Kwemakore, vanyori vakawanda vakatisiira mienzaniso yemaeclogues akaongororwa, akaongororwa uye akadudzirwa. Zvisinei, kunyange nhasi shoko iri richiita serisiri kushandiswa uye kuti chikamu chemabhuku chisina ramangwana, chokwadi ndechokuti zvingasava saizvozvo.
Kana iwe uchida kuziva kuti eclogue chii uye, pamusoro pezvose, muenzaniso wayo, pazasi takawana zvimwe zvingave zvinonakidza kuziva (kana usati wazviverenga zvakadaro).
Chii chinonzi eclogue
Iyo eclogue inotsanangurwa seyakaumbwa umo manzwiro, manzwiro, zviratidziro zvinofanirwa kufambiswa… Dzimwe nguva, vanyori vanoshandisa iyi nhaurirano umo vatambi vaviri kana kupfuura vanotora chikamu; asi inogonawo kuitwa se monologue.
Imwe yemhando huru ye eclogue ndeye dingindira guru richagara richienderana nemanzwirokazhinji rudo.
Zvinozivikanwa izvozvo eclogue yokutanga iripo yakanyorwa naTheocritus, kunyanya muzana remakore rechina Kristu asati auya. Zita rayo raive "Idylls" zvinoreva muchiGiriki chekare "nhetembo diki". Ehe, vamwe vanyori vakatevera, vakaita saBion weErmyrna, Virgilio, Giovanni Boccaccio...
Munguva dzeRoma yakanga yakakurumbira zvikuru uye chinhu chimwe chetecho chakaitika muRenaissance. Saka hazvingashamisi kana yakadzokera mufashoni.
Hunhu hwe eclogue
Kunyangwe isu takambotaura mamwe maitiro eeclogue, chokwadi ndechekuti ine akawanda akawanda. Pano tinovapfupisa:
nziyo dzake
Tinogona kutaura kuti eclogue rakafanana nenhetembo uye izvi kazhinji zvine mumhanzi. Saka kana iri eclogue zvimwechete zvaizoitika.
Chikonzero ndechekuti mavhesi ose achakaumbwa ane rhyme yemakonzoneti zvekuti manzwi acho anopindirana. uye gadzira rhythm uye mimhanzi.
Kutaura zvazviri, pavanomiririra zvinowanzoitika kuti dzinoperekedzwa kana dzichidzokororwa nemimhanzi.
Musoro werudo
Uyu chimwe chehunhu hukuru uye chinofanira kugara chiripo. Kungava nemhaka yokuti chiitiko chorudo chine chokuita, nemhaka yokuti anobuda munzira yake nokuda kworudo rwake, kana kuti nemhaka yokuti rudo rusina kufanira.
Asi nguva dzose, rudo richagara riri dingindira guru.
Vanhu
Muchiitiko ichi, eclogues vanoratidzwa nekuva nevafudzi kana varimi, kunyange zvazvo chokwadi chiri chokuti, sezvayakashanduka, izvi zvakachinja.
Chimiro chayo
an eclogue inofanira kuva nezvikamu makumi matatu, imwe neimwe iine mitsetse gumi nemina inogona kuva hendecasyllables (mabhii gumi nerimwe) kana heptasyllables (mabhii manomwe).
Uyewo, mutinhimira wazvo ose unofanira kuva unotsinhirana, kureva kuti mashoko ekupedzisira endima dzacho, hazvina basa kuti ari maviri kana kupfuura, ane inzwi rimwe chete.
Sezvo mutemo, eclogues tanga nekusuma vatambi, kungave nemunyori kana ivo pachavo. Zvinenge zvagara zvichijairika kuwana kuti munyori anoisa zita remunhu iyeye pakutanga kuitira kuti chose chinouya mushure chive chikamu charo, sekunge ari kutaura.
Mushure memharidzo kunouya kutaura kwemanzwiro iwayo nechimiro kana vatambi, nguva dzose muchimiro chenhetembo.
Uye pakupedzisira, magumo eeclogue anotarisa kuti munyori anorasa sei vatambi uye ipapo anoita mhedziso yemusoro waakagadzira.
Vanyori vane mukurumbira uye eclogues
Hapana mubvunzo kuti eclogues ave aripo kwenguva yakareba uye nekuda kweichi chikonzero kune vamwe vanyori vanoonekwa semienzaniso yechinyakare, yekare uye yakakosha eclogues.
Theocritus anofanira kududzwa sezita rokutanga, sezvo akanga ari baba veava. Zvisinei, shure kwake kwakaonekwa mamwe mazita akakosha zvakaenzana.
Somuenzaniso, nyaya yeMosco, Bion yeSmirna kana Virgilio, ndipo pavakava nemukurumbira uye vakatonyanya kufarirwa.
Vanyori vane mukurumbira, pasina kupokana, Nemesiano, Ausonio naCalpurnio Siculo, pamwe naGiovanni Boccaccio, Jacopo Sannazaro.
Kana vari vokuSpain, Isu tinofanirwa kusimbisa Lope de Vega, uyo akachinja maitiro emitambo yemitambo uye nezve izvo zvinoshanda senge "Mudiwa wechokwadi" kana "La Arcadia" zvinosara; Juan Boscán, ane maeclogue pamusoro pedingindira reufundisi; Garcilaso de la Vega, ine "Kuchema kunotapira kwevafudzi vaviri" kana "Mukati mechando ndiko kunodziya"; Juan del Encina; Pedro Soto de Rojas uye zvimwe zvakawanda.
Mienzaniso ye eclogue
Chekupedzisira, isu tinoda kukusiira iwe akati wandei mienzaniso ye eclogues yatakawana paInternet kuti iwe uone kuti chii chiri mhedzisiro yekushandisa zvese zvatakambotaura.
"Kuchema Kunotapira Kwevafudzi Vaviri" naGarcilaso de la Vega
Salice:
O, zvakaoma kupfuura marble pakunyunyuta kwangu,
nemoto unopfuta wandichapisa
kunotonhora kupfuura chando, Galatea!
[...]
Nemorous:
Ah zvapera nguva, hazvina maturo uye nekukasira!
Ndinorangarira, ndakarara pano kweawa,
ndichimuka kudaro ndakaona Elisa ari padivi pangu.
"Idyll IV. Vafudzi” vaTheocritus
bat.
Corydon, ndiudze, mombe ndedzani?
Vanobva kuFilondas here?
Corydon.
Kwete, kubva kuEgon, ikozvino
Wandipa iwo kuti ndifudze.
bat.
Uye munomukama pai pakavanda?
Kwese masikati?
Corydon.
mhuru
Mudhara anodziisa, uye anondichengeta zvakanaka.
bat.
Uye mufudzi wemombe asipo aenda here?
Corydon.
Hauna kunzwa here? akaenda nayo
Milton kuna Alfiyosi. (…)
"Eclogue yePlácida uye Vitoriano" naJuan del Encina
(...) Placid.
mwoyo wakarwadza,
chamomile ndine kubva kwauri.
Haiwa, kuipa kukuru, dzvinyiriro youtsinye!
Ndakanga ndisina tsitsi
Victorian wangu
Kana zvichienda.
Zvinosuruvarisa, chii chichaitika kwandiri?
Haiwa, nokuda kwezvakaipa zvangu ndakamuona!
Ndakanga ndisina kuipa,
Handina, kana uchida
usave wakajeka uye zvakadaro.
Iri ndiro ronda rangu rinouraya
Ndaizopora kana ndikamuona.
Maona kana chii?
Zvakanaka, akanga asina kutenda mandiri,
zvaive nani kana aenda.
Chii chinoenda? ndinopenga,
ndoti kudii manyepo akadai!
Zvakaipa kwazvo zvinobata zvakanyanya,
yakabuda sei mumuromo mangu?
Oo, fungidziro yakadini!
Kunze, kunze!
Mwari havambodi zvakadaro,
izvo muhupenyu hwako ndezvangu.
Hupenyu hwangu, muviri wangu nemweya wangu
nesimba ravo vanotakurwa;
ane zvose mumaoko ake;
pakuipa kwangu hapambodzikama
uye masimba akapfupikiswa;
uye vanorebesa
nhamo dzinotora nguva refu kwandiri
kuti norufu zvinobatanidzwa. (…)
"Eclogue III" naVicent Andrés Estellés
Nemorous. (…)
Ndiri kutya masikati ano - muhofisi
emasikati edu iwayo, emazuva iwayo.
Belisa, nyika yakananga kunjodzi.
Ndichatanga kufona kubva pafoni
chero nhamba: "Uya, Belisa!"
Ndinochema, Belisa, pakati pezvikwereti nezvikwereti.
Ndinochema ndiri mukamuri repamusoro raunoziva.
Belisa, nyika yakananga kunjodzi!
Eclogue Antonia de Lope de Vega
Anthony:
Ndiregedze ndinonzwa pano pedyo nekugomera
uye handifungi kuti kwaiva kufungira kusina maturo
nokuti inouya zvishoma nezvishoma nepasafire yebhuruu.
violets yecandida mangwanani,
shamwari yangu mufundisi Feliciana.
Feliciana:
Hazvina maturo mafuro akasvibira ane enameled nemaruva.
Antonia wangu, kupi?
"Eclogue kuna Claudio" naGarcilaso de la Vega
Saka, mushure mekunonoka kwakawanda
nerunyararo rune mwero rwakatambura;
kumanikidzwa uye nekumanikidzwa
Nezvakawanda zvisina maturo,
vanobuda pakati pekuzvininipisa kukuru
chokwadi kubva kumugodhi wemweya.
[...]
Ndiri munzira yekufa zvakajeka
uye ndinobvisa patariro yose;
kuti ndinopinda chete ndotarisa
apo zvinhu zvose zvinomira;
nekuti handisati ndambozviona mushure mekurarama
vakanga vasingatarisiri kutanga kufa.
Iwe unoziva mimwe mienzaniso ye eclogue?