Isishwankathelo esifutshane se "Imbali yezinyuko" ngu-Antonio Buero Vallejo

Kumsebenzi we U-Antonio Buero Vallejo obambe umfanekiso, «Imbali yezinyuko»Izizukulwana ezithathu ezihlala kwisakhiwo esinye zihlelwe ukuba zibonise ukungonwabi kwezentlalo nakubukho baseSpain kwisiqingatha sokuqala senkulungwane yama-XNUMX. Izinyuko, indawo evaliweyo kunye nokomfuziselo, kunye nexesha elingenakuxakeka lithanda ukwakheka kokuphindaphindeka nokuphindaphinda okubonisa ukusilela kwabalinganiswa.

Umthetho wokuqala

Isenzo sokuqala senzeka ngosuku ngo-1919. UCarmina noFernando, abantu abancinci ababini abahlala kwisakhiwo esincinci, badibana kwindawo yokumisa okanye "kwi-casinillo" kwizitepsi.

Umthetho wesibini

Isenzo sesibini senzeka kwiminyaka elishumi kamva. U-Urbano ucela uCarmina ukuba amamkele njengendoda yakhe. U-Elvira noFernando batshatile.

Umthetho wesithathu

Lo mthetho wesithathu wenzeka ngo-1949, unyaka ekwakhululwa ngawo umdlalo. UFernando, unyana ka-Elvira noFernando, kunye noCarmina, intombi ka-Urbano noCarmina, bayathandana, kodwa abazali babo baluvumile olu lwalamano ngenxa yobukrakra kunye nokudana okubangelwa kukusilela kwabo.

Isishwankathelo se «Ibali leleli»

«Imbali yezinyuko» ngumdlalo (ngo-1947 nango-1948) ngu-Antonio Buero Vallejo, awathi wawufumana umvuzo weLope de Vega. Yayiqala ukubonwa kwindawo yemidlalo yeqonga eSpain eMadrid nge-14 kaOkthobha ngo-1949. nqanaba.

Umxholo ophambili weBali leleli

Ibali leleli lisibalisela ibali labantu abaliqela abahlwempuzekileyo nakwizizukulwana zabo, baqhubeke nokugcina loo meko, nangona befuna ukuphuma. Nangona kunjalo, abayifumani indlela yokuphuma kwimeko yabo kwaye kubangela ingqumbo, umona, ukuxoka, ingqumbo ... phakathi kwabo bonke abamelwane kwizinyuko. Ingakumbi ukuba kukho enye yazo eveleleyo.

Ngaloo ndlela, UAntonio Bueno Vallejo isibonisa indlela onxunguphala ngayo, ukufuna ukwahluka kwabanye, kwaye usokola kumabakala asezantsi ngaphandle kokufumana umvuzo kujongela phantsi umntu, Ukumenza abe krakra nokwenza zonke izinto ezimbi emntwini zichume.

Amanye amabali ayabonakala ukuba inokuba yimbonakalo yokwenyani yoluntu, enje ngoFernando, owathi xa ekwishumi elivisayo waphupha ukuba uyakuba ngumzobi omkhulu notyebileyo; Ukanti, njengokuba iminyaka ihamba, kuyabonakala ukuba uyaqhubeka nokuhlala kuloo ndlu kwaye usahlupheka.

Ngandlela thile, umbhali ubonakalisa ukuba imfundo kunye nendlela yokubaphatha abantwana iyabachaphazela ukuba baphindaphinde ipateni efanayo ebathintelayo ukuba baphume kobuhlwempu.

