashumi amahlanu eepesenti zexesha kwikhabhathi eyodwa ezintabeni, e ENorway, Kwaye ndifuna ukuveza ubudlelwane bam nendalo: amazwi omlambo, ukusebeza kwamagqabi emithi, ukutshintsha kwamaxesha onyaka ... Ndicinga ukuba kufuneka siphile ngakumbi ekunxibelelaneni nakwincoko nendalo, kwaye ukubhala le ncwadi kundifundisa ukujonga nokumamela ngakumbi kwaye kungcono.
- AL: Ucinga ukuba imeko yokupapasha yenzelwe ababhali abaninzi ukuba bakho okanye ufuna ukupapasha?
AA: Lo ngumbuzo onzima ukuwuphendula. Ndiziva ndililungelo kuba ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ndipapashe phantse yonke into endiyibhalileyo. Ndiyabona ukuba baninzi ababhali abafuna ukupapasha ngokukhawuleza, ngokukhawuleza, kwaye lo ngumsebenzi ekufuneka unyamezele kakhulu kuwo. Kuya kufuneka ubhale kakhulu. Kwaye ngaphezu kwako konke kufuneka ufunde okuninzi.
Ndiqale ukubhala xa ndandineminyaka engaphaya kwamashumi amathathu anesihlanu ubudala, kwaye umpapashi wokuqala endimthumele eyokuqala ukuba angayifuni. Okwesibini ewe, kwaye inamahlelo angaphezu kwama-30. Ndineveli eyahamba ngabavakalisi ababini abangazange bayipapashe, owesithathu wayipapasha, kwaye ndonwabile ngayo. Kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba ulinde njani. Ukuba incwadi ilungile, phantse ihlala iphelela ekufumaneni indawo yayo. Ngokwesiqhelo.
- AL: Ngaba umzuzu wobunzima esijamelana nawo unzima kuwe okanye uya kuba nakho ukugcina into elungileyo kwiinoveli ezizayo?
AA: Ixesha leli kunzima kuye wonke umntu, kunjalo. Ndibe nobuchule ngeli xesha kwaye ndibhale izinto ezininzi, apho isihloko salo bhubhane siye saziswa ngaphandle kokuba ndibenomyolelo ophambili. Xa ndiqala inoveli andazi ukuba kuzakwenzeka ntoni, inoveli iyenziwa kwaye ngamanye amaxesha imicimbi obukade ungenayo ekuqaleni iyadlula.
Ndiyakholelwa ukuba iinoveli zifana nobomi: siyazi ukuba izakuphela, kodwa asazi ukuba kanjani okanye nini. Amagama kunye nabalinganiswa bayandothusa njengoko ndibhala. Ndicinga ukuba kubaluleke kakhulu kwiinoveli zam. UMargarita undothuse kakhulu ngelixa ebhala ibali lakhe kwi Isonka sikaMargarita. Ndifunde lukhulu ngaye nangam.