USandra Aza: «Ubugcisa beprozi bulele ekupeyinteni ngonobumba»

USandra Aza, Igqwetha kangangeminyaka yenkampani egqwesileyo yamagqwetha, wayishiya yonke loo mini ukuba abhale kunye kunye Igazi elihlambalazayo, Inoveli yembali enomkhondo omnyama, ityikitye impumelelo ngempumelelo. Kule udliwanondlebe olubanzi, Njengokuba phantse enye inoveli isixelela izinto ezininzi malunga nababhali abathandayo kunye neencwadi, iimpembelelo kunye neeprojekthi, kunye nombono wakhe wokupapasha kunye nentlalo. Ndilixabisa kakhulu ixesha nobubele uzinikele.

USANDRA AZA -UDLIWANO-NDLEBE

• ACTUALIDAD LITERATURA: Ngaba uyayikhumbula incwadi yokuqala owayifundayo? Kwaye ibali lokuqala olibhalileyo?

SANDRA AZA: Andikhumbuli incwadi yokuqala endiyifundileyo kwaye kutheni ndingazi. Mhlawumbi ayifumananga zingcambu ngaphakathi kum okanye mhlawumbi umbuzo awuhlali ezingcanjini, kodwa esiqwini, kuba ndiyoyika ukuba uninzi lwekwindla sele lumthubi lo mthi kunye nokulibala kuqala ukufuna incindi yeenkumbulo zam.

Ndiyakhumbula, nangona kunjalo, ndinikezele emsebenzini we Enid Blyton: abahlanu, Malory Towers, Santa Clara, U-Elizabeth onobuhlwempu o Iimfihlo ezisixhenxe. Ndiyithandile Puck, de U-Lisbeth Werner, kunye nencwadi enesiqingatha yencwadi enesiqingatha ebhalwe nguBruguera: Ukukhethwa kwamabali okuqokelela. Yazigqiba zonke kwaye ayizange ihluthe. KwiReyes okanye ngeentsuku zokuzalwa bendicela nje iincwadi kwaye rhoqo ngentsasa yangoMgqibelo bendikhangela umntu oza kundithatha ndiye eCalle Claudio de Moyano, owaziwa ngcono eMadrid njengeCuesta de Moyano kwaye edume ngezitandi zayo zeencwadi ezithengiswayo.

Umsebenzi odinisayo wangoMgqibelo wokujikeleza esitalini ngelixa ndigqogqa iidrowa ndizama ukukhetha incwadi enye endizimisele ukuyithengela umdala wam. utata wam kwaye, okwexeshana, kwi umzala wam othandekayo uManolo, owayeyinzalelwane yaseMurcia, wayesenza inkonzo yasemkhosini kwikomkhulu. Ngeempelaveki ebengaphathiswanga ngazo kwizisele zakhe, wayechitha ubusuku ekhaya kwaye, endaweni yokuchitha iholide yakhe kwizivumelwano zeinshurensi ezikhuthazayo, wayinikela kulangazelelo lomfundi ngomzala wakhe omncinci. Mhlawumbi incwadi yokuqala endiyifundileyo ayishiyanga uphawu kwimemori yam, kodwa bazenzile ezo ndlela zovuyo zoncwadi endazinikwa ngutata nomzala wam uManolo.

Ewe iileta zam zokuqala, Ndibakhumbula kakuhle. Kwakungumxholo onesihloko Ibhulorho yezulu kwaye yajikeleza intombazana owayehlala kwifama kwindawo esemagqagaleni. Engavumeli abahlobo abangabantu ukuba bafumane indawo eyimfihlo, wabakhangela Ubukumkani bezilwanyana kwaye wabeka kubo amagama ekubhaleni kwabo engakhange atyale intelekelelo egqithileyo. Ukuya kuyo umngani ogqibelele wambiza Ihashe kwaye akuyomfuneko ukucudisa umlingo ukuze uqashele ukuba sasiyintoni na isilwanyana.