Abalinganiswa kwiBali leleli

Njengoko kunokubonwa koku kungasentla, i-Historia de una escala ayijolisisi kuphela kwixesha elinye, kodwa Ububanzi bezizukulwana ezintathu zeentsapho ezintathu ezahlukeneyo kwaye ziguquka njani ngokwahlukileyo. Ke, baninzi abalinganiswa, kodwa nganye iyahambelana nesizukulwana. Kule meko, sithetha malunga:

Isigaba sokuqala seBali leleli

Kuyo abalinganiswa zezi:

• UDon Manuel: Ungumntu osisityebi ohlala kuloo ndawo kodwa, ngokungafaniyo nabanye, ufuna ukunceda abamelwane bakhe ngemali anayo. "Iliso lakhe lasekunene" yintombi yakhe u-Elvira, ingxaki kukuba le yintombazana engenazigqibo, ethe, xa ibiphila ebubutyebi, ingakuqondi okubaluleke ngokwenene.
• IDoña Bondadosa (Asunción): Ungumama kaFernando, ibhinqa elenza konke elinako ukuze unyana walo abe nobomi obonwabisayo. Abaninzi bacinga ukuba usisityebi, kodwa enyanisweni ungoyena ulihlwempu kuloo ndawo.
• IBale: Ungumama wabantwana abathathu, uTrinini, Urbano noRosa. Umyeni wakhe nguMnu. Juan kwaye ungumfazi onegunya othanda ukugcina abantwana bakhe belawulwa.
• UGregory: Wayenguyise kaCarmina noPepe, kodwa uyadlula kwaye enze usapho lube kwimeko elusizi.
• Unesisa: Ungumfazi kaGregorio, umhlolokazi kwaye ulusizi kukusweleka komyeni wakhe. Ngaphandle kokuba nabantwana ababini, oyintombazana ayithandayo.

Isizukulwana sesibini

Kwisizukulwana sesibini, kudlule iminyaka eliqela kwaye abantwana ababonwayo kwesokuqala bakhulile. Ngoku bangabantu abadala abancinci abaqala ukuhamba ngobomi bodwa. Yiyo loo nto:

• UFernando: Ndithandana noCarmina. Nangona kunjalo, ukufuna ukuba ngomnye umntu, kwaye endaweni yokuthatha isigqibo ngentliziyo yakhe, uyenzela imali, ke utshata no-Elvira. Oko kuyenza, emva kwethutyana, aqhayise, ayonqene ... kwaye alahlekelwe ngumqondo wokuphila. Unabantwana ababini, uFernando noManolín.
• UCarmina: UCarmina uqala njengentombazana eneentloni engafuni mntu amthembayo. Uyathandana noFernando, kodwa ekugqibeleni ugqibela ngokutshata no-Urbano. Unentombi egama layo emva kwakhe.
• Elvira: U-Elvira wakhula phakathi kwe-whims kunye nemali, ngenxa yoko akazange akhe aswele nto. Nangona kunjalo, unomona ngento kaCarmina.
• Urbano: Kukholelwa ukuba ulungile kuyo yonke into kwaye unokuba ngaphezulu kwezinye ngenxa yokuba eyazi ngakumbi. Ukrwada, kodwa usebenza nzima, uyinyani kwaye nanini na enako uzama ukunceda.
• I-Pepe: Ubhuti kaCarmina. Uyindoda ethi, njengoko ubomi buhamba, aye abe nomsindo ngakumbi kwaye atyiwe ngabo. Okokugqibela, nangona etshatile noRosa, ungumntu othanda abafazi kwaye ulikhoboka lotywala.
• Rosa: Ungudade ka-Urbano. Utshata noPepe kwaye umtshato wakhe umkhokelela kubomi obubuhlungu, abathi bafe ngabo ebomini.
• Trini: Uhlala engatshatanga nangona emhle kwaye emhle kwabanye.

Ibali lesithathu lesigaba seleli

Okokugqibela, isizukulwana sesithathu sisibonisa ngoonobumba abathathu, abasele benalo elokuqala:

• UFernando: Unyana ka-Elvira noFernando, ofana kakhulu noyise ngokomtsalane, ukungacacanga, igigolo, njl. Uyakuthanda ukwenza izicwangciso ngekamva kwaye ukutyumza kwakhe yintombi kaCarmina, uCarmina.
• UManolin: UngumntakwaboFernando kwaye uhlala eyintanda yosapho, ke ngalo lonke ixesha efumana ithuba uyadibana noFernando.
• UCarmina: Uyintombi kaCarmina no-Urbano, ngendlela yokufana kakhulu nonina ebutsheni bakhe. Uyathandana noFernando, kodwa usapho lwakhe alufuni ukuba ahlobene naye.

