Iincwadi ezili-100 ezilungileyo ngalo lonke ixesha

Namhlanje sikuzisa uluhlu kunye neefayile ze Iincwadi ezili-100 ezilungileyo ngokwe IKlabhu yeNcwadi yaseNorway. Olu luhlu luye lwabhaptizwa ngegama "leLayibrari yeHlabathi" kwaye okuzamayo kukuhlanganisa indawo enkulu yoncwadi lwehlabathi, kunye neencwadi ezivela kuwo onke amazwe, iinkcubeko kunye namaxesha. Iincwadi ezili-100 ezibalaseleyo kwimbali zinokuba kumathala eencwadi kuwo onke amakhaya ehlabathini, kodwa zingaphi onazo?

Olu luhlu lwenziwa ngababhali abaphononongiweyo. Ngamnye kubo kwafuneka ukuba acebise uluhlu olunezihloko zoncwadi ezili-10 ezazizezona zibalaseleyo, ezithandayo, kwaye ngenxa yoko, zezona zicetyiswayo. Kuya kufuneka sibonise ukuba olu luhlu lwe Ezona ncwadi zintle embalini zialfabhethi ngokupheleleyo, ayiyalelwanga ngokomgangatho wayo. Emva koko sikushiya naye. Ngaba uzifunde zonke? Ngaba ucinga ukuba kusekho izihloko ezingekhoyo? Kwincasa yam, zininzi iincwadi zasempumalanga ezingekhoyo kunye neminye imisebenzi ethandwa kakhulu enje "Iimbandezelo" nguVíctor Hugo, kodwa abo (andikazifundi zonke, ndisekele olwam uluvo kwezi kusafuneka ndizifundile kuphononongo loncwadi olufundwa ngoogxa), ndicinga ukuba bayasifanela isikhundla abakuso.