Ngenye imini Ihashe wafa. Yophukile lusizi, intombazana yabuza utata wayo ukuba ingaba izilwanyana ziya esibhakabhakeni esinye nezabantu na, xa utata wakhanyela, ethetha ngamazulu amabini, elinye lomntu kunye nelinye lezilwanyana, lahlulwe lulwandle, wagqiba kwelokuba xa indala bendiya kuba yinjineli kwaye angakha ibhulorho ndiyakwazi ukugcina ulwandle. Ngokwenyani nobuchule bakhe bokubhaptizwa, wayeza kuyibiza ngokuba "yibhulorho yezulu" kwaye, xa wonke umntu ehlala e-eden yakhe, wayeyiwela yonke imihla esiya kubahlobo bakhe.

Andazi ukuba kutheni, kodwa andikaze ndilibale ukuba, ibali lam lokuqala.

• AL: Yeyiphi incwadi yokuqala eyakubetha kwaye ngoba?

SA: Kwakungekho enye, zazimbini: Ibali elingenasiphelonguMichael Ende, kunye INkosi yamasongonguJRR Tolkien.

Ndanikwa Ibali elingenasiphelo ngomhla wam wokuzalwa weshumi kwaye ndikhumbula malini Ndachukumiseka ngumbono ka-Áuryn kwiphepha elingaphandle; Ngokwenyani, kunokuba indichukumise, yandonwabisa, kangangokuba kwasekuqaleni ndabona ukuba eli bali ngokuqinisekileyo alinakuphela kwimemori yam, kuba ngekhe ndiyeke ukuyikhupha.

Kwaye wayengaphazami, kuba yile ndlela yenzeke ngayo. Ndandinomdla we-Bastian kunye ne-Atreyu ebomvu-luhlaza; Ndandisoyika umzobo weFantasy egrogriswa ngu-Nothingness enkosi ngokuwohloka kwentsomi yomntu, kwaye ndothuka kakhulu ndicinga ukuba u-Artax woyisakala kuma-Swamp of Sadness ngelixa u-Atreyu wasebeza endlebeni yakhe «Ndizokuxhasa, sihlobo; Andiyi kukuvumela ukuba utshone. Uhambo luka-Atreyu, Kuphela kumiselwe ngakumbi ukukhokela uBastian kwi-Empress yoBuntwana, ngokwenene indifumene, kwaye wayenza ngendlela yomzimba ekuhambeni kwexesha, kuba nanamhlanje iyaqhubeka indonwabisa.

Malunga INkosi yamasongo, Ndayifumana ngeKrisimesi yam yeshumi elinesithathu. Ndiqale ngokuthandabuzaEwe, ibiyi Incwadi yeebhulikhi ukuba kude kube ngoku wayejamelene; ukuthandabuza ukuba, kude nokukhula, kwaqala ukwehla kwakamsinya nje ukuba ndingene kuMbindi-mhlaba ndaza ndafunda ngeRingi ejongene "nokutsala bonke nokubabopha ebumnyameni apho iiShadows zanda khona: kuMhlaba kaMordor."

Amen kwesi sibini sikhankanywe ngasentla, abalinganiswa abangenakuphikiswa bokuqokelelwa kwam enkulisa, ezinye iincwadi ezine zindoyisile, ezi zithandwa, nangona kunjalo, zavela sele zikhulile.

Indoda enobukrelekrele uDon Quijote waseLa Manchangu-Miguel de Cervantes. Nakuphi na ukudumisa okuthululiselwe kummangaliso onje kubonakala kuyinto encinci kum; Ndiza kuzilinganisela ekuthetheni ukuba idibanisa iqela elincinci leencwadi ekufundeni kwakhe ndifuna ukuphinda amaxesha ngamaxesha. Ayinamsebenzi ukuba zingaphi iihambo ozihambileyo ukusuka eLa Mancha endizenzileyo ndaza ndazihlaziya kwicala lale ndoda ihloniphekileyo "enye yezo zinomkhonto wenqanawa, ikhaka elidala, i-nag enesikhumba kunye negreyhound ebalekayo." Ndihlala ndifumana amanqaku amatsha ebalini okanye ngendlela yokubalisa endishiya ndibambe ongezantsi ndincoma ngokunyanisekileyo.