Ubume bebali

Ibali lezinyuko linesakhiwo esifana nalo ngokwalo kwinoveli, apho une intshayelelo, iqhina, okanye ungquzulwano; nenxalenye yesiphumo ethi, ngandlela thile, ibonakale inesiphelo esiza kuphinda ulandelelwano olunye oluphindaphindiweyo kubalinganiswa.

Ngokukodwa, kweli bali uza kufumana oku kulandelayo:

Intshayelelo

Ngokuqinisekileyo isizukulwana sokuqala embalini, ukusukela oko kuchaziwe ngemvelaphi yabalinganiswa, abo bantwana bavelayo kwaye bazakuba ngabalinganiswa abaphambili emva kwexesha.

Ndihamba

Iqhina, okanye ungquzulwano, yinxalenye apho kunikwa ingqwalaselo enkulu kwiinoveli kuba kulapho kufumaneka khona yonke intsingiselo yenoveli. Kwaye, kule meko, iqhina ngokwalo sisizukulwana sesibini sonke apho ubona ukuba baphila njaniUnxunguphalo, iinzondo, ubuxoki, njl.

Iziphumo

Okokugqibela, isiphelo, esivulekileyo ngokwenyani kwaye silandela iphethini efanayo ukuze yonke into iphindaphindwe, Sisizukulwana sesithathu, apho kubonwa ukuba abantwana bazakwenza iimpazamo ezifanayo nezabazali. Kwaye nabo bayabakhuthaza kwinto abayenzayo.

Intsingiselo yeladi

Enye yezinto eziphambili zeMbali kwizinyuko zizinyuko ngokwazo. Imalunga ne- into engafakwanga, oko kuhlala kungokuhamba kweminyaka, kwaye isizukulwana, emva kwesizukulwana sihlala siyikhonkco lomanyano lwabo bonke abamelwane baloo ndawo.

Nangona kunjalo, ikwabonisa ukuhamba kwexesha, kuba ekuqaleni, isiteji esikhanyayo siyabonakala, kunye nokuhamba kwexesha, kwaye ngaphezulu kwako konke okuqhubeka kulwandle lwentlupheko kwaye kungabinakho ukubonakala, Ukugqitywa, iyaguga ngakumbi, iyehla ngakumbi.

Ngale ndlela, ileli ngokwayo iba ngumntu omnye ekhoyo kuzo zonke izizukulwana kunye nokucamngca, isimumu, ubomi babanye abalinganiswa.

Iingcaphuno zika-Antonio Buero Vallejo

• Ukuba uthando lwakho alusweleki, ndiza kwenza izinto ezininzi.
• Kumnandi kakhulu ukubona ukuba usakhunjulwa.
• Sukungxama ... Kuninzi kakhulu okuthethileyo ... Ukuthula kuyimfuneko.
• Ndiyakuthanda ukuba lusizi kwakho nokukhathazeka kwakho; Ukubandezeleka kunye nawe kwaye ungakhokeleli kwindawo yobuxoki yolonwabo.
• Baye bazivumela ukuba boyiswe bubomi. Iminyaka engamashumi amathathu idlulile yenyuka le leri ... iba ncinane ngakumbi kwaye iba krwada mihla le. Kodwa asizukuzivumela boyiswe yile ndawo. Hayi! Kuba sizakushiya apha. Sizakuxhasana. Uya kundinceda ndinyuke, ndishiye le ndlu ilusizi ngonaphakade, le milo ingapheliyo, ezi ngxaki. Uya kundinceda, akunjalo? Ndicela undixelele, nceda. Ndixelele! (Isivakalisi esivela kwincwadi «Imbali yezinyuko»).