Ihlathi liyalazi igama lakho.
Ihlathi liyalazi igama lakho (2018) yinoveli ngumbhali waseBilbao uAlaitz Leceaga. Emsebenzini, umbhali ugxila kwingqwalaselo yomfundi kwibali loodade ababini abangamawele - abachasene omnye nomnye nabazizityebi kwasekuzalweni, iindlalifa zeMarquis yaseZuloaga - abanamandla endalo okuzalwa kunye namandla awodwa afunyenwe kumnombo woomama.
Ukongeza, kwaye njengokudibanisa ubuqili kunye nemfihlakalo, isiqalekiso esingaqhelekanga sihlasela amantombazana kwaye sibonakalisile ukuba abanye babo baya kufa ngokuqinisekileyo xa beneminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu. Enkosi kwintengiso ebalaseleyo, kunye nolunye ulwazelelo oluhle kakhulu olufezekiswe nguLeceaga, inoveli yakwazi ukuzibeka ngokukhawuleza kuluhlu oluthengisa kakhulu kwinyanga yokuqala.
Malunga nombhali, uAlaitz Leceaga
Njengoko u-Irene Dalmases ebhalile Ubuninzi, kwicandelo le-"Feminist Tribune ":
“Isihlangu esibomvu sisodwa esilahlwe ecaleni kwengxondorha yaseCantabrian kukhokelele u-Alaitz Leceaga waseBilbao ukuba ahlale phantsi kwikhompyuter enze ibali lamawele amabini, u-Estrella no-Alma, abalinganiswa abaphambili bale noveli. Ihlathi liyalazi igama lakho"…
Kwaye ke, ngokuzimisela - kodwa hayi ngomlingo, njengezinto ezininzi ebalini lakhe nakumawaka emigca yakhe yoncwadi- umbhali ukwazile ukuyila iprojekthi eyenze ukuba ibonakale ngokucacileyo kwilizwe leeleta laseYurophu nakwamanye amazwe. Uneminyaka engama-38 kuphela (wazalwa ngo-1982). Ivela kweso sizukulwana ebesonwabela amabali abaliswa ebusuku kwiiholo, ehlathini, nasemagumbini nakuzo zonke iindawo ezilungileyo apho ungonwabela khona ibali. Umsebenzi wakhe uyakhala.
Njengokuba ebethethile kolu dliwanondlebe lunye Ubuninzi, U-Leceaga "wayesoloko esazi ukuba uya kuba ngumbhali." Oku kutyhilwa luthando lwakhe lokuqala lokufunda, enolungiso olukhethekileyo lweencwadi ezinomlingo, umxholo ongaphaya kwendalo kunye nomlinganiswa oyintloko wabasetyhini. Yiyo loo nto umxholo wayo ophambili ujolise ekuphuculeni indima yabasetyhini kuluntu kwimbali yoluntu.
Umbhali ubhengeze ukumncoma u-Isabel Allende nomsebenzi wakhe, ngendlela lo mbhali ophumeleleyo akwazi ngayo ukubeka abantu basetyhini kwicebo lakhe. Kutshanje, uLeceaga ukhuphe inoveli yakhe entsha, Zintombi zomhlaba (2019). Ibali lale ncwadi likwanombala ngolu thintelo lobunyani kunye nokuxhotyiswa kwabasetyhini, kodwa ngeli xesha ngenkulungwane ye-XNUMX, eLa Rioja kwaye uneediliya njengamangqina eziganeko.
UAlaitz Leceaga.
Malunga nenoveli: Ihlathi liyalazi igama lakho
Ubunyani bobunyani beLeceaga
Isicatshulwa senziwe ngaphakathi kobugqi, kodwa ngochuku lombhali. Iintsomi zaseSpain kunye neentsomi zeziqalekiso zezo ngcambu ze-gypsy ziyabonakala, nangona zixutywe nengcaciso yeLatin American eyongezwa ngu-Makhulu uSoledad.
Ixesha, iindawo kunye neemeko zabo
Ixesha leziganeko ezivelayo lenziwe kwisiqingatha sokuqala senkulungwane yamashumi amabini, kanye phakathi kweshumi lesithathu nelesihlanu leminyaka. Ngokubhekisele kwiindawo, nangona iyelenqe liqala kwiBasondo ecingelwayo, eSpain, ejongene noLwandle lwaseCantabrian, iLeceaga ihamba abafundi ngeNgilane naseMelika; eSurrey naseCalifornia ngokwahlukeneyo.
Ibali eliyintsomi licacisa ngendlela ekrelekrele kakhulu kunye neziganeko ezinjengeemfazwe eziphawule elo xesha lobuntu. Emva koko, ungafunda ukuba iziganeko zeMfazwe yamakhaya yaseSpain, iMfazwe yesibini (II) yeHlabathi kunye neMvukelo yabavukuzi base-Asturias zihambelana njani kwindawo eziphambili. Konke oku, ngelixa babethetha ngomlingo omnyama kunye nezenzo zehlelo lamaNazi elimnyama u-Ahnenerbe kunye neempazamo zabo ezingaqhelekanga.
Okwalo mzuzu, kuphawulwe ngezo nkolelo malunga nendalo kwaye phantsi kwezo meko zembali, imbali ye Ihlathi liyalazi igama lakho. Ngoku, xa sithetha ngoyilo oluphambili, sifumana ibali elixhonywe ziimfihlelo zalo kwasekuqaleni. Kwaye zezokuba iziqalekiso zithiwe thaca kwinkcazo ekude kwaye ezifuna ukuba ziphononongwe nzulu, zibophe, ngokungenakuphikiswa.
I-Villa Soledad kunye nosapho oluhlala kuyo
Kakade, kukodwa, kuseto lwe-Villa Soledad -Indlu apho yonke into iqala khona kwaye iphinda yenziwe kwindawo apho uLwandle lwaseCantabrian luhlangana khona nehlathi elishinyeneyo nelingaqondakaliyo- isonga. Kumaziko ayo, iLeceaga isibonisa ubomi bosapho lakwaZuloaga kunye neeprofayili zelungu ngalinye lalo.
Into iqinisekile ukuba umfundi xa ejongene nomlinganiswa ngamnye, kwaye yile: nokuba ubathiyile ngokuba babi kakhulu, okanye uyabathanda ngokuba balunge kakhulu. Amagama aphakathi awaxatyiswanga kakhulu, akafani notshintsho olwenzeka rhoqo kumacala kunye nezimvo. Eli nqaku lokugqibela liphawulwe kakhulu ngexesha lokubaliswa.
Ukunikezelwa kwabalinganiswa abaphambili (uAlma no-Estrella) kunye nabalinganiswa babo, nangona kuyinto engaqhelekanga -Yin-Yang-, yenziwa kakuhle. Ukongeza, oku kuzalisekiswa ngokugqibeleleyo ngamagunya anazo zombini. Kwaye ukuba kuko konke oku sidibanisa isiqalekiso esithi omnye kubo makafe xa eneminyaka eyi-15, isiphumo siyindlela ebopha lowo ufundayo ade ayazi ukuba izakwenzeka njani kwaye ngubani ekufuneka abulawe ikamva.
Iyelenqe liyaqhubeka emva kokubhengezwa kokufa
Mhlawumbi inxalenye yeyona nto intle kukuba emva kwesehlo esingalunganga, iyelenqe liyaqhubeka nokuvela, kunye nabalinganiswa. Yile ndlela kukhuliswa ngayo okutsha kunye nokunomdla. Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, iziganeko zembali ezenzekileyo kula mashumi mathathu eminyaka zixhokonxa iYurophu nehlabathi zichaziwe, ngelixa ixhoba lesiqalekiso lilwa nemifanekiso yoosolusapho yexesha lokudibana nokubonisa amandla abasetyhini.
Caphula ngo-Alaitz Leceaga.
Abanye abalinganiswa abaphambili ebalini
Umphefumlo:
Eli liwele "elilungileyo" elinomlingiswa othobekileyo. Isipho sakhe kukuba akwazi ukunxibelelana nabafileyo. Ukongeza, lithuba lakhe lokugcina imfihlo yesiqalekiso sokuba ngubani oza kufa eneminyaka eli-15 ubudala.
Inkwenkwezi:
Uliwele lomntu ongenakoyiswa, njengeSpanish Doña Bárbara. Inemilinganiselo eqinileyo yokuzingca, exutywe nesidingo esimangalisayo somzamo wokufezekisa ukungaziwa. Ukuphela kwento enendima kwindima yakhe njengowasetyhini oxhotyisiweyo kukuba ufezekisa uninzi lweenjongo zakhe ngenxa yobuhle bakhe.
IMarquis yeZuloaga:
Ungutata wamawele. Uphawuleka ngokuba ngumntu oqhelekileyo ongumntu ophetheyo. Kumazwe akhe, ilizwi lakhe ngumthetho, kwaye nabani na ophikisayo ubabona kakubi, nkqu neentombi zakhe kunye nenkosikazi yakhe. Uxhomekeke kokugqibela kwaye akanalungelo lanto nxamnye neminqweno yakhe.
Umakhulu uSoledad
Kungenxa yakhe yokuba i-Villa Soledad yakhiwe. Umyeni wakhe, uDon Martín, wayenendlu enkulu eyakhiwe njengesikhumbuzo sothando lwakhe. Uvela kwimvelaphi yaseMexico kwaye izipho zomlingo zamawele zivela kumnombo wakhe. Yinto enokuthi ihlelwe njenge "shaman". Phakathi kwezipho zakhe ezingaphezu kwendalo, phuma amandla okuprofeta ngobubi obuzakwenzeka, okanye ngawuphi umzuzu iintyatyambo ziya kufikelela kubuhle bazo. Ixela kwangaphambili izaqhwithi kwaye inegunya kwindalo.
UCarmen Barrio
Nguye onendima ebalulekileyo yokukhathalela amawele. Ewe, lullaby. Ufeza indima kamama ku-Estrella no-Alma. Ungumlinganiswa othandwa ngokulula kwaye ubamba ngongenelelo lwakhe.
Iingcinga kunye nokugqithileyo
Kufuneka iqatshelwe into yokuba kukho ukuxhatshazwa malunga nemeko ye-machismo kubalinganiswa abangamadoda, inye kuphela into yokuba "kulungile". Ukugqithisa kukwabonwa ngokucacileyo: enye yeengelosi ezilungileyo okanye ezimbi zedemon.
Ngelixa le yokugqibela ibonakala kubalinganiswa abaninzi kule ncwadi, Ingabonakala ngendlela ephawulekayo kwindima yeAlma nakwimeko yeMarquis yaseZuloaga. Kwaye hayi, ayisiyiyo into yokuba abo bantu abekho, yinto yokuba ukubanakho ukubhetyebhetye kunye nokubonakalisa ukuphonononga ezinye izinto ezingafaniyo kunokuthi kuphucule iyelenqe.
Ibali elilawulwa kakuhle, ngaphandle kobude balo
Ezinye, kwaye nangona ubude - ngaphezu kwama-700 amaphepha kwinguqulelo yedijithali - umbhali wayesazi ukuba ukumelana ibali. Akululanga ukugcina umfundi ebotshelelwe kwelo bali, ngokobude kunye nomxholo. Kungenxa yokuba, kwaye kufanelekile ukuba kuthiwe, ukubhala kuka-Alaitz Leceaga kutsha.
Inkcazo echazayo iyacotha
Ngoku, kumacandelo ayo amane - uMlilo, aManzi, oMoya kunye noMhlaba- nakwizahluko zayo ezingama-24, kukho amaxesha apho ingxelo iye icothe. Ngapha koko, iyadinisa kwaye iphindaphindeka. Oku kwenzeka kwizikhewu ezichazayo zolwandle, iindawo eziqhelekileyo, ihlathi. Nangona kunjalo, uyaphumelela kwaye athabathe isantya kwakhona.
Ezinye iziphelo ezikhululekileyo
Enye into engayi kuqatshelwa yiminyhadala engenasizathu sivakalayo sokubakho. Oko kukuthi, zenzeka "ngenxa yokuba", ngokungathi yonke into yahlangana ukuze iimeko ezingalindelekanga zenzeke, ziphindaphindwe kwaye ziphindaphindwe. Kwaye, ngelixa ubunyani bobunyani buvumela amathuba athile kumbhali, ukuwusebenzisa gwenxa kungangabi yinto elungileyo.
Kumnandi ngakumbi kumfundi ukuba azi isizathu seziganeko, nangona oku kungacacanga kwangoko. Kwaye kukushiya izinto ezingahambelaniyo, kakhulu, ngaphezulu kwemfihlakalo, kunokubonisa ukungabikho kwengqwalaselo okanye ukungakhathali. Ewe kunjalo, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ubude bencwadi buyaqwalaselwa kwaye bekungumbhejo omkhulu kumbhali. Ukongeza, wayiphumeza injongo yakhe ngokuthengisa kunye nokwamkelwa. Oku, kukodwa, sele kuninzi kwihlabathi lanamhlanje lokhuphiswano loncwadi.
Amanqaku okugqibela
Unako Ihlathi liyalazi igama lakho njengencwadi yabafundi abafuna ukuqalisa kufundo olubanzi, kunye nabafundi abanamava. Ewe, abathengisi baya kuqaphela izithuba kwaye bathethe ngazo, kodwa ibuyela kwinqanaba leprojekthi yokuqala ebanzi enempumelelo entle. Umsebenzi sisimemo sokuphefumla umoya omtsha kwaye ufumanise kubo umbono kunye nefuthe lalo mbhali waseBasque.