UFortunata noJacintaNgu-Benito Pérez Galdós. Enye inoveli yokususa umnqwazi nayo yonke into eyimfuneko. Kwithamsanqa lam elikhulu, ubonakala enxibe iMadrid endala. Incwadi etywine isihloko kunye neleta kuthando loncwadi lwalo mthandi webhere kunye nomthi wakhe we-strawberry.

Isithunzi somoyaNguCarlos Ruiz Zafón. Ndiyifundile xa ndigqibile ukutshata kwaye ngekhe ndilibale nezithunzi zaloo moya okanye ubusi bezo nyanga.

I-knight kwisikrweqe somliloNguRobert Fisher, incwadi encinci enkulu endifundise amandla okuphilisa iinyembezi.

• AL: Ngubani umbhali wakho omthandayo? Unokukhetha ngaphezu kweyodwa nakwezinye iindawo.

SA: UMiguel de Cervantes kunye noBenito Pérez Galdós.

Imisebenzi yazo zombini ziyimizobo eyiyo enemigca; endaweni yokufunda izigcawu zabo, zibone ngamehlo engqondo ngendlela enzulu kangangokuba uziva uhamba ngaphaya kwenyani, ufika kumngxunya wentelekelelo kwaye ube lingqina lokuzibonela ngokwenzekayo kwezo ndawo.

Ngokombono wam, Ubugcisa bokwenza iprozi bulele ekupeyinteni ngoonobumba, kwaye obu buchule babuxatyiswa nguCervantes noGaldós. Akumangalisi ukuba eyokuqala yatsala umnumzana "onobuchule", kwaye okwesibini waqala umsebenzi wakhe wobugcisa ethanda ibrashi ngaphezu kwepeni.

• AL: Nguwuphi umlinganiswa osencwadini onqwenela ukudibana naye kunye nokwenza?

SA: Ndingathanda ukudala kunye nokudibana nezi zibini bazenzayo UDon Quixote kunye noSancho, kuba okokuqala kudada kwizinto ezi-fluffy ze-fantasy kunye ne-rubs yesibini i-entelechies kwilitye elilukhuni lokwenyani. Ngelixa uDon Quixote ephupha ngokuphila, uSancho uhlala ephupha. Oku kubini kusibonisa ubomi njengodibaniso oluchumileyo lwenyani kunye namaphupha, kuba, ngaphandle kwamaphupha kaDon Quixote, inyani kaSancho ayinakubonakala iyinyani kwaye, ngaphandle kwenyani kaSancho, amaphupha kaDon Quixote aya kuphulukana nomlingo wabo.

Phambi kwale cocktail imi emhlabeni kwaye intloko emafini bubomi, abantu bagqibe kwelokuba baphile ngemilebe ye-concave okanye ye-convex. Kwaye le yiyantlukwano ebantwini, kuba, ngelixa abanye bebona amatye okusila kwaye bewaphepha ukunyusa amagxa nokuzinciphisa ngokwaphula indlela, abanye babona umkhosi weengxilimbela, endaweni yokubaphepha ngokwaphula indlela, bayabahlasela ukwaphuka imikhonto.

• AL: Ngaba kukho naziphi na izinto ozithandayo xa kufikwa ekubhaleni nasekufundeni?

SA: Xa ndibhala, ndifuna ukuzahlula Yehlabathi lam, kuba, ngapha koko, andinako ukuntywiliselwa kolo lwabalinganiswa. Xa ndifunda, etempileni iimfuno. Ndifuna enye kuphela ngengubo, un isofa kwaye kubalulekile: incwadi elungileyo.

• AL: Kwaye indawo oyikhethileyo kunye nexesha lokwenza oko?

SA: Ndihlala ndibhala kule nto ndiyibizayo "ikona yokuphakuzela", enye umkhwa endlwini yam lowo ndimthandayo ndimthiyile ngokulinganayo. Kuyo ndichithe ilanga elininzi kwaye akukho zinyanga zingaphantsi; Ndiyakhala, ndihlekile, Ndaphuke, ndachacha; Ndiye ndalala, ndiphuphile, ndivukile, ndibuye ndalala ndaphinda ndaphupha. Ukuhlala apho, amawakawaka bendicinga ukuphosa itawuli, kodwa ibiliwaka kwaye inye, endaweni yokuphosa itawuli, ndatsala amandla okuthanda. Ndingathini ukuba ndingamthandi kwaye ndimthiye ngaxeshanye ukuba ngaphakathi kweendonga zayo ezine ndiziva ukuba ngumkhuhlane wokubhala kuphela onokundiphilisa?

• AL: Siza kufumana ntoni kwinoveli yakho yamva nje, Igazi elihlambalazayo?

SA: Uya kuyifumana isenzo esikhawulezayo elingenwe nge ubuhlobo, familia, kuphila, silwe, Uzuko, ezininzi Ukunyuka kwaye ezinye iinyembezi... Uya kubaleka ungene kwifayile ye- YokuNcina, kunye ne-Inclusa, kunye Ujikelezo lweSonka kunye neqanda; uza kundwendwela mentideros de la Villa usetyenziso lweWindows kwi- Ivenkile yeWindows kwaye uyokonwaba ngokuhleba ngentsimbi yaseMadrilenians; uya kuhamba ezitratweni ukuba kanye bakunyathela ICervantes, iLope, iGóngora, iQuevedo, iTirso de Molina, iCalderón, kwaye uzakukhapha ii-esportilleros, abathwali bamanzi, abahlanjwa iimpahla, abagibeli beedolophu, abathengisi kunye nemibutho emininzi esele iphelisiwe ngenxa yala maxesha.

En Igazi elihlambalazayo uya kudibana iMadrid yowe-1621; Endaweni yoko, awuyi kudibana neMadrid, uya kuzifumana ukuyo kwaye, xa kusenzeka oko, iingqondo zakho ezintlanu ziya kwenziwa zisebenze.

Emva koko Uya kuyibona imibala yeMadrid yakudala, uya kuva ivumba lomoya wayo, ungcamle incasa yawo, uve ukuqhubekeka kwawo okungapheliyo, kwaye uchukumise iikona zawo. Kwaye, njengoko izivamvo zakho ezihlanu ziphuculwe, kuyakubakho isithandathu esinokwehla: eso soqhelaniso, kuba uyakufumana ukuntywiliselwa eVilla naseCorte kangangokuba uya kuphulukana neenyawo zakho okwangoku Kwaye uza kuhamba ngaphambili ... uye kwindawo edlamkileyo kwaye kwangaxeshanye emnyama apho, ngelixa ukholo kuThixo lubeka iintliziyo, ulwaphulo-mthetho ngokuchasene nalo lubase imililo.

• AL: Ezinye iintlobo ozithandayo ngaphandle kwenoveli yembali?

SA: Ndiyithanda kakhulu i- inoveli emnyama, kodwa ndiyavuma ukuba namhlanje le yembali ithatha ibhokisi yolawulo lwam.

AL: Ufunda ntoni ngoku? Ukubhala?

SA: Ndihlala ndiphupha ngokubhala inoveli yembali kwaye ndiye ndaphumelela. Kuyenzeka, nangona kunjalo, ukuba kungabikho mntu undilumkisayo ukuba amaphupha athile anokuba likhoboka njani, kuba ngoku kufuneka ndibhale elinye ... kwaye ndikulo.

Ngokubhekisele kufundo lwam lwangoku, ndigqibile Uhambo olwaba lilivo, de UMireia Giménez Higón, Isakhiwo sayo sijikeleze uhambo olwenziwe yintombazana xa ifumana incwadana eyimfihlakalo yesikhumba egcwele iimbali ezindala ezibonakala ngathi ziyathetha ngaye. Ibali elithandekayo kunye noncwadi oluhle kangangokuba andinakukushiya kude kube sekupheleni.

Kwakhona, ndinezinye iincwadi ezimbini ekufundeni okunyanzelekileyo.

Iintsomi zekati zaseMadileni, de UAntonio Aguilera Muñoz, enye ukhetho lweetyelelo eMadrid apho, ngohlobo lweentsomi ezithandekayo, umbhali etyhila iimfihlelo zekomkhulu, iikona zalo kunye neentsomi zalo. I-Opera prima yi-Matritense eyazi kakuhle ngokuqinisekileyo eqinisekileyo yokonwabisa abathandi beMadrid kunye nabo banomdla ngembali yayo.

Iindlela ze-inki, de UJuan Cruz Lara. Abbey wase-Italiya, umbhalo-ngqangi, umrhwebi kunye nefomula. Ubumdaka buqinisekisiwe obunononophelo oluhle kakhulu.

Ezi zintathu zikhankanyiweyo zibonakala ngathi yimisebenzi yengcebiso ephezulu.

• AL: Ucinga ukuba imeko yokupapasha yenzelwe ababhali abaninzi ukuba bakho okanye ufuna ukupapasha?

SA: Ngokoluvo lwam, mibini imeko ekufuneka iqwalaselwe: eyokuhlela neyentengiso.

Ndibona imeko yokupapasha njengenganzima kangako namhlanje kunayizolo enkosi iindlela ezininzi zokuzipapasha; Akunjalo kwezorhwebo, kuba, nangona iinoveli ezintle ezingapheliyo zizulazula kwimarike zizama ukwenza indlela yazo, Intengiso ixhasa kuphela ukuqhubela phambili kwabambalwa.

Ngethamsanqa, nomphakathi Ukulwa nokungalingani ngokubonelela ababhali be-novice ithuba lokufikelela kuluntu jikelele. Ubuncinci, oko kube ngamava am. Mna Ndifumene inkxaso enkulu kwiibhloko zeblogi Kwaye nakwabafundi abagqabaza okanye babelane ngokufundwayo kwabo. Inkxaso enjalo indibonisile ukuba, ngaphaya kodonga lwesine lwe-Facebook okanye i-Instagram, kukho abantu abanobuntu obukhethekileyo nobukrelekrele obuzimisele ukubheja kwii-novice kwaye basinike ithuba.

Ukuqubuda kwam ngombuleloKulungile, kubuzalwana obuncomekayo babafundi kunye nabavavanyi. Imbali yakhe ebalaselisa inkcubeko, eyomeleza iintsika zoncwadi kwaye, ngelishwa, ibonelela ngamanzi kubahambi bale ntlango yomileyo yephepha elimhlophe kunye noonobumba abamnyama, apho ngamanye amaxesha abantu basokola kukunxanelwa okukhulu.

Enkosi, zihlobo, ngokuhlekisa amanethiwekhi ukuvula izithuba ezivumela ii-novices zepeni ukuba zingene ebomini bakho kwaye, ekugqibeleni, kwilayibrari yakho.

• AL: Ngaba umzuzu wobunzima esijamelana nawo unzima kuwe okanye uya kuba nakho ukugcina into elungileyo kwiinoveli ezizayo?

SA: Andicingi umzuzu wobunzima obukhoyo ngoku kubonakala kulula kuye nabani na. Eli linqanaba elinzima kakhulu, kwelinye icala, lokususa uncumo kwimimoya yethu nkqu nasebusweni bethu, kuba asinakukwazi ukuyinxiba ngesigqubuthelo kwaye kwelinye icala, oko kusibangele sakhala kakhulu.

Nangona kunjalo, ubukhulu bomntu busekelwe kubuchule bakhe bokugqwesa. Iimfazwe ezininzi, iindyikitya zokufa, iintlekele kunye nobunye ubunzima ziye zabetha umntu kuyo yonke imbali kwaye akukho namnye ukwazileyo ukubopha uvuyo okanye waphula umphefumlo. Hayi ilize isibindi sikhula xa ujongene nobunzima Kwaye, nangona umhlaba ngoku uhamba ngolwandle olunxungupheleyo, ndiqinisekile ukuba iyakwenza njalo njengoko ookhokho bethu babekhe benza: kwiigaloni zesibindi, ukubonakalisa ubumbano kunye nokubetha isikhephe esikhulu kwaye, ngaphezulu kwako konke, kumanyene.