Indawo yePalencia
URamón Gómez de la Serna wayengumbhali ocacileyo nonobuchule eSpain, othathwa njengomnye wabona babhali babaluleke kakhulu kwilizwe labathetha iSpanish. Yayibonakaliswe ngohlobo lwayo olwahlukileyo nolungenantlonelo; kuye ukusekwa uhlobo lwe "las greguerías" kulityalwa. Ngolu hlobo lweetekisi ezizenzekelayo, umbhali uvelise inani elifanelekileyo leencwadi, ezithathwa njengesiqalo sokuqhelaniswa nokuqonda; phakathi kwezi zibalasele: Gregueries (1917) kunye Total yeegriguerías (1955).
Nangona i-greguerías yakhe yamnika ukwamkelwa, nabo Wayebalasele ekupapashweni kweenoveli ezili-18 - ezazineenkcukacha zobuxoki ngobomi bakhe-. Eyokuqala yayi La Umhlolokazi omnyama nomhlophe (Ngo-1917), ibali apho kukho amarhe okuba kukho iinkcukacha zobudlelwane bakhe noCarmen de Burgos. Sele elubhacweni eBuenos Aires, wapapasha enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kubomi bakhe: Umatshini ozenzekelayo (1948).
Isishwankathelo sebali seGómez de la Serna
NgoLwesibini kaJulayi 3, 1888 - kwidolophu yaseRejas, eMadrid - kwazalwa uRamón Javier José y Eulogio. Abazali bakhe babengummeli uJavier Gómez de la Serna kunye noJoseph Puig Coronado. Njengomphumo weMfazwe yaseSpain-Amerika (1898), usapho lwakhe luthathe isigqibo sokufudukela ePalencia. Kweli phondo waqala izifundo zakhe kwisikolo sePiarist eSan Isidoro.
Kwiminyaka emithathu kamva, utata wakhe wanyulwa njengeSekela leLiberal. Emva koko, Babuyela eMadrid, apho uRamón aqhubeka noqeqesho kwi-Instituto Cardenal Cisneros. Ngo-1902, eneminyaka eyi-14, waqala ukupapasha El Posi, Ijenali yoKhuselo lwaMalungelo aBafundi, iphephancwadi elinemifanekiso kunye nemibhalo eyahlukeneyo ebhalwe ngesandla.
Imisebenzi yokuqala yoncwadi
Ukugqiba kwakhe kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, wabhalisa kwiFakhalthi yoMthetho- ngaphandle kokungadibani nomsebenzi. Ngo-1905, kwaye ngenxa yenkxaso-mali kayise, wapapasha incwadi yakhe yokuqala: Ukungena emlilweni. Ngexesha le-1908, uqhubeke nezifundo zakhe zomthetho kwiYunivesithi yase-Oviedo. Kwangokunjalo, wayenomdla wokubhala, wapapasha kwakuloo nyaka umsebenzi wakhe wesibini: Ububi.
Umagazini I-Prometeo
Ngemihla yakhe yokuqala njengombhali, UGómez de la Serna ungene kubuntatheli; Apho wabonisa eyakhe imvelaphi, ibonakaliswa ngokugxeka uluntu. Idale uphononongo Isithembiso, apho wabhala khona phantsi kwegama elibizwa "Tristán". Iimpapasho azenzileyo kweso sixhobo zithanda imigaqo katata wakhe. Wayehlanjululwa kakhulu ngamanqaku akhe, wayeqwalaselwa: "… iconoclast, anarchist yeeleta, umnyelisi".
Ukudala «las greguerías»
Le yimisebenzi eyahlukileyo yoncwadi, isiphumo sokuvela kwabo, ubukrelekrele kunye nokuzimisela. Ubepapasha ngokusesikweni ngo-1910 kwaye ubachaza njenge "isafobe kunye nehlazo." Zizo, ngokwazo, amabinzana amafutshane e-aphoristic abhentsisa imeko yesiqhelo kusetyenziswa ukubhuqa kunye noburharha. Ukwenza oku, wasebenzisa iinyani ezingaqhelekanga, izicatshulwa ezinobuhlanga okanye imidlalo yeengcinga.
Ukufa kukaGómez de la Serna
Quote nguRamón Gómez de la Serna
Kubo bonke ubomi bakhe, umbhali wakha ipotifoliyo yoncwadi olomeleleyo oluqukethe iinoveli, izincoko, iibhayografi kunye nemidlalo yeqonga. Imibhalo yakhe isebenze njengomzekelo kwizizukulwana ezizayo. Abagxeki bamthatha njengomnye wababhali abadumileyo baseSpain. Emva kwemfazwe ngo-1936, IGómez de la USerna wafudukela eArgentina, apho ahlala khona de wasweleka ngoJanuwari 12, 1963.
Ezinye zeencwadi zikaRamón Gómez de la Serna
Umhlolokazi omnyama nomhlophe (1917)
Yiyo ingxelo yengqondo isethwe eMadrid. Inabalinganiswa ababini abaphambili: u-hedonist Rodrigo kunye nomhlolokazi uCristina. Ngenye imini, le ndoda yaya emthendelekweni kwaye yayixhalabile malunga nomntu obhinqileyo owayezokuvuma izono. Emva kokuncenga inenekazi, waphindiswa, kwaye kwithuba elifutshane kamva baqala ukuba ngabathandi. Ukusuka apho, uRodrigo wazixelela ukuba uza kutyelela uCristina kwigumbi lakhe rhoqo emva kwemini.
Umfazi -imveliso yamanxeba akhe yangaphambili umtshato- sele umntu omnyama. URodrigo wakuqonda oko, kwaye ngenxa yakhe, ukudibana emva kwentlanganiso, waqala ukuzaliswa luloyiko. Yayinjalo imeko yakhe, ukuba le ndoda yahlaselwa yinkolelo ngoonobangela bokuba ngumhlolokazi wesithandwa sakhe. Konke oku kwadala umoya wokurhanela ukuba ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kuye, emgcwalisa ngokungazithembi nangamathandabuzo.
Ukungahambi kakuhle (1922)
Kule ngxelo Zininzi iingxelo ezivela kubomi bukaGustavo, umntu ochaphazelekayo ekuthiwa bububi benkulungwane: "ukungaziphathi kakuhle”. Lo mfana ozelwe ngaphambi kwexesha kwaye ukukhula kwakhe kuphawulwe bubukho beempawu ezintle. Into eqhelekileyo kubukho babo kukutshintsha rhoqo, enyanisweni, yonke imihla bafumana uhlobo lwamabali ahlukeneyo. Inika umbono wokuba konke liphupha, inyani engenangqondo apho uthando luhlala lukhangelwa khona.
UJulio Cortazar
Lo msebenzi wahlukile kwaye uthathwa njengomanduleli wohlobo lwe-surrealist, kuba wapapashwa ngaphambi kwemiboniso yokuqala kunye nemisebenzi kaKafka. Sisicatshulwa esenziwe ngobukrelekrele; Iimpawu zayo ziquka mihla, imibongo, uburharha, inkqubela kunye nendida. Ingxelo inombhalo wokuvula kaJulio Cortázar onikezelwe kumbhali, apho athe: "Isikhalo sokuqala sokubaleka kuncwadi oluqhelekileyo oluyintsomi."
Umfazi waseAmber (1927)
Incwadana emfutshane ebekwe eNaples, esekwe kumava ombhali kweso sixeko sase-Itali. Isicatshulwa sibaliswa ngomntu wesithathu kwaye Ubalisa ibali likaLornzo, indoda yasePalencia eya kwisixeko saseNeapolitan kwaye idibana noLucia. Ngokukhawuleza bayazithanda, zombini zihlala iimvakalelo ezingapheliyo phakathi kwezothando. Nangona kunjalo, usapho lukaLucia luyala ubudlelwane, kuba omnye wookhokho bakhe wasweleka ngenxa yomSpanish.
I-knight ye-mushroom engwevu (1928)
Ingxelo ekwifomathi yenqaku elicokisekileyo Kudlala uLeonardo, umntu oqeqeshiweyo. Le ndoda, ngenxa yomsebenzi wayo wolwaphulo-mthetho, uhlala ebaleka, ejikeleza kwizixeko ezahlukahlukeneyo zaseYurophu. Kolunye lolu hambo, ufika eParis, angene kwi-bazaar kwaye afumane umnqwazi ongwevu ongwevu; uthabatheke yiyo, uyayithenga. Xa ushiya ivenkile, uphawula ukuba abantu bakubona ngokwahlukileyo, ngokungathi usisityebi.
Ukusukela ngoko, U-Leonardo uthatha isigqibo sokusebenzisa i-bowler hat kwaye uya kwiintlanganiso zoluntu eziphakamileyo ukuze enze ubuqhetseba bakhe. Kuye, le nto ilula ibe likhubalo elinethamsanqa elimvumela ukuba enze ububi bakhe kwinqanaba eliphezulu.
Umatshini ozenzekelayo (1948)
Ngumsebenzi wobomi owenziwa ngumbhali kwaye wawenza esidlangalaleni eArgentina eneminyaka engama-70 ubudala. Abagxeki ixesha ingqalelo umsebenzi wakhe kakhulu efanelekileyo. Isicatshulwa sichaza ixesha leminyaka engama-60 yobomi bakhe (phakathi kwe-1888 kunye ne-1948). Amaphepha ayo phantse angama-800 aqukethe iifoto kunye noyilo olwenziwe yiSpanish. Ibali lobutsha bakhe, ubomi bakhe njengombhali kunye nendlela emdala ngayo engayiqapheli.
Kwintshayelelo yakhe, umbhali wathi: “Ndicebise kuphela xa ndigqibezela ngobomi bam ukunika isikhalo somphefumlo, fumanisa ukuba ndiyaphila nokuba ndiyafa, vusa i-echo ukuze wazi ukuba ndinelizwi. Isazela sam siye sakhululeka kwaye sizolile emva kokubhala le ncwadi, apho ndithatha lonke uxanduva lobomi bam ”.