Ilayibrari yeHlabathi: Ezona ncwadi ziBalaseleyo

1. "Umbongo kaGilgamesh" (Ongaziwayo kwinkulungwane ye-XNUMX BC)
2. "Incwadi ka Yobhi" (esuka kwibhayibhile. Engaziwa I-XNUMXth century BC-IV BC)
3. "Amawaka amawaka kunye nobusuku obunye" (engaziwa igama 700-1500)
4. "Saga de Njál" (engaziwa ngenkulungwane XIII)
5. "Yonke into iyawa" (Chinua Achebe 1958)
6. "Amabali abantwana" (UHans Christian Andersen 1835-37)
7. "Udidi oluhlekisayo" (UDante Alighieri 1265-1321)
8. "Ikratshi kunye noKhethe" (uJane Austen 1813)
9. "Papa Goriot" (Honoré de Balzac 1835)
10. "Molloy," "Malone Dies," "Engathethekiyo," trilogy (USamuel Beckett 1951-53)
11. "UDecameron" (Giovanni Boccaccio 1349-53)
12. "Iintsomi" (UJorge Luis Borges 1944-86)
13. "Iindawo eziphakamileyo zeWuthering" (uEmily Brontë 1847)
14. "Umntu ongaqhelekanga" (Albert Camus, 1942)
15. "Imibongo" (Paul Celan 1952)
16. "Uhambo oluya esiphelweni sobusuku" (uLouis-Ferdinand Céline, 1932)
17. "UDon Quixote de la Mancha" (uMiguel de Cervantes 1605, 1615)
18. "Iintsomi zaseCanterbury" (uGeoffrey Chaucer wenkulungwane ye-XNUMX)
19. "Amabali amafutshane" (Antón Chejov 1886)
20. "UNostromo" (uJoseph Conrad 1904)
21. "Ukulindela Okukhulu" (UCharles Dickens 1861)
22. "UJacques, ikalalist" (uDenis Diderot 1796)
23. "IBerlin Alexanderplatz" (uAlfred Döblin 1929)
24. "Ulwaphulo-mthetho kunye nezohlwayo" (Fyodor Dostoevsky 1866)
25. "Isidenge" (uFyodor Dostoevsky 1869)
26. "Iidemon" (UFyodor Dostoevsky 1872)
27. "Abazalwana bakaKaramazov" (uFyodor Dostoevsky 1880)
28. "UMiddlemarch" (uGeorge Eliot 1871)
29. "Indoda engabonakaliyo" (uRalph Ellison 1952)
30. "IMedea" (i-Euripides 431 BC)
31. "Abhisalom, Abhisalom!" (UWilliam Faulkner 1936)
32. "Ingxolo nobushushu" (UWilliam Faulkner 1929)
33. "Madame Bovary" (Gustave Flaubert 1857)
34. "Imfundo yengqondo" (Gustave Flaubert 1869)
35. "Iibhaladi zeGypsy" (UFederico García Lorca 1928)
36. "Elikhulu leminyaka lokuba wedwa" (uGabriel García Márquez 1967)
37. "Uthando ngexesha lekholera" (UGabriel García Márquez 1985)
38. "UFaust" (uJohann Wolfgang von Goethe 1832)
39. "Imiphefumlo efileyo" (UNikolai Gogol 1842)
40. "Igubu leTin" (uGünter Grass 1959)
41. “IGran Sertón: IVeredas” (UJoão Guimarães Rosa 1956)
42. "Indlala" (uKnut Hamsun 1890)
43. "Indoda endala nolwandle" (u-Ernest Hemingway 1952)
44. "Iliad" (Homer 850-750 BC)
45. "Odyssey" (Homer XNUMXth century BC)
46. "Indlu yoDoli" (UHenrik Ibsen 1879)
47. "Ulysses" (UJames Joyce 1922)
48. "Amabali amafutshane" (Franz Kafka 1924)
49. "Inkqubo" (UFranz Kafka 1925)
50. "Inqaba" (UFranz Kafka 1926)
51. "Shakuntala" (Kālidāsa kwinkulungwane yokuqala BC-XNUMX AD)
52. "Isandi sentaba" (Yasunari Kawabata 1954)
53. "UZorba, umGrike" (uNikos Kazantzakis 1946)
54. "Oonyana nabathandi" (DH Lawrence 1913)
55. "Abantu abazimeleyo" (Halldór Laxness 1934-35)
56. "Imibongo" (Giacomo Leopardi 1818)
57. "Incwadana yeGolide" (UDoris Ukufunda ngo-1962)
58. "IPippi Longstocking" (Astrid Lindgren 1945)
59. "Idayari yomntu ophambeneyo" (Lu Xun 1918)
60. "Bantwana bengingqi yethu" (Naguib Mahfuz 1959)
61. "I-Bruptbrooks" (UThomas Mann 1901)
62. "Intaba Yomlingo" (UThomas Mann 1924)
63. "UMoby-Dick" (Herman Melville 1851)
64. "Izincoko" (Michel de Montaigne 1595)
65. "Ibali" (Elsa Morante 1974)
66. "Ntanda" (UToni Morrison 1987)
67. "UGenji Monogatari" (uMurasaki Shikibu wenkulungwane ye-XNUMX)
68. "Indoda engenazimpawu" (URobert Musil 1930--32)
69. "Lolita" (UVladimir Nabokov 1955)
70. "Ngo-1984" (uGeorge Orwell 1949)
71. "I-metamorphoses" (i-Ovid, inkulungwane yokuqala ye-AD)
72. "Incwadi yokungazinzi" (UFernando Pessoa 1928)
73. "Iintsomi" (Edgar Allan Poe inkulungwane ye-XNUMX)
74. "Ukukhangela ixesha elilahlekileyo" (Marcel Proust)
75. "IGargantua kunye nePantagruel" (UFrançois Rabelais)
76. "UPedro Páramo" (uJuan Rulfo 1955)
77. IMasnavi Rumi 1258-73
78. "Oonyana basezinzulwini zobusuku" (uSalman Rushdie 1981)
79. "IBostan" (uSaadi 1257)
80. "Ixesha lokufudukela emantla" (Tayeb Salih 1966)
81. "Isincoko sokungaboni" (UJosé Saramago 1995)
82. "IHamlet" (UWilliam Shakespeare 1603)
83. "UKumkani uLear" (UWilliam Shakespeare 1608)
84. "Othello" (UWilliam Shakespeare 1609)
85. "U-Oedipus uKumkani" (uSophocles 430 BC)
86. "Ubomvu nomnyama" (uStendhal 1830)
87. "Ubomi kunye nezimvo zomnumzana Tristram Shandy" (uLaurence Sterne 1760)
88. "Isazela sikaZeno" (Italo Svevo 1923)
89. "Uhambo lukaGulliver" (UJonathan Swift 1726)
90. "Imfazwe noxolo" (Lev Tolstoy 1865-1869)
91. "UAna Karenina" (uLev Tolstoy 1877)
92. Ukusweleka kukaIvan Ilyich (uLev Tolstoy 1886)
93. "I-Adventures yeHuckleberry Finn" (UMark Twain 1884)
94. "URamayana" (uValmiki wenkulungwane yesi-XNUMX ye-BC-ye-XNUMX ye-AD)
95. "Umncedisi" (Virgil 29-19 BC)
96. "Mahabhárata" (eViasa kwinkulungwane ye-XNUMX BC)
97. "Iibhanti zeGrass" (Walt Whitman 1855)
98. "UNksk Dalloway" (UVirginia Woolf 1925)
99. "Kwigumbi lokukhanya" (Virginia Woolf 1927)
100. "Izikhumbuzo zikaHadrian" (Marguerite Yourcenar 1951)

Ababhali baphonononge uluhlu lweencwadi ezilungileyo kwimbali

Le yile ababhali abo kuvavanyelwe ukulungiselela uluhlu lwe Iincwadi ezili-100 ezilungileyo kakhulu:

• I-Chinghiz Aitmatov (eKyrgyzstan)
• UAhmet Altan (eTurkey)
• IAharon Appelfel (uSirayeli)
• UPaul Auster (United States)
• UFeliks de Azúa (eSpain)
• UJulian Barnes (UK)
• USimin Behbahani (Iran)
• URobert Bly (eUnited States)
• André Brink (eMzantsi Afrika)
• USuzanne Brøgger (waseDenmark)
• S. Byatt (eUK)
• UPeter Carey (Australia)
• UMartha Cerda (waseMexico)
• UJung Chang (China / UK)
• UMaryse Condé (eGuadeloupe, eFrance)
• IMia Couto (eMozambiki)
• UJim Crace (eUK)
• I-Edwidge Danticat (eHaiti)
• I-Bei Dao (eTshayina)
• I-Assia Djebar (iAlgeria)
• UMahmoud Dowlatabadi (Iran)
• UJean Echenoz (eFrance)
• UKerstin Ekman (eSweden)
• UNathan Englander (United States)
• UHans Magnus Enzenberger (eJamani)
• Emilio Estévez (eUnited States)
• UNuruddin Farah (eSomalia)
• IKjartan Fløgstad (eNorway)
• UJon Fosse (eNorway)
• Isakhelo seJanet (eNew Zealand)
• UMarilyn French (eUnited States)
• UCarlos Fuentes (eMexico)
• Izzat Ghazzawi (ePalestine)
• Amitav Ghosh (Indiya)
• UPere Gimferrer (eSpain)
• UNadine Gordimer (eMzantsi Afrika)
• UDavid Grossman (uSirayeli)
• I-Einar Már Guðmundsson (eIceland)
• USeamus Heaney (eIreland)
• UChristoph Hein (eJamani)
• I-Aleksandar Hemon (eBosnia-Herzegovina)
• UAlice Hoffman (United States)
• Chenjerai Hove (Zimbabwe)
• Sonallah Ibrahim (wase-Egypt)
• UJohn Irving (United States)
• C. Jersild (eSweden)
• I-Yasar Kemal (Turkey)
• UJan Kjærstad (eNorway)
• IMilan Kundera (Czech Republic / France)
• ILeena Lander (eFinland)
• UJohn Le Carré (UK)
• USiegfried Lenz (eJamani)
• UDoris Ukufunda (eUK)
• UAstrid Lindgren (eSweden)
• IViivi Luik (Estonia)
• Amin Maalouf (eLebhanon / France)
• UClaudio Magris (e-Itali)
• UNorman Mailer (eUnited States)
• UTomás Eloy Martínez (eArgentina)
• UFrank McCourt (eIreland / eMelika)
• IGita Mehta (eIndiya)
• UAna María Nóbrega (eBrazil)
• IRohinton Mistry (iIndiya / Canada)
• UAbdel Rahman Munif (eSaudi Arabia)
• UHerta Müller (eRomania)
• S. Naipaul (Trinidad and Tobago / UK)
• I-Cees Nooteboom (eNetherlands)
• UBen Okri (eNigeria / UK)
• U-Orhan Pamuk (eTurkey)
• USara Paretsky (United States)
• UJayne Anne Phillips (eUnited States)
• UValentin Rasputin (eRashiya)
• UJoão Ubaldo Ribeiro (waseBrazil)
• UAlain Robbe-Grillet (eFrance)
• USalman Rushdie (India / UK)
• UNawal El Saadawi (wase-Egypt)
• IHanan al-Shaykh (eLebhanon)
• I-Nihad Sirees (eSyria)
• UGöran Sonnevi (eSweden)
• USusan Sontag (United States)
• UWole Soyinka (waseNigeria)
• UGerold Späth (eSwitzerland)
• UGraham Swift (eUK)
• UAntonio Tabucchi (e-Itali)
• UFouad al-Tikerly (Iraq)
• M. Thomas (eUK)
• UAdam Thorpe (UK)
• UKirsten Thorup (eDenmark)
• UAlexander Tkachenko (eRashiya)
• IPramoedya Ananta Toer (Indonesia)
• UOlga Tokarczuk (ePoland)
• UMichel Tournier (eFrance)
• UJean-Philippe Toussaint (Bheljiyam)
• UMehmed Uzun (eTurkey)
• UNils-Aslak Valkeapää
• IVassilis Vassilikos (iGrisi)
• UYvonne Vera (waseZimbabwe)
• UFay Weldon (UK)
• UChristi Wolf (eJamani)
• B. Yoshua (uSirayeli)
• ISpôjmaï Zariâb (Afghanistan)

Nje ukuba uluhlu lweencwadi luphindwe lufundwe, kungacetyiswa ukuba abo bangaqinisekanga abafuna ukuqala ukufunda kodwa bangazi ukuba mabenze phi ... fumana ezinye izihloko zezi ncwadi zibalaseleyo embalini, njengoko zinjalo: "Umntu ongabonakaliyo" NguRalph Ellison, "Bantwana bobusuku" nguSalman Rushdie kunye "Amathemba amakhulu" NguCharles Dickens. Ndinezinye ezininzi endinokuzifunda kolu luhlu, kodwa okwangoku zezona zibambe umdla wam. Ngeyiphi ozoqala ngayo?