"Imba Yayo", bhuku rakanyorwa naVirginia Woolf.
Virginia Woolf aive munyori weBritish akararama mukati mehafu yekutanga yezana ramakore rechimakumi maviri, achibata mumakumi emakore a1910, 1920 na1930, kunyangwe mamwe emabasa ake akaburitswa mushure mekufa. Ndiye mumwe wevanhu vakakurumbira mumabhuku eEuropean modernist, parutivi naThomas Mann naJames Joyce.
Iye aive weboka revat-garde maartist uye vakadzidza vanonzi Bloomsbury Circle, iyo yaisanganisira Roger Fry, Clive Bell, Duncant Grant, Bertrand Russell naVanessa Bell, hanzvadzi yemunyori. Aivewo muvambi, pamwe chete nemurume wake Leonard Woolf, weHogarth Press imba yekutsikisa.
Virginia Woolf maitiro
Akanyora kunyanya zvinyorwa, nyaya pfupi uye zvinyorwa. Mabasa ake anozivikanwa nekutyora echinyakare rondedzero mutsara (kuratidzwa kwevatambi - pakati - kupera) uye kutarisa kune hupenyu hwemukati hwevatambi vake, vaanoratidza kuburikidza nemukati monologues uye zviitiko zvezuva nezuva.
Iye zvakare mucherechedzo wechikwata chevakadzikadzi chema1970, apo basa rake rakakosheswa. Zvechokwadi, mabhuku ake ari pakati pemabasa akanakisa echikadzi Kukosha uku mukati mechikadzi kunoitika zvakanyanya nekuda kwenyaya yake Imba yangu ndega, umo munomutsa matambudziko akasangana nevanyori panguva yavo nekuda kwenzvimbo yavo sevakadzi.
Biography
Adeline Virginia Stephen akaberekerwa muKensington, London, muna Ndira 25, 1882. Aive mwanasikana waLeslie Stephen, zvakare munyori, uye Julia Prinsep Jackson, aimboenzanisira vanyori vePre-Raphaelite. Akakurira akakomberedzwa nemabhuku uye mabasa ehunyanzvi. Iye haana kuenda zvakarongeka kuenda kumasangano ezvidzidzo, asi aive akadzidziswa kumba nevabereki vake nevadzidzisi vega.
Kubva pahudiki hwake, aigara achishungurudzika zvikamu uye airatidza zviratidzo zvine hukama nehunhu kusagadzikana. Kunyangwe aya mamiriro asina kudzikisira kugona kwake kwekufunga, zvakakonzera matambudziko ake ehutano uye pakupedzisira zvakatungamira kuzviuraya muna 1941.
Mushure mekufa kwevabereki vake, akaenda kunogara nevakoma vake Adrián naVanessa kumba kwekupedzisira kuBloomsbury Street.. Ikoko akasimbisa hukama nevanyori vakasiyana, maartist uye vatsoropodzi, avo vakaumba rakakurumbira Bloomsbury Circle. Iri boka rakagadzirwa nehunhu kubva kumatavi akasiyana eruzivo uye nehunyanzvi. Vakanga vakafanana kutsoropodza (kazhinji kusanzwisisika) kwavakaratidza pabasa ravo rakanangana nePuritanism uye Victorian aesthetic tsika.
Mune ino nharaunda, akasangana nemukurumbira mupepeti uye munyori Leonard Woolf, waakaroora muna 1912, apo Virginia aive nemakore makumi matatu ekuberekwa.. Muna 1917 vakagadzira Hogarth Press pamwechete, iyo yaizove imwe yeakakura muLondon panguva iyoyo. Vakaburitsa basa raVirginia naLeonard ipapo, pamwe neizvo zvevamwe vanyori vakakurumbira venguva saSigmund Freud, Katherine Mansfield, TS Elliot, Laurens van der Post, neshanduro dzemabhuku echiRussia.
Quote naVirginia Woolf.
Munguva ye1920s aive nehukama hwekudanana nemunyori Victoria Sackville-West, kwaakatsaurira bhuku rake Orlando. Chokwadi ichi hachina kukonzera kuparara kwemuchato wavo, nekuti ivo pamwe nevamwe vavo vaipesana nekusarudzika pabonde uye nekuomarara kwenguva yaVictorian.
Muna 1941 akatambura chirwere chenguva refu chekushungurudzika, iyo yakawedzeredzwa nekuparara kweimba yake panguva yekubhombwa kweHondo Yenyika II uye nezvimwe zvikonzero. Musi waKurume 28 wegore iro akazviuraya nekunyura muRwizi Ouse. Anosara akazorora muSussex, pasi pemuti.
Kuvaka
Zvinyorwa zvake zvakaburitswa ndezvi:
- Kupera kwerwendo (1915)
- Husiku nemasikati (1919)
- Kamuri raJacob (1922)
- Mai Dalloway (1925)
- Kuimba yemwenje (1927)
- Orlando (1928)
- Waves (1931)
- Flush (1933)
- Makore (1937)
- Pakati pezviito (1941)
Nhau dzake pfupi zhinji dzakaburitswa mumakomboni akasiyana. Izvi zvinosanganisira: Kew Bindu (1919), Muvhuro kana Chipiri (1921), Chipfeko Chitsva (1924), Imba Inotambirwa uye Dzimwe Nhau pfupi (1944), Party yaMai Dalloway (1973) uye Iyo Yakazara Shorter Fiction (1985).
Akaburitsawo nhoroondo yewaaishanda naye Roger Fry muna 1940 uye akawanda ezvinyorwa uye zvisiri zvinyorwa., pakati pavo pane: Ngano dzazvino (1919), Muverengi muverengi (1925), Imba yangu ndega (1929), London (1931), Kufa kwezvipfukuto nezvimwe zvinyorwa (1942), Vakadzi uye zvinyorwa (1979) nevamwe vazhinji. Pari zvino iwe unogona kuwana ake akazara mashandiro emahara kurodha pasi.
Virginia Woolf akaburitsa mabhuku
Mai Dalloway
Mai Dalloway ndiye wekutanga mumanovhosi aVirginia Woolf kuwana mukurumbira wakakura neruzhinji rwevanhu mushure mekuburitswa kwayo muna 1925, kusvika pakufungidzirwa senge yechinyakare yemabhuku ezana ramakore rechiXNUMX
Iyo inotaura nezve rimwe zuva muhupenyu hwaClarissa Dalloway, mukadzi wechivanhu cheLondon, mukadzi wemutevedzeri. Kunyangwe hupenyu hwe protagonist huri banal uye hapana chakapfuura chakapfuura chinoitika mune yese nyaya, hupfumi hweiri basa hurimo muchokwadi kuti inotaurwa kubva kune pfungwa nemafungiro evatambi, izvo zvinoshandura nyaya yakajairika kuita chimwe chinhu chinokanganisa, zvese zviri padyo kune muverengi uye wepasirese.
En Mai Dalloway kune nzvimbo yekufungidzira, mhemberero uye nhamo kubva kune ezuva nezuva. Sezvakataurwa kubva pamifungo, zvinoitika panguva dzakasiyana uye zvinopa fungidziro yehupenyu hweveLondon yepamusoro kirasi mushure mekutanga Hondo Yenyika. Mifananidzo yake yega yenhetembo uye nhoroondo yake yenhau zvinomuisa pamutsetse wakafanana ne Ulysses naJames Joyce.
Orlando
Orlando: a biography, inoverengeka inorondedzera zvakashata uye nzendo dzeOrlando, aristocrat weChirungu, anorarama kubva panguva yaElizabethan kusvika kuzana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Munguva iyi, akabva pakuva munyori ane hunyanzvi kusvika pakuva mumiriri muTurkey, uko mamwe mangwanani akamuka ari mukadzi. Icho chokwadi chekuve mukadzi chinounza matambudziko mazhinji kana uchiedza kuwana zvivakwa, uye sekufamba kwemazana emakore zvinotungamira kune akawanda mhinganidzo nekuramba.
Orlando icho chirevo chemakuru ehupenyu hwezvakaitika. Inotakurirwa mareferenzi kumabhuku echinyakare, kunyanya Shakespeare, uye inobata nenyaya dzinopokana panguva iyoyo senge ungochani uye mabasa echikadzi.
Unyanzvi nezveVirginia Woolf pamadziro.
Waves
Yakabudiswa muna 1931, mushure mekunge Mai. dalloway y Kuimba yemwenje, Yakazara, pamwe neaya maviri, eVirginia Woolf trilogy yemanovhosi ekuyedza. By nevatsoropodzi vakawanda vaiona rakaoma kunzwisisa basa rake.
Iyo inoverengeka inotaurira nyaya yesatan shamwari (Rhoda, Bernard, Louis, Susan, Jinny, naNeville) kuburikidza nemanzwi avo. Vatambi vanoratidzira hupenyu hwavo, zviroto, kutya, uye pfungwa kuburikidza nema monologue. Asi izvi hazvisi zvechinyakare monologues mune manyorerwo emitambo, asi pfungwa uye mazano anobatana uye anopa muverengi zvishoma nezvishoma mufananidzo wepanyika yepasi yemunhu wese.
Like Mai Dalloway Iyo yakakosha nhoroondo kuziva uye kudzidza yeEuropean avant-garde nhoroondo, uye mabhuku ezana ramakore rechi XNUMX zvakawandisa.