Voti yaVaCayo yakapokana
Voti yaVaCayo yakapokana inhoroondo yenhoroondo yakanyorwa nemutori wenhau weSpain uye munyori Miguel Delibes. Basa racho rakabudiswa kekutanga muna 1978 naEdiciones Destino. Sezvinowanzoitika nezvinyorwa zvinopa dialectic yakamaka mukupokana kwavo, bhuku rakave rakakurumbira munguva pfupi, richikwezva nhamba huru yevaverengi.
Kuzivikanwa uku kwakatonyanya kuvepo nekuda kwefirimu rezita rimwe chete rakatungamirwa naAntonio Giménez Rico uye rakaburitswa muna 1986. Iyi firimu yakatora vaverengi vekare nevatsva muhondo yezvematongerwo enyika pakati peguta nenzvimbo dzekumaruwa dzeSpain.. Pavaviri ava ndeupi achakunda? Nzira chete yekuziva ndeyekunyura mukati Voti yaVaCayo yakapokana.
Zvinyorwa zve Voti yaVaCayo yakapokana
Kubva muguta kusvika kumaruwa
Varwi vatatu vebato rezvematongerwo enyika riri muguta vanonanga kunzvimbo dzisina vanhu dzeSpain kunorwisa.. Pavanosvika kuchamhembe kweCastile, vanowana nzvimbo inenge isina vanhu uye ine dzimba dzinenge dzaparara. Vagari vaviri chete vemutaundi iri vakanetsana makore apfuura, saka havataudzani, vachigara vari voga.
Ikoko, Majaya matatu ane mhirizhonga anosangana naVaCayo, murume akwegura anoshamwaridzana uye asingagoni kuverenga nokunyora uyo, mukusiyana navo, asingaoneki kana kuti asingazivi kana kuti ane ukoshi hukuru. Kunyange zvakadaro, Vakarwa hondo ava vanoda kuti murume uyu avavimbise kuvhotera bato ravo, uye vanoedza kumunyengetedza kuti upenyu hwomuguta hunobudirira zvikuru kupfuura hwaaigona kuva nahwo munyika. Zvisinei, murume mukuru haatombobvumi.
Kupokana kwepfungwa
VaCaius Iyo inzvimbo yemararamiro ekumaruwa, saka anoedza kutaurirana nevarwi vatatu panyaya iyi. Pasinei zvapo nedzidzo, mwero woungwaru netsika izvo vechiduku vanazvo, pane dzimwe nguva vanova vanozvitutumadza, vane udyire uye vane utsinye, nepo Gayo, mukusaziva kwake kunofungidzirwa, anoratidzira uchenjeri hwakafanira mano akanakisisa ouzivi.
Panguva dzose, Murume wekare anodzivirira rudo rwake kune zvisikwa uye nzvimbo dzekumaruwa dzeguta rake duku rakakanganwa, uye anopa zvikonzero zvinokatyamadza nei, semaonero ake, guta richiita kusavimbana kwakawanda kudaro. Iyi nhaurirano chiratidzo chezvaunotenda. Miguel Delibes chinobata mufananidzo, uyo aifunga zvakafanana nemhare yake.
Humanism kuburikidza nemamiriro ekunze
Pamusoro pegakava rezvematongerwo enyika, riripo uye revanhu rinorembera pamusoro pezvinyorwa, Hazvina kuitika kuti chiito chinoitika pakati penzvimbo yekugara, sezvo ichi a kuwedzera kweiyo yakakosha ye protagonist yayo. Caius anoratidza hungwaru uye hunhu hwakazara, iye chidzidzo chakanaka, chakapfava, uye pasina kunyepedzera hukuru. Chinhu chaanongoda kugara mumba make murunyararo.
Zvine musoro kufunga kuti rakadonha Hune hupenyu hwakapfava husina bishi remuguta. Iye Anoratidzika kunge akabatikana zvakanyanya kumaitiro ake, nepo varwi vatatu vachiedza kushandura maonero avo enyika., izvo zvavasingawani nyore nyore. Kutaura kwakadzikama kwomukweguru kunouya mukushora kwakananga nechimiro chokukakavara chepwere, uye “kurwisana kwesimba” ikoko kunotsigira bhuku rose.
Tsika mbiri dzinofuratirana
Iyo trope yemusiyano pakati pemudhara nevarwi vatatu chinhu chinotambanuka nekudzika mukati mebhuku rese. Miguel Delibes anojekesa izvozvo, kunyange zvazvo vakomana vachiedza kutsvaga vhoti yaVaCayo, havanyatsonzwisisa murume mukuru, zvinodikanwa zvavo kana kuti zvavanofarira, izvo zvinoreva kuti fariro yavo ndeyapamusoro uye yokudisa zvenyika, kuti havatsvaki zvakanaka zvavose, kure nazvo.
Sezvinosuruvarisa sezvingaite senge, ichi chaive chisiri chokwadi panguva yeSpanish Transition, asi yakashungurudza maitiro evezvematongerwo enyika kubva pakasikwa zita iri. Zvakadaro, Mhinduro dzaGayo kune vechiduku dzinoratidza kuti anonzwisisa mamiriro acho ezvinhu zvakanaka., uye kuti haana kugadzirira kubvuma kushandiswa kwakadaro. Kunyange zvazvo tsika yake ichinyangarika zvishoma nezvishoma, harahwa inoidzivirira nesimba rake rose.
Nezve munyori, Miguel Delibes
Miguel Delibes.
Miguel Delibes Setién akaberekwa muna Gumiguru 17, 1920, muValladolid, Castilla, Spain. Akapedza dhigirii rake rechikoro chesekondari kuColegio de Lourdes muna 1936. Mushure mokuputika kweHondo Yenyika, akanyoresa semuzvipiri muNavy of the Rebellious Army muna 1938, achishanda pacruiser Canarias. Muna 1938, pashure pokunge hondo yapera, akadzokera kumusha ndokunyoresa muCommerce School.
Gare gare Akadzidza Law uye akadzidza paChikoro cheArt and Crafts cheValladolid, izvo zvakamubatsira kuti apiwe basa Kuchamhembe kweCastile, kwaakashanda se caricaturist uye muongorori wefirimu. Mushure mekuroora muna 1947, akatanga kunyora bhuku rake rekutanga, panguva imwecheteyo mwanakomana wake wekutanga, Miguel, akaberekwa. Gore rimwe chetero akapiwa mubairo weNadal, uye haana kumbomira kugamuchira rukudzo nokuda kwemabasa ake akawanda.
Munyori aive nepamusoro pekunyora muna 1960, aine zvinyorwa zvakamuita kuti ave nemukurumbira wekutenda, pamusoro pezvose, kumabhuku akafemerwa neakasiyana autobiographical anecdotes, anowanzo hukama nekuzvarwa, kufa kana kurwara. Zvinosuruvarisa, Delibes Akafa muna Kurume 2010 nekuda kwegomarara remudumbu iro rakanga richimutambudza kubvira 1998.. Pasinei neizvi, acharamba achiyeukwa semumwe wevanyori vakuru veSpain.
Mamwe mabhuku naMiguel Delibes
Novelas
- Mumvuri wecypress wakareba (1948);
- Kunyange izuva (1949);
- Nzira (1950);
- Mwanakomana wangu akanamatwa Sisi (1953);
- Diary yaHunter (1955);
- Dhayari yemutami (1958);
- Shizha dzvuku (1959);
- Makonzo (1962);
- Maawa mashanu naMario (1966);
- Mufananidzo weye castaway (1969);
- Muchinda akabviswa pachigaro (1973);
- Hondo dzemadzitateguru edu (1975);
- Ivo vatsvene vasina mhosva (1981);
- Tsamba dzerudo dzinobva kune akasarudzika sexagenarian (1983);
- Pfuma (1985);
- Gamba huni (1987);
- Mukadzi mutsvuku pane grey kumashure (1991);
- Dhayari remudyandigere (1995);
- Mupanduki (1998).
Nyaya
- "Kupenga" (1953);
- "Mutambo" (1954);
- "Siests nemhepo yekumaodzanyemba" (1957);
- "Nyaya dzekare kubva kuOld Castile" (1964);
- “The Shroud” (1970);
- "Shiri nhatu dzinoverenga" (1982);
- “Shiri nhatu dzinoverenga nengano nhatu dzakakanganikwa” (2003);
- "Nyaya dzekare uye ngano dzakakwana" (2006);
- "Muroyi Leopoldina nedzimwe nyaya dzechokwadi" (2018).
Mabhuku ekufambisa
- Mumwe munyori wemabhuku anoona America (1956);
- Kuburikidza nenyika idzodzo: South America ine kumira muCanary Islands (1961);
- Europe: mira uye resitorendi (1963);
- USA neni (1966);
- Chitubu chePrague (1968);
- Nzendo mbiri dzemotokari: Sweden neNetherlands (1982).
mabhuku ekuvhima
- Tsvuku yekuvhima yepartridge (1963);
- Bhuku remutambo mudiki (1966);
- Nepfuti pabendekete (1970);
- Kuvhima kweSpain (1972);
- Shamwari dzangu trout (1977);
- Adventures, adventures uye misadventures yemuvhimi wemusango (1979);
- Zvimedu zveSvondo (1981);
- Mazuva maviri ekuvhima (1988);
- Chekupedzisira kuchengetedza (1992).
Essays uye zvinyorwa
- Castilla mubasa rangu (1972);
- Rimwe gore rehupenyu hwangu (1972);
- Rarama zvanhasi (1975);
- SOS: zvinoreva kufambira mberi kubva kubasa rangu (1976);
- VaCastilla, vaCastilian uye vaCastilian (1979);
- Imwe nhabvu (1982);
- Press censorship muma40 uye zvimwe zvinyorwa (1984);
- Castile anotaura (1986);
- Mudiwa wangu bhasikoro (1988);
- Hupenyu hwangu kunze (1989);
- Nama shinda (1990);
- Hupenyu pamavhiri (1992);
- Mutambo wemunyoro (1993);
- Kutyisidzirwa hunhu (1996);
- ndati (1996);
- Spain 1939-1950: Rufu nekumuka kweinoveli (2004).