Iincwadi ezi-5 ezidumileyo ezabhalwa entolongweni

Umbhali ngumzobi kodwa uyacinga kwaye, ngamanye amaxesha, itshantliziyo, isithandi sobulumko kwanosopolitiki. Kwaye nangona kungenzeki kangako namhlanje, ngaphambili umbhali wayenethuba elingcono lokuphela emva kwezitshixo ukuba into awayeyibhala ngayo yayingazithandi iindawo eziphakamileyo, phakathi kwezinye izizathu. Ngenxa yazo zonke ezoeyure zisentolongweni apho bekukho ixesha elaneleyo lokucinga kwaye mhlawumbi ukuphulula impambano ngezandla zakho, ezi Iincwadi ezi-5 ezaziwayo ezazibhalwe ejele.

UDon Quixote de la Mancha, nguMiguel de Cervantes

Owona msebenzi woncwadi lwethu wapapashwa ngo-1605 nguMiguel de Cervantes, owayephakathi konyaka we-1594 nowe-1597 esebenza njengomqokeleli werhafu. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izinto ezitenxileyo kwiiakhawunti zakhe zakhokelela ekubeni abasemagunyeni bavalele umbhali kwiJele laseSeville, apho wachitha iinyanga ezintathu. Kwiminyaka kamva, intshayelelo yomsebenzi wakhe odumileyo inokukhankanya Ukudalwa kukaDon Quixote kwintolongo enjaloNangona kungaziwa ukuba yayikhona na ukuba yaqala ukubhalwa okanye ukuba yazalwa nje njengombono.

UDe Profundis, ngu-Oscar Wilde

Emva kokonwabela ukuthandwa kwilizwe liphela nangaphandle, UWilde wawela ezandleni zika-Lord Aldred Douglas, unyana kaMarquis waseQueensberry, Ogqibe kwelokuba apapashe ukuthandana phakathi kwala madoda mabini ngexesha lama-Victorian apho isodomy yayiselulwaphulo-mthetho. Ukusuka ekufundeni intolongo, uWilde wabhala le leta ethi, njengegama layo le-Indic, imele uhambo lokuzimela lombhali ngohlobo lweleta eya kumntu owayethandana naye waxolisa ngokuziphatha kwakhe. Ngaphandle kokubhalwa kwayo ngo-1897, yapapashwa emva kokubhubha kukaWilde.

Mein Kampt, nguAdolf Hitler

Enye ye ezona ncwadi ziphikisayo kwimbali Yaqala ukubhalwa ngo-1924 ngu-Führer ngexesha lokuhlala kwakhe kwintolongo yase Landsberg, apho wayegweba iminyaka emihlanu entolongweni emva koqhushululu olungaphumelelanga eMunich. Ngamaphepha e Umzabalazo wam, UHitler wazibhengeza njengo  Übermensch (okanye uSuperman), uthethe ngokubaluleka kokufumana indawo eRashiya kwaye wavakaliswa Ingcamango yezilumko zaseZiyon, eyayikhusela iyelenqe lamaJuda elaliza kuthi ekugqibeleni lithathe umhlaba. Izimvo ezaziza kugqithisela kwipolitiki yakhe engathandekiyo kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, nangona le ncwadi yayiyeyenyama de iJamani yagqiba kwelokuba iphinde iyipapashe ekuqaleni kuka-2016, ibe yeyona nto ithengiswayo.. 

Incwadi yeeNgoma kunye neebhaladi zokungabikho, nguMiguel Hernández

Emva kokuphela kweMfazwe yamakhaya, amalungu eqela leRiphabliki asasazwa kwiintolongo ezahlukeneyo zelizwe lethu, kuquka noMiguel Hernández. Phakathi kweentsimbi zeentolongo ezahlukeneyo awayekuzo, imbongi yayiza kuqhubela phambili ukubhalwa kweNgoma yeeNgoma kunye neebhaladi zokungabikho apho lo mfana wayehlalutya ubuntwana bakhe kunye nokuba msulwa, imeko yamadoda akhoyo kunye nemeko engathandekiyo yomfazi obhale odumileyo Iinanasi zetswele. Umsebenzi washiyeka ungagqitywanga emva kokubhubha kwembongi eAlicante ngoMatshi 28, 1942.

UMtyholi Emnqamlezweni, nguNgũgĩ wa Thiong'o

Emva kokubhala ngo-1977 Ngaahika ndeenda, umdlalo oza kunceda ukuvuselela imeko entle yelali yakhe yaseKenya, uThiong'o wayevalelwe unyaka entolongweni ngokuzama ukucela umngeni kubukoloniyali obabusasazwa nakwimpembelelo yenkcubeko. Ngexesha leenyanga zakhe esiseleni, kwaye njengesixhobo ngokuchasene nababulali bakhe, umbhali ubhale inoveli yakhe yokuqala ngesiGikuyu, ulwimi lwakhe lweenkobe: Caitaani Mutharabaini (UMtyholi emnqamlezweni). Uyenzile kwiphepha langasese lentolongo, elingqindilili nelirhabaxa ngokwaneleyo ukuxhasa i-inki, nokuba iinjongo zamabanjwa zahlukile.

Ezi Iincwadi ezi-5 ezidumileyo ezabhalwa zisentolongweni Baqokelela iingcamango, iimvakalelo kunye neengcinga zabanye ababhali abaye basebenzisa iiyure zabo ezininzi emva kwezitshixo ukuze bavule ingcinga abaya kuba nakho ukuyibeka kwiphepha leminyaka (nakwimashumi eminyaka kamva).