UFrancisco Pérez Martínez, yaziwa ngcono njenge UFrancisco Umbral, wazalelwa eMadrid, nge-11 kaMay, 1935 kwaye wasweleka kwakwesi sixeko, ngo-Agasti 28, 2007. Wayeyintatheli yaseSpain, umbhali wenoveli, umbhali ngobomi bomntu kwanesincoko.
Isixeko saseValladolid, apho umbhali ongasekhoyo wachitha ixesha elininzi lobomi bakhe, kwaye waqala ngeeleta ngokusebenzisa ubuntatheli, elungiselela umbulelo kwimemori yakhe ngokuzinikezela kwesitalato kunye nesenzo ngaphakathi kweNcwadi yeNcwadi, eya kubanjwa ukusukela ngoMeyi 1. ukuya ku-11, umhla ungqamana nomhla wokuzalwa kwakhe.
Ummelwane waseParquesol, yenye yeendawo ezinolwandiso olukhulu kunye nenani labemi, ukhethwe ukuba angafi UFrancisco Umbral (1935-2007), owathi eValladolid washicilela imibhalo yakhe yokuqala, ngaphakathi kwimagazini ethi «Cisne», yeSEU, kwaye wayesebenza rhoqo kwiphephandaba «Umntla weCastile« kwi-1957.
Iphephandaba «Idayari yeHlabathi yeValladolid«, Ngokubakho kwelo phephandaba indawo yokuhlala yokugqibela yekholamu ye UFrancisco Umbral, ukusukela ngo-1989, ngesiqubulo esithi «Iziyolo kunye neentsuku«, Ngaphambili yapapashwa kwi«El País»(1976-1988) nakwindawo ekunyamalala kuyo«Idayari 16« (1988).
IBhunga lePhondo laseValladolid sele linike i-Umbral ebomini, ngo-1994, imbeko ngokunikezelwa kweBhaso loMsebenzi woNcwadi kunye nokupapashwa kwencwadi ngobomi bakhe nomsebenzi wakhe.
Iingxelo ezibhalwe nguFrancisco Umbral
- UTamouré (1965)
- UThug Ballad (1965)
- Ukuwela iMadrid (1966)
- Iintombi (1969)
- Ukuba besisazi ukuba uthando yayilelo (1969)
- U-El Giocondo (1970), kwiindawo zobufanasini eMadrid
- Abantu baseYurophu (1970)
- Iinkumbulo zomntwana onepiko lasekunene (1972)
- Ububi obungcwele (1973)
- Ukubulala kunye nePinki (1975)
- Iinymphs (ibhaso likaNadal, ngo-1975)
- Imihla yokuthanda (1979)
- Umthi weFerns (1980)
- I-Pink Beast (1981)
- Iingelosi ze-Guardian (1981)
- Imiphefumlo ePurgatory (1982)
- IMadrid Trilogy (ngo-1984)
- UPius XII, i-Moorish Escort kunye neGeneral ngaphandle kweliso (1985)
- Akukho nto ngeCawa (1988)
- Mhla ndadlwengula uAlma Mahler (1988)
- Ukukhanya kweAfrika (1989)
- Kwaye uTierno Galván Wenyuka waya ezulwini (1990)
- Igosa likaKesari obonwayo (iBhaso labaGxeki, ngo-1992)
- IMadrid, ngo-1940 (1993)
- Amantombazana amancinci aseAvignon (1995)
- IMadrid ngo-1950 (1995)
- Inkunzi yeNtlungu (1996)
- Ukuqulunqwa Kwamasela (1997)
- Amabali oThando kunye neViagra (1998)
- Ukuvela kude (2001)
- Iimpawu zasebusuku (2003)
- Iintsuku ezimnandi eArgüelles (2005)
- Intanda ye-2007 yeNkulungwane (XNUMX)
Iimvavanyo kunye neengxelo ezibhalwe nguFrancisco Umbral
Uye wabhala isincoko sakhe esinezihloko ezinje Ukubhalwa okungapheliyo (Ukusuka eRubén Darío ukuya eCela) (1989) Amazwi esizwe (1994) Uncwadi lwesichazi-magama (1995) IMadrid, isizwe sasezidolophini (2000) okanye I-hallucinated (2001). Vula UCela: isidumbu esifanelekileyo (2002), ubonelela ngotoliko lobuqu lwalowo wayemkhusela kunye nomhlobo kwaye kwi Kwaye zazinjani iigumbi zikaMadame Bovary? (2003) ubonelela ngengqokelela yemifanekiso emifutshane engamashumi amane yababhali abathandayo. Njengombhali-mbali, wapapasha Kwaye uTierno Galván wenyukela ezulwini (1990) apho ahlalutya ngokuthetha ngenguqu kwezopolitiko eSpain ukusuka ekufeni kukaFranco ngo-1975 ukuya kungcwatywa komnye woosodolophu abathandwa kakhulu eMadrid ngo-1986; ivuliwe I-Phelpism yoLuntu: Idemokhrasi ekubanjweni (1991) kunye Iminyaka elishumi ebomvu (1993), waphula ubongameli obusetyenziswa nguFelipe González nakwi IRiphabhlikhi yaseBhanana eMelika, ejongene neziganeko zangoSeptemba 11 eNew York, imfazwe yaseMelika eAfghanistan kunye norhulumente waseGeorge Bush (2002). Ukuzixakekisa kwakhe ngolwimi kubonisiwe kwi Isichazi-magama sabangamahlwempu (1977), ifayile ye- Isichazi-magama sikaCheli (1983) okanye Amazwi esizwe (1994).
Iibhayografi kunye nee-autobiographies ezibhalwe nguFrancisco Umbral
Ukwapapashe izincoko ezizezembali kunye nezoncwadi kunye neembono zoqobo kubabhali bakudala bencwadi zenkulungwane ye-XNUMX neye-XNUMX, ezinje nge I-Larra, i-anatomy yedandy (1965) ULorca, imbongi eqalekisiweyo (1968) URamón kunye nevanguards (1978) kunye IValle-Inclán: iibhutsi ezimhlophe zamaqatha (1997) kunye nezinye ezinolwazi njenge IValle-Inclán (1968); INkosi Byron (1969); IMiguel Delibes (1970); I-Lola Flores, intlalontle ye-petenera (1971). Iincwadi ezizenzekelayo zihlala kwisahluko esikhethekileyo kweli candelo, nangona i-biografi ikhukula yonke ingxelo yakhe kunye nomsebenzi wobuntatheli, phakathi kwawo kufanelekile ukuqaqambisa Ngobusuku endafika ngabo eCafe Gijón (1977) Iinkumbulo ezinomdla (Imizimba ezukileyo) (1992) Unyana kaGrta Garbo (1977) kunye neememo zakhe zobuntatheli Iintsuku ezimnandi eArgüelles (2005).
Amabhaso afunyenwe ngumbhali
Ndiyifumene UGabriel Miró Ibhaso leBali elifutshane leSizwe kwi1964 kunye Tamoure Kwaye waba ngumjikelo wokugqibela kwi Ibhaso laseGuipúzcoa kwangaloo nyaka kwinoveli yakhe emfutshane I-thug ballad. Ngo-1965 ibali lakhe Iintsuku ngaphandle kwesikolo fumana Iphondo leLeón Award. Ekupheleni kweminyaka yamashumi amathandathu waba ngowokugqibela kumabhaso amabali amafutshane IiTartessos ngu UMarilén ekwindla-ebusika. Ungowokugqibela kwi Ibhaso lika-Elisenda de Moncada yi 'Ukuba besisazi ukuba lolo thando' (1969).
Ngo-1975 wafumana ICarlos Arniches Award evela kuMbutho Jikelele waBabhali kwangaloo nyaka Imbasa kaNadal inoveli ngu Iingqungquthela.
Sele ikwi-80s González Ruano Prize for Journalism ngo-1980 ngenqaku lakhe Isithathu seminyaka, epapashwe ngexesha lakhe kwi El País; waba ngowokugqibela kwiPlaneta Award ngo-1985 UPius XII, umkhokeli wamaMoor kunye nokuhamba ngokubanzi ngaphandle kwamehlo.
Ngo-1990 wafumana UMariano de Cavia kwinqaku lakhe lephephandaba Barefoot Martin, sele evela kwinqanaba lakhe El Mundo kunye neAlexander Machado Award ngebali elifutshane I tattoo. Ngo-1992 inoveli yakhe Igosa likaKesare obonwayo ndiyifumene Abagxeki Award 1991. Ngo-1994 waphumelela Ibhaso likaJuan Valera loncwadi lwe-Epistolary kunye Umvuzo we-VII weSizwe woBuntatheli weSiseko seZiko laseSpain. Ngo-1995 wafumana i UFrancisco Cerecedo Award kuMbutho weeNtatheli zaseYurophu. Ngo-1996 kunjalo INkosana yeAsturias Ibhaso loNcwadi; ngo-1997 kunjalo Ibhaso likaFernando Lara yi Ubuqhetseba besela. Ngo-1997 uMphathiswa Wezenkcubeko wamnika i Ibhaso leLizwe leeleta zaseSpain Umsebenzi wakhe wonke kwaye uwongwa Imbasa yeGolide evela kwiCírculo de Bellas Artes de Madrid kunye Ibhaso likaLeón Felipe yeNkululeko yokuThetha. Wabizwa ngokuba nguGqirha Honoris Causa liFakhalthi yezeNzululwazi ngeNzululwazi yeYunivesithi yaseComplutense yaseMadrid (1999). Ngo-2000 wafumana Umvuzo weCervantes kwaye ngo-2003 Ibhaso lobuntatheli beMesonero Romanos.
Uluhlu lweencwadi zombhali
- UAna Caballé, uFrancisco Umbral. Ingqele yobomi, Espasa-Calpe, 2004. ISBN 978-84-670-1308-5
- UMaría P. Celmar, uFrancisco Umbral, uValladolid: kwiDyunivesithi, 2003. I-ISBN 978-84-8448-223-9
- UJavier Villán, uFrancisco Umbral. Ukubhala okupheleleyo, iMadrid: Espasa Calpe, 1996. ISBN 978-84-239-7823-6
- UAntonio López de Zuazo Algar, ikhathalogu yeeNtatheli zaseSpain zenkulungwane yama-1981. IMadrid, 978. I-ISBN 84-86227-81-4-XNUMX
- Phakathi kwemilambo. Ubugcisa kunye neeleta zeNombolo 2, kwihlobo laseNtwasahlobo, 2005 (iMonograph enikezelwe kuFrancisco Umbral ngezifundo ezahlukeneyo, isicatshulwa esingashicilelwanga kunye nokukhethwa kwamaqhekeza emisebenzi yakhe) Umbutho weMinerva wezobuGcisa neeleta (eGranada).
- UGómez Calderón, uBernardo, isela lomlilo: Umsebenzi woPapasho lukaFrancisco Umbral. UMálaga, 2004 Umbutho woPhando noPhuhliso loNxibelelwano. I-ISBN 84-609-3181-1