Kutora mifananidzo: Maria Montesinos. Webhusaiti yemunyori.
Maria Montesinos ine novel idzva rinonzi chisarudzo chisingadzivisiki. Muizvi indavhiyu Anotiudza nezvake nezvimwe zvakawanda. Ndinotenda nguva yako yakawanda uye tsitsi dzekundibatsira.
Maria Montesinos - Hurukuro
- ACTUALIDAD LITERATURA: Bhuku rako richangoburwa rine musoro chisarudzo chisingadzivisiki. Unotiudzei nezvazvo uye pfungwa yacho yakabvepi?
MARIA MOUNTSINOS: Pfungwa yeiyi novel yakabuda makore mazhinji apfuura, parwendo rwekuenda kumigodhi yeRiotinto, muHuelva. Ndakashanyira museum wemigodhi uko kunoratidzwa kuti madhipoziti akashandiswa sei uye mamiriro ayo akaitwa; Ndakakwira njanji yechitima yakare inocherwa pedyo nerwizi rweRiotinto, yakatsvuka seropa, ine nzira yakagumira pachiteshi chezvikepe cheHuelva, uye ndakafamba nenzira dzeyakanga yambovapo. yaimbova British colony kwaigara vashandi veRio Tinto Company, muridzi wemigodhi pakati 1873 uye 1954. Nyika yeSpain, saka ichida mari panguva iyoyo pakupera kwezana remakore rechiXNUMX, yakanga yatengesa ivhu uye pasi pevhu apo migodhi yakapfuma yemhangura yeHuelva yaiva kune kambani yeBritish.
Yo handina kuziva iyo nyaya, uye zvakare chokwadi chekuti kuti nyika yeBritain yakanga yavapo akavakwa mumufananidzo norufanano rwoupenyu hwavakanga vanahwo muUnited Kingdom—nedzimba duku kana kuti Cottages, kirabhu yeChirungu, nhandare yetenisi—. Sekune mamwe makoroni avaive nawo pasi rose, maChirungu vaigara vakafuratira vanhu vemuraini kubva mumigodhi yeRiotinto uye kubva kune mamwe mataundi akapoteredza, vakazvivharira vamene netsika dzavo dzakaoma dzeVictorian, dzakaparadzaniswa nevanhu vomunharaunda yacho—“vagari vemo” avo vaizvidza—pamadziro akanga akapoteredza nharaunda yacho.
Ndichitenderera panzvimbo iyi ndakatanga kuzvibvunza vanhu ivavo vaizove sei, hupenyu hwavo hwaive hwakamira sei ikoko, hukama hwake nevanhu vemudunhu iri huchange hwakaita sei, uye ndakafunga kuti paiva nenyaya yakanaka ikoko. Yakanga iine zvese zvinosanganisa: nzvimbo yakabvaruka, kunetsana pakati pekambani ine simba yeRio Tinto nevacheri vemigodhi, dambudziko rekusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza kunokonzerwa nehutsi hunobva mumigodhi hwakakanganisa zvakanyanya vagari vemumisha, uye kurwisana pakati petsika mbiri. , nzira mbiri dzekunzwisisa nyika.
Zvisinei, Panguva iyoyo, ndakanga ndisati ndazvitsaurira pakunyora, uye handina kunzwa ndakagadzirira kubata novhero yakagadzwa munguva, iya yoKudzorerwa kwoumambo, yandaisaziva panguva iyoyo. Aive makore akati wandei nemanovel mashoma gare gare zvekuti ndakafunga kuti nguva yake yasvika uye aigona kutaura iyo nyaya yaaive nayo mumusoro make.
Iyo novel yakaiswa pakati pe1887 ne1888., zuva rakashata muRiotinto, nekuti yekutanga kuratidzwa yevanhu vemunharaunda kurwisa kusvibiswa kwe utsi hwesarufa, iyo yakapfurwa neuto remauto.
- AL: Unogona kuyeuka here kuverenga kwako kwekutanga? Uye nyaya yekutanga yawakanyora?
MM: Ehe saizvozvo. Ndanga ndiri muverengi mukuru kubva ndichiri mwana. Ndangariro dzangu dzekutanga dzekuverenga ndedzeaya mafascicles emanovhero makuru ane mifananidzo kubva kuBruguera inotsikisa imba: Ivanhoe, rakanyorwa naWalter Scott; Michael Strogoff, Jules Verne; muchinda nomurombo, naDickens… Ndakaenda nababa vangu kuRastro de Madrid ndikazvitengera.
Ndine ndangariro yakajeka yezvokudya zvangu zvepashure pechikoro, ndakagara patafura yokubikira ndine sangweji muruoko uye ndichiverenga fascicle yakazaruka yemavignette pamberi pangu. Ipapo ndaive muverengi mukuru wezvose zvakaunganidzwa zvevechidiki zvenguva iyoyo, Vashanu, VaHollisters, zvichingodaro, uye kubva ipapo ndakaenda kune chero zita rakabata ngwariro yangu muraibhurari yeLas Rozas, mataigara. Ndakaverenga zvese, ndakazvida. Ndakatora munyori uye kana ndaimuda, ndakadya mabhuku ake ese: Ndinorangarira Pearl S. Buck, Agatha Christie, kana vanyori ve 50s-60s romance novel kuti ambuya vangu vaiva muraibhurari yavo sehanzvadzi Linares Becerra (Luisa naConcha) kana Maria Teresa Sese.
La nyaya yekutanga ndakanyora Ndakanga ndava nemakore gumi nemashanu Ruzivo rwevadiki kuti ndakaendesa kumakwikwi ekunyora mutaundi rangu zvokuti, chokwadika, handina kukunda. Ndinorichengeta kumba uye pandinoriverengazve ndinonzwa musanganiswa weunyoro uye kunyara.
- AL: Munyori mukuru? Iwe unogona kusarudza inopfuura imwe uye kubva kune ese eras.
MM: Zvechokwadi, ini handisi we "musoro" asingazununguki munyori. Zvandinofarira zvave kuchinja zvinoenderana nematanho ehupenyu hwangu uye yangu yekuverenga shanduko, ndinofungidzira. Pane imwe nguva yandaida sigrid undset, Milan Kundera, Javier Marias, Soledad Puertolas, Josefa Saramago… Yagara iripo zvakanyanya Carmen Martin Gaite, iyo yandinofunga kuti ndakaverenga zvose pamusoro, kusanganisira madhayari avo (ndakapindwa muropa nevanyori vezvinyorwa). Parizvino, mareferensi angu achinja zvikuru. Ndinovada zvikuru Edith Wharton, Elizabeth Strout, Siri Husvedt, zvese rondedzero yake uye zvinyorwa zvake, Almudena Grandes naSara Mesa, semuenzaniso.
- AL: Ndeupi munhu mubhuku iwe waungadai uchida kusangana nekugadzira?
MM: o! Ndiri kuzobiridzira zvishoma: the Henry James izvo zvinoratidzira Colm Cobin en Tenzi. Ndakanyengerwa chose, kunyange zvazvo kuverenga kwangu kwaHenry James kuri kushoma zvikuru. Ndingadai ndakafarira kusangana naye.
- AL: Chero yakasarudzika tsika kana maitiro kana zvasvika pakunyora kana kuverenga?
MM: Aihwa, Handina mania hombekwete kunyora kana kuverenga. Pamwe pakunyora ndinoda kunyarara uye kuva ndega, asi ndaona kuti ndinogona kunyorawo pasina zvimiro zviviri izvozvo.
- AL: Uye yako yaunofarira nzvimbo uye nguva yekuzviita?
MM: ndine desktop mune imwe kona yeimba yangu yanga ichikura ichitenderera nemapepa angu, mabhuku nemabhuku ekunyorera kusvikira yaita chikamu chakanaka chekamuri. Ndinowanzogara pasi kuti ndinyore mushure mekudya masikati ese, mazuva ese. Ndinonzwa ndakasvinura, ndichishanda zvakanyanya.
- AL: Kune mamwe marudzi aunoda?
MM: Hongu, ndinoda chaizvo zvinyorwa zvematikitivha nemadhayari evanyori, sezvandambotaura.
- Chii chauri kuverenga izvozvi? Uye kunyora?
MM: Izvozvi ndiri kuverenga Nguva dzechando shanu, ivo Olga Merino, iyo inorondedzera makore ake ari mutori wenhau muSoviet Union muma 90. Ndiri kumufarira zvikuru, zvose nokuda kwamanyorero ake uye nokuda kwokuti ndinosvika pakuziva zvishomanene pamusoro pechimiro chenyika isingazikanwi. uye zvisinganzwisisiki kwandiri.
Uye nezve kunyora, izvozvi ndiri tichitenderera nyaya mbiri, asi ini handisati ndanyora chero chinhu.
- AL: Iwe unofunga kuti nzvimbo yekutsikisa iri sei uye chii chakasarudza iwe kuyedza kutsikisa?
MM: Ndinofungidzira nzvimbo yekudhinda zvinogara zvakaoma, nokuda kwechikonzero chimwe kana chimwe. Ikozvino kune kwakawanda kudhindwa, nhau hadzitore kana mavhiki maviri pamasherufu ezvitoro, uye kune vanyori, vanopedza nguva yakawanda kugadzira nyaya, dzimwe nguva zvinoodza moyo.
Ndakatanga kuzvibudisa zvinyorwa zvangu muna 2015 nekuti hapana wandaiziva muchikamu chekutsikisa uye mareferensi angu kubva kushamwari dzakaburitsa nemuparidzi akange asina kunyanya kunaka. Vakanyunyuta pamusoro pokunyimwa manyoro kwenguva refu, kushaikwa kwemhinduro, pane dzimwe nguva kusabatwa zvakanaka.
Ndakaita rombo rakanaka kuti bhuku rangu rekutanga kuzviburitsa paAmazon zvakashanda zvakanaka kwazvo maererano nekutengesa uye ongororo, uye handina kufunga kutumira chero chinhu kune vaparidzi kudzamara vandibata nezve ichangoburwa novhero yandakanga ndazviburitsa pachangu panguva iyoyo, nhoroondo yerudo yenhoroondo yakagadzwa muSpain mukupera kwezana ramakore rechi XNUMX. , muComillas (Cantabria), uye yaizoburitswa pasi pemusoro we Mamiriro angu, yekutanga yetrilogy, iyo yaizoteverwa Chido chakanyorwa y chisarudzo chisingadzivisiki, yekupedzisira.
Zvino zvandaburitsa nemuparidzi akaita seEdiciones B wePenguin Random House, ndinofanira kutaura kuti ruzivo rwangu navo rwave rwakanaka, rwakanaka. Ndinonzwa ropafadzo nokuda kwaizvozvo.
- AL: Inguva yedambudziko ratiri kusangana nayo iri kukuomera here kana iwe unozogona kuchengeta chimwe chinhu chakanakira nyaya dzeramangwana?
MM: Zviri kuoma nekuti ndiri muboka guru revanhu vanozviita kuora mwoyo kwatikunda zvishoma, kuora mwoyo, dzimwe nguva kunyange kufunganya. Zvechokwadi chimwe chinhu chicharamba chiri mukati mangu nokuda kweramangwana, asi iye zvino, chinhu chimwe chete chandinoda mukunyora kwangu svika kure kure nechokwadi sezvinobvira izvo zvakandikomberedza